基于测速定轨的轨道参数精度分析

利用误差传播关系,比较了测速体制下逐点定轨算法和多项式定轨算法的精度,为多项式和样条算法在测速定轨体制中的应用提供理论依据。利用逐点及多项式算法对两条典型轨道进行性能计算,结果表明:多项式算法能获得比逐点算法更高精度的轨道参数,且该算法数据结构简单、具有一定的实时性。     

Es层对OTHR传播的影响

概述了Es的一般特性,并通过短波超视距雷达在A地—B地反射中点Es场强的计算以及分析,讨论了Es 对OTHR 工作的影响和对策。     

三头部燃烧室点火过程中火焰传播特性研究

为了探讨三头部燃烧室点火过程中的火焰传播特性,建立了矩形模型燃烧试验系统,开展了流动与点火过程中火焰传播特性、当量比对周向点火过程影响规律的研究.研究表明:初始火核主要在中心回流区边界形成,其传播过程具有阶段性,先顺流线方向进行传递,待燃烧强度增大到一定值后,火焰才开始向其他区域延伸;在相同压损下,当量比减小会使得燃烧...     

地月转移自由返回轨道偏差传播分析

地月转移自由返回轨道的稳定性分析对载人登月任务轨道设计及中途修正策略规划有着重要意义。本文在地月会合坐标系下,推导了地月转移自由返回轨道的偏差传递方程,并基于标称轨道数据和解析方法,得到了轨道偏差随时间的扩散规律。研究结果表明:轨道偏差会随着时间推移逐渐增大,特别是在绕月飞行后,偏差量迅速增加,偏差累积将使飞行器无法返回地球。因此,工程实际中不存在严格意义上的自由返回轨道,飞行器在地月飞行过程中必须要进行中途修正。     

Radiation measured during ISS-Expedition 13 with different dosimeters

Radiation in low Earth orbit (LEO) is mainly composed of galactic cosmic rays (GCR), solar energetic particles and particles in SAA (South Atlantic Anomaly). The biological impact of space radiation to astronauts depends strongly on the particles’ linear energy transfer (LET) and is dominated by high LET radiation. It is important to measure the LET spectrum for the space radiation field and to investigate the influence of radiation on astronauts. At present, the preferred active dosimeters sensitive to all LET are the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and the silicon detectors in various configurations; the preferred passive dosimeters are CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) sensitive to high LET and thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) as well as optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) sensitive to low LET. The TEPC, CR-39 PNTDs, TLDs and OSLDs were used to investigate the radiation field for the ISS mission Expedition 13 (ISS-12S) in LEO. LET spectra and radiation quantities (fluence, absorbed dose, dose equivalent and quality factor) were measured for the space mission with different dosimeters. This paper introduces the role of high LET radiation in radiobiology, the operational principles for the different dosimeters, the LET spectrum method using CR-39 detectors, the method to combine the results measured with TLDs/OSLDs and CR-39 PNTDs, and presents the LET spectra and the radiation quantities measured and combined.     

基于主元分析和BP神经网络对刀具VB值预测

对声发射信号进行5层小波分解提取6个频段的能量值,把它与切削速度、切削深度、进给量和切削时间一起作为刀具状态的特征向量.通过主元分析进行降维、消除特征向量间的相关性后,把得到的主元作为BP(Back Propagation)神经网络的输入向量.BP神经网络应用改进的LM(Levenberg-Marquart)算法进行学习,利用输入向量对网络进行训练后,实现对刀具后刀面磨损量VB的预测.实验结果显示:基于主元分析和LM算法改进的BP神经网络建立的预测系统,网络输出与实测VB值的误差0.03以内;根据预测VB值的范围可判别出刀具的不同状态.      

