液滴碰撞聚合模型及其在喷雾燃烧流场中的应用

基于平滑粒子流体动力学方法的思想，建立了新的描述液滴间碰撞和聚合过程的数学模型，将相互碰撞的液滴局限在其周围一定数目的液滴之间，并对液滴间碰撞的概率进行了重新定义。数值计算结果表明：模型从根本上摆脱了O’Rourke模型对计算网格的依赖性，大幅度提高了计算效率和精度。在此基础上考虑液滴的变形、破碎及相变过程，采用Euler—Lagrangian方法和有限化学反应速率模型，对RBCC引射模态进行了三维两相喷雾燃烧流场数值模拟，并和实验数据进行了对比。结果表明：在RBCC自由引射模态，二次燃料喷射位置的适当后移会使燃料利用率提高，引射比增加，引射火箭推力增加。     

无人机防相撞空中威胁态势的探测与告警研究

空中威胁态势探测与告警是无人机飞行防相撞预警的关键。为此,提出一种基于航迹预测的无人机防相撞空中威胁态势探测与告警方法。在该方法中,先采用滑动窗多项式拟合法对入侵机航迹进行动态预测,然后,在航迹预测基础上,利用无人机与入侵机飞行信息,建立针对入侵机的无人机动态避撞区,最后,结合静态保护区原理,对特定飞行场景下的无人机飞行冲突趋势、空中危险接近趋势和飞行碰撞趋势的探测与告警。仿真实例验证了所提出方法的有效性,也验证了其用于无人机飞行防相撞预警的可行性。     

Observation campaign dedicated to 1968-081E fragments identification

This paper proposes a comprehensive approach to associate origins of space objects newly discovered during optical surveys in the geostationary region with spacecraft breakup events. A recent study has shown that twelve breakup events would be occurred in the geostationary region. The proposed approach utilizes orbital debris modeling techniques to effectively conduct prediction, detection, and classification of breakup fragments. Two techniques are applied to get probable results for origin identifications. First, we select an observation point where a high detection rate for one breakup event among others can be expected. Second, we associate detected tracklets, which denotes the signals associated with a physical object, with the prediction results according to their angular velocities. The second technique investigates which breakup event a tracklet would belong to, and its probability by using the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm.     

航天器碰撞概率计算方法研究进展

针对碰撞检测与预报问题,对航天器碰撞概率计算方法的研究现状进行了总结分析。归纳了航天器线性及非线性相对运动条件下典型碰撞概率计算方法的特点及适用性;为满足某些特殊任务的碰撞预警实时性要求,讨论了瞬时碰撞概率及最大瞬时碰撞概率计算方法。通过对研究现状的分析,提出了现阶段碰撞概率计算方法中存在的问题及未来发展方向,可为未来轨迹安全问题的研究和技术发展提供参考     

先进的机场场面导向和控制系统浅析

放眼全球化的当今社会,航空交通密度日益增大,机场运营繁忙,部分枢纽型机场的吞吐量逐渐趋近饱和。这种现状对先进的机场场面导向和控制系统提出了更高的要求。与传统的机场导向和控制系统SMGCS(Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)相比,先进的机场场面导向和控制系统A-SMGCS(Advanced-Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)功能分为四部分:监视、路由、导向及控制。将对A-SMGCS的应用背景和发展状况给出较为全面的调研总结[1],并结合ICAOA-SMGCS Manual[3]论述对A-SMGCS提出详细功能需求,最后在此基础上提出A-SMGCS的系统功能架构。     

非均匀速度来流条件下液体射流喷雾特性

实验研究了非均匀速度来流条件下液体横向射流喷雾特性.实验利用多孔板实现速度的不均匀,应用片光照相得到喷雾中心截面照片,使用相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)测量液滴的直径和速度.实验结果表明:在非均匀速度来流中,射流的弯曲和破碎机理有所不同,导致穿透深度和雾化特性发生改变.与均匀速度来流相比,正速度梯度来流时射流穿透深度...     

Radiative transitions in few-electron quasi-molecules

The review is aimed at the discussion of recent results on spectral profiles produced in collisions of few-electron atoms/ions. Calculations of spectral profiles produced by atom/ion collisions need some preliminary quantum-chemical information such as potential energy surfaces, dipole transition moments, etc. The main advantage of few-electron systems is that all input data can be obtained ab initio or analytically, thus the profiles calculated do not include any fit parameters. Two specific examples have been discussed. The first one deals with radiative transitions accompanying charge-exchange in collisions of one-electron ions with bare nuclei. The second example concerns radiative transitions produced by H⁻ + H collisions.     

Space Debris Reentry Analysis Methods and Tools

The reentry of uncontrolled spacecraft may be broken into many pieces of debris at an altitude in the range of 75-85 km. The surviving fragments could pose great hazard and risk to ground and people. In recent years, methods and tools for predicting and analyzing debris reentry and ground risk assessment have been studied and developed in National Aeronautics and Space Ad-ministration (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA) and other organizations, including the group of the present authors. This paper reviews the current progress on this topic of debris reentry briefly. We outline the Monte Carlo method for uncertainty analysis, breakup prediction, and parameters affecting survivability of debris. The existing analysis tools can be classified into two categories, i.e. the object-oriented and the spacecraft-oriented methods, the latter being more accurate than the first one. The past object-oriented tools include objects of only simple shapes. For more realistic simulation, here we present an object-oriented tool debris reentry and ablation prediction system (DRAPS) developed by the present authors, which introduces new object shapes to 15 types, as well as 51 predefined motions and relevant aerodynamic and aerothermal models. The aerodynamic and aerothermal models in DRAPS are validated using direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method.     

Active collision avoidance maneuver under constant thrust

In this paper, the relative position parameters of the target spacecraft are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target maneuver positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. Furthermore, new switch control laws under constant thrust are designed for active collision avoidance maneuver of the chaser along a specified trajectory. The switch control laws are obtained based on the acceleration sequences and the working times of thrusters in three axes which can be respectively computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the working times.     

NASA空间碎片模型

介绍ＮＡＳＡ为预示空间碎片环境未来发展趋势所建立的空间模型（包括通用模型和专用模型）及其适用范围。通用模型包括ＯＲＤＥＭ９６、ＢＵＭＰＥＲＩＩ、ＥＶＯＬＶＥ、ＣＨＡＩＮ和ＤＡＳ；专用模型包括ＮＡＳＡ碎片模型、弹道限制方程和轨道计算模型等。这些模型不仅可用于评估当前的碎片环境，而且还可评估载人与无人航天器在轨运行时的碎片碰撞风险。