航空用燃气发生器和高温放气阀的设计原则及试验

分析了燃气发生器和高温放气阀的作用及必要性,阐述了两者的设计思路,提出了有关的设计原则,并根据该原则设计研制出了满足技术指标的燃气发生器和高温放气阀.对两者进行一系列试验,验证了设计原则的正确性.结果表明:燃气发生器在最小空气流量为0.025kg/s,最高燃气工作温度为950℃,燃气温度波动范围为±10℃,实现稳定工作;高温放气阀在1200℃时能实现不漏气、灵活可靠的工作.上述技术指标均高于我国目前地面上使用的、车用的同类试验设备.利用该两项试验设备,可准确、完整地得到涡轮增压器特性,为实现航空活塞发动机的优良高空性能提供了依据.      

某型火工解锁装置降冲击设计与试验验证

某型火工解锁装置主要用于星上大型载荷的连接和分离,针对其解锁冲击大的情况开展了降冲击理论研究,完成了基于蜂窝缓冲原理的降冲击改进设计。试验验证表明,改进前后的冲击峰值由大于11 000g降低到1500g以下,降冲击设计效果明显。     

多拦截器总体拦截方案设计与分析

多拦截器(MKV,Multiple Kill Vehicle Interceptor)通过采用一个运载母仓携带多个小型动能拦截器对目标实施动能拦截,有望克服传统动能拦截武器多目标识别及拦截的难题.以MKV对远程弹道导弹多弹头中段拦截为背景,设计了MKV的总体方案,分析了MKV基本作战流程;并分别针对MKV制导策略、释放策略、MKV机动能力对拦截的影响以及MKV目标分配策略等几个关键问题开展研究.仿真分析表明,采用所设计的MKV方案能够实现对远程弹道导弹多弹头的拦截.     

基于轨迹特性的中段目标识别方法

针对中段弹道目标群运动时的真假目标识别问题,提出一种基于轨迹特性的弹道目标识别方法。该方法通过雷达观测数据还原出弹道目标运动轨迹,根据轨迹交点个数判断诱饵是单次还是多次释放模式,分别提出基于弹道参数和权值交点的识别途径,结合雷达观测弹道目标数目,归纳了基于轨迹特性中段弹道目标综合识别策略。仿真实验表明该方法的正确性并分析了雷达测量误差及布站位置等因素对识别结果的影响。     

含非线性特性的卫星压紧释放机构动力学研究

针对卫星新型压紧释放机构的局部非线性特性,建立局部非线性结构模型,通过模拟加载得到局部非线性结构的力-位移曲线,根据实际结构的工作情况定义结构等效刚度载荷和位移限制的选取原则,并求解结构等效刚度取值区间,最后针对天线动力学特性开展区间不确定性分析.分析结果与试验结果能够很好地吻合,天线基频误差在10％以内,满足工程应用...     

含裂纹复合材料单向板的断裂分析

 针对纤维增强复合材料单向板的脆性断裂,建立了能量释放率分析模型,提出了断裂准则。并分析了一种玻璃/环氧复合材料单向板的断裂。结果表明:理论预测的临界载荷和实验结果吻合良好。     

某RLV飞行器投放轨迹的设计与分析

对于可重复使用发射式飞行器RLV(Reusable Launch Vehicles)设计投放轨迹,并作轨迹特性分析.根据投放几何和飞行器性能约束确定目标轨迹,将轨迹分为四个阶段,分别为:消耗多余能量的S型转弯段;改变飞行器航向并转向航向校正圆柱HAC (Heading Alignment Cylinder)的过渡飞行段;航向校正圆柱段;进一步调整能量以满足终端要求的着陆前飞行段.在各段衔接处设置窗口检查,在轨迹仿真过程中对轨迹进行进一步调整,得到投放轨迹.作为导航和控制的参考轨迹,还对飞行器进行了沿轨迹的操稳性分析和检查.结果表明所建立的轨迹设计方法能够提供满意的精度;轨迹对常值扰动敏感,对高频扰动不敏感.     

Convection of liquid with internal heat release in a rotating container

The convection of heat-generating fluid in a rotating horizontal cylinder is experimentally investigated. The threshold of convection excitation, the structure of convective flows and the heat transfer in the cylinder depending on the heat release capacity, liquid viscosity and aspect ratio of the cavity are studied. It is found that the average convection is excited by the thermovibrational mechanism —the gravity force, rotating in the cavity frame, produces the oscillations of non-isothermal fluid relative to the wall, which in turn result in excitation of mean convective flows. It is shown that the structure of convective flows depends on the dimensionless velocity of rotation. At relatively low rotation velocity the convection develops in the form of a periodic system of vortices regularly distributed along the cylinder axis. The threshold of excitation (critical value of vibration parameter) of three-dimensional vortex structures grows with rotation velocity. Above some definite rotation velocity the convection develops as two-dimensional rolls parallel to the axis of rotation. The threshold of two-dimensional structures excitation does not depend on the rotation velocity. Besides the structure of thermal convective flows the analysis of the relatively weak currents generated by the inertial waves below the threshold of convection is performed.     

Modeling and identification of an electro-mechanical system: The LISA grabbing positioning and release mechanism case

In the frame of space missions, mechanisms often constitute critical systems whose functionality and performance need to be tested on ground before the mission launch. The LISA scientific space mission will detect gravitational waves by measuring the relative displacement of pairs of free-floating test masses set into geodesic motion onboard of three spacecrafts. Inside each satellite, the injection of the test masses from the caged configuration into the geodesic trajectory will be performed by the grabbing positioning and release mechanism. To provide a successful injection, the test masses must be dynamically released with a minimal residual velocity against adhesion with the holding device. A parameter that determines the test mass residual velocity is the quickness of the retraction of the holding device. The need arises then to characterize the dynamic response of the release mechanism in order to predict its behaviour in the in-flight conditions. Once a validated model of the mechanism is available, the compliance of the system to the tight requirement on the maximum allowed residual velocity of the test mass may be verified. Starting from an electro-mechanical model of the mechanism dynamics, this paper presents the results of the experimental identification of its relevant parameters.     

热刀式压紧释放装置释放可靠性验证试验及评估方法

介绍热刀式压紧释放装置的功能及工作原理,确定该型压紧释放装置的释放可靠性特征量为核心元件＂热刀＂的可使用次数。基于＂热刀＂元件使用次数服从泊松分布的基本假设,提出该型压紧释放装置的释放可靠性验证试验及评估方法,包括选择试验方法、确定试验件的状态、试验条件、试验程序、故障判据及可靠性评估方法,并给出了应用示例,可为其释放可靠性评估提供技术途径。