Goddard Robotic Telescope – Optical follow-up of GRBs and coordinated observations of AGNs

Since it is not possible to predict when a Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) will occur or when Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) flaring activity starts, follow-up/monitoring ground telescopes must be located as uniformly as possible all over the world in order to collect data simultaneously with Fermi and Swift detections. However, there is a distinct gap in follow-up coverage of telescopes in the eastern U.S. region based on the operations of Swift. Motivated by this fact, we have constructed a 14″ fully automated optical robotic telescope, Goddard Robotic Telescope (GRT), at the Goddard Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory. The aims of our robotic telescope are (1) to follow-up Swift/Fermi GRBs and (2) to perform the coordinated optical observations of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) AGN. Our telescope system consists of off-the-shelf hardware. With the focal reducer, we are able to match the field of view of Swift narrow instruments (20′ × 20′). We started scientific observations in mid-November 2008 and GRT has been fully remotely operated since August 2009. The 3σ upper limit in a 30 s exposure in the R filter is ∼15.4 mag; however, we can reach to ∼18 mag in a 600 s exposures. Due to the weather condition at the telescope site, our observing efficiency is 30–40% on average.     

主燃级旋流数影响三级旋流燃烧室流动与燃烧特性试验

为了研究主燃级旋流数对三级旋流燃烧室内的流动、燃烧特性,设计了两种不同主燃级旋流数的旋流器,通过粒子图像测速仪(PIV)与火焰自发辐射手段得到了燃烧室的流场和火焰结构。研究结果表明:主燃级旋流数的改变对出口流动以及点熄火极限油气比影响较大,主燃级旋流数增加使回流涡心位置向中心和上游靠近,中心回流区高度增加,出口涡量强度降低,下游中心回流区内侧的回流速度,湍流强度增加,火焰结构对称,成功点火时间减少,主燃级旋流数为0.8的点火极限油气比较主燃级旋流数为0.7在进口流量为200、250、300、350 m3/h各工况对应增加了48%、41%、26%、24%,熄火极限油气比各工况均增加30%以上。燃烧时,火焰呈一定的“V”型张角向外燃烧。点火时,火焰沿着中心回流区边界向内侧发展。      

加载参数对2A12-T4铝合金高温多轴疲劳失效的影响

为研究铝合金材料的高温多轴疲劳失效规律,本文在175℃温度环境下对2A12-T4铝合金实心圆棒试样进行拉扭复合加载试验。在相同的等效Von-Mises应力幅值下,通过观察并记录不同加载循环下的裂纹萌生与扩展情况,研究加载参数（应力幅比λ与相位差φ）对裂纹萌生及扩展影响。试验结果表明,当试样表面存在最大切应力平面时,裂纹优先在最大切应力平面附近萌生并传播,最大切应力平面为危险平面;在λ=0.5、φ=90°这种特殊情况下,试验表面各处切应力相同时,裂纹优先在最大正应力平面附近萌生并传播,最大正应力平面成为危险平面,当正应力主导裂纹传播时,由裂纹萌生至疲劳断裂这一过程仅占总寿命的16.2%,容易发生快速断裂;在λ=0.5、φ=0°和λ=0.5、φ=90°这两种加载条件下,裂纹的传播过程中存在第I阶段向第II阶段转变的过程,断口平整并且存在脆性条纹,断口表现趋向于脆性断裂;当λ=1、φ=90°和λ=√3、φ=0°这两种加载条件下,没有明显的第I阶段向第II阶段的转变,断口存在明显的疲劳源区、扩展区和瞬断区,且凹凸不平,为典型的混合型断裂。     

便携式γ射线照射装置散射辐射特性研究

便携式γ射线照射装置对于提高固定式X、γ辐射剂量仪检定率、解决现场校准难题具有重要意义,利用蒙特卡罗模拟与实验测量协同开展便携式γ射线照射装置散射辐射特性研究。结果表明：蒙特卡罗方法可以模拟得到装置自身的散射辐射,实验测量只能获得照射装置以外辐射场中的散射辐射。利用MCNP程序F4卡和CF卡得到距放射源1 m处照射装置自身的散射贡献分别为13.07 %和4.55 %;反平方律实验和移出实验得到辐射场散射辐射贡献分别为0.2 %和3.94 %,满足ISO 4037-1:2019和GB/T 12162.1-2000的要求。该装置可用于固定式X、γ辐射剂量仪的现场校准。