Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Atmospheric pressure variations at extratropical latitudes associated with Forbush decreases of galactic cosmic rays

Changes of troposphere pressure associated with short-time variations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) taking place in the Northern hemisphere’s cold months (October–March) were analyzed for the period 1980–2006, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data being used. Noticeable pressure variations during Forbush decreases of GCRs were revealed at extratropical latitudes of both hemispheres. The maxima of pressure increase were observed on the 3rd–4th days after the event onsets over Northern Europe and the European part of Russia in the Northern hemisphere, as well as on the 4th–5th days over the eastern part of the South Atlantic opposite Queen Maud Land and over the d’Urville Sea in the Southern Ocean. According to the weather chart analysis, the observed pressure growth, as a rule, results from the weakening of cyclones and intensification of anticyclone development in these areas. The presented results suggest that cosmic ray variations may influence the evolution of extratropical baric systems and play an important role in solar-terrestrial relationships.     

星型齿轮传动非线性动力学建模与动载荷研究

本文建立了星型齿轮传动的弯扭耦合非线性动力学计算模型,模型中考虑了原动机和负载惯性,齿轮副的啮合综合误差,齿轮的偏心误差,时变啮合刚度以及齿轮的啮合间隙。采用适当的广义坐标变换,将线性恢复力和非线性恢复力共存的动力学方程组统一成矩阵形式,用数值解法获得了在有间隙非线性的情况下受强参数激励和多频激励的系统的动态响应和动载荷历程。最后给出了一个算例,讨论了间隙、齿频误差和偏心误差对齿轮系统的响应、动载荷以及各星轮的载荷分配均匀性的影响。并研究了刚度和误差激励和间隙的相互耦合关系,得出了对星型齿轮传动设计和制造有意义的结论。      

某型航改燃机振动特性研究

介绍了某型航改燃机整机振动设计特性及其现场调试并作出试验总结     

出口封闭的冲压发动机进气道激波振荡现象

采用计算流体力学和风洞试验两种手段,对冲压发动机出口封闭的多种超声速进气道内通道气流振荡现象进行了研究。结果表明,在一定的超声速范围内,封闭的进气道内通道发生了较强气流振荡现象,振荡频率、幅值和内通道长度、飞行马赫数有关,该振荡现象是一种自激振荡现象。利用亥姆霍兹共振器频率公式可以对封闭的进气道内通道振荡频率进行预估,并对其归纳出一种修正方法,可以结合模型试验结果对进气道和燃烧室内流振荡频率和幅值进行分析,为飞行试验提供预估和参考。     

某中空长航时无人机机载浮标分离安全性研究

研究机载浮标投放过程中气动干扰特性及浮标运动规律,对机载浮标安全投放方案的设计具有重要意义。采用计算流体力学方法对机载浮标投放过程进行数值模拟。通过动态嵌套网格技术模拟浮标运动,结合刚体六自由度运动方程求解三维非定常 N-S ( Navier-Stokes )方程,模拟基于察/打一体无人机平台的浮标自由投放过程,获得详细的包括浮标运动姿态、运动轨迹和受力情况等在内的数据信息;通过算例,验证本文数值模拟程序的准确性。结果表明:浮标投放过程中,轻质浮标口盖自由分离会对螺旋桨后推式无人机的安全性造成重大影响;考虑浮标口盖固连在浮标降落伞上的状态下,初速度为 0m / s 时投放浮标整体(包含浮标、降落伞、口盖)离螺旋桨最近距离为 0.151m ,安全余量不够;初速度为 1.8m / s 时投放浮标整体离螺旋桨最近距离为 0.671m ,满足投放安全性要求。     

基于空间算子代数的航天器多体动力学递推实时仿真算法

进一步发展了空间算子代数符号体系,给出了一组坐标系无关空间矢量,张量和矢阵符号表示和相应的坐标投影规则.基于空间算子代数符号体系,推导了适用于航天器实时仿真的无根、树状拓扑、开环多体动力学递推算法,并根据投影规则给出了递推算法在惯性坐标系的投影方程.新的空间算子代数符号体系有符号定义严格,推导过程力学概念清晰,推导结果易于实时仿真程序实现的优点.推导的递推算法非常适合于正逆混合问题和变拓扑问题的求解,可以满足多体航天器动力学实时仿真的要求.     

多场耦合计算平台与高超声速热防护结构传热问题研究

从有限元法(FEM)和有限体积法(FVM)的单元特性出发,提出一种具有局部守恒特性的界面载荷插值方法.采用共享内存技术开发适用于通用有限元和计算流体力学(CFD)软件的多场耦合计算平台,并基于分区耦合方式实现流固耦合传热计算.作为验证,分别将ANSYS与Fluent和CFD-FASTRAN软件进行耦合,计算外壁冷却的喷...     

近地球赤道面轨道上磁性刚体卫星的混沌运动

讨论地球磁场中非自旋磁性刚体卫星在近赤道平面圆轨道上平面天平动的混沌问题.利用Melnikov方法预测出现混沌的可能性并数值验证混沌的存在性.研究表明地球磁场的周期扰动能引起卫星的混沌运动,扰动增大则混沌加强.     

多旋翼无人机弹药发射过程扰动响应特性

针对多旋翼无人机弹药发射过程的扰动响应问题,建立了弹药发射过程无人机飞行动力学模型。在考虑了基本增稳增控飞行控制的条件下,分析了弹药安装位置、质量、反冲量大小和倾斜发射角等参数对发射过程无人机位置、高度和姿态扰动响应的影响规律。分析表明:对于弹药水平发射,纵向安装位置对无人机水平位置扰动幅值具有重要影响,适当后置弹药安装位置可减小无人机位置扰动幅值,在其他参数一定的条件下,存在无人机位置扰动最小的弹药纵向安装位置。对于弹药倾斜发射,给出了无人机水平位置扰动幅值关于弹药安装位置和倾斜发射角的等值图,可为无人机和弹药的匹配选型问题提供参考。