Fixed-time position coordinated tracking control for spacecraft formation flying with collision avoidance

In this paper, the fixed-time stability of spacecraft formation reconfiguration (position tracking) is studied. Firstly, a novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed and based on which a fixed-time coordinated controller is designed to keep the closed-loop system states have a finite settling time bounded by some predefined constants. Secondly, another nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed by combining the artificial potential function and the aforementioned sliding surface, which meets the mutual distance constraint during transition process among spacecraft when it is bounded. Then another coordinated controller with fixed-time observer considering mutual distance constraint is presented, which guarantees the closed-loop system states stable also in bounded settling time. Finally, simulation results are shown to validate the correctness of the proposed theorems. It is worth mentioning that the control schemes also work even though there is a properly limit on the control input.     

空间物体解体碎片云的长期演化建模与分析

空间碎片云由空间物体解体产生的大量空间碎片组成,由于其相对集中地分布在有限的空间内,将会对临近航天器产生较大的碰撞威胁。为了分析解体碎片云长期分布特点,文章首先利用数值积分方法对空间碎片云短期分布规律进行了研究;在此基础上,针对处于环状分布的碎片云,根据碎片所在的轨道高度和具有的面质比值,将碎片划分到不同分组,以每个组作为研究对象,建立了描述碎片云在大气阻力作用下的解析演化模型。模型避免了对单个解体碎片的运动状态进行积分,可大大降低对计算资源和计算时间的需求。考虑在高度为1422km 圆轨道上运行的物体,解体产生了1780个碎片,利用解析演化模型得到碎片云未来50年内的演化分布状态。数值结果表明,碎片云的峰值密度在解体物体轨道高度附近,并在大气阻力作用下向更大高度区间内扩散;较低高度区间内碎片密度具有先增加,然后在大气阻力作用下不断减少的特点。     

空间大型末端执行器捕获动力学与实验研究

以绳索式末端执行器为研究对象,基于离散化方法,采用六维弹簧柔性连接方式建立了绳索动力学模型,并引入绳索与目标间的非线性接触碰撞力和摩擦力模型,获得末端执行器捕获动力学模型,并设计了末端捕获冲击实验,验证了模型的正确性。所建模型可充分考虑绳索的空间运动状态以及捕获过程中绳索与目标间的接触碰撞过程,基于此模型可预示并预防捕获过程中瞬时的较大冲击。对于机构设计和控制器调试具有一定意义,并可作为物理试验的有效补充,解决我国未来空间大型目标捕获任务地面试验验证困难的问题。     

Robust formation control for missiles with obstacle avoidance

This paper investigates the robust formation control for missiles with obstacle avoidance.A sliding mode surface that is asymptotically stable is firstly presented by the collision avoidance potential function and hyperbolic tangent function. Based on the sliding mode surface, a robust formation controller with obstacle avoidance is designed for missiles. To improve the convergence rate,a finite-time controller which can deal with the formation control for missiles is given using an improved sli...     

星座设计中避免卫星碰撞问题的研究

随着小卫星技术的发展 ,越来越多的航天任务采用小卫星星座来完成 ,在星座的设计过程中需要考虑的因素众多。本文从星座运行的安全性角度 ,分析了星座中卫星发生碰撞的机会和碰撞概率 ,对星座中存在的卫星之间可能发生的碰撞问题进行了研究 ,并提出了解决方法     

Uncertainty-aware Cube algorithm for medium-term collision risk assessment

The number of Earth orbiting objects is constantly growing, and some orbital regions are becoming risky environments for space assets of interest, which are increasingly threatened by accidental collisions with other objects, especially in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO). Collision risk assessment is performed by various methods, both covariance and non-covariance based. The Cube algorithm is a non-covariance-based method used to estimate the collision rates between space objects, whose concept consists in dividing the space in cubes of fixed dimension and, at each time instant, checking if two or more objects share the same cube. Up to now its application has been limited to the long-term scenarios of orbital debris evolutionary models, where considering the uncertainties is not necessary and impractical. Within operative contexts, instead, medium-term collision risk analysis may be an important task, in which the propagation-related uncertainties play a prominent role, but the timescale poses challenges for the application of standard covariance-based conjunction analysis techniques. In this framework, this paper presents an approach for the evaluation of the medium-term collision frequency for objects in LEO, called Uncertainty-aware Cube method. It is a modified version of the Cube, able to take the possible errors in the space objects’ position into account for the detection of the conjunctions. As an object’s orbit is propagated, the along-track position error grows more and more, and each object could potentially be in a different position with respect to the one determined by numerical propagation and, thus, in a different cube. Considering the uncertainties, at each time instant the algorithm associates more than one cube to each object and checks if they share at least one cube. If so, a conjunction is detected and a degree of confidence is evaluated. The performance of the method is assessed in different LEO scenarios and compared to the original Cube method.     

碰撞概率对轨道误差和接近几何条件的灵敏度分析

基于显式表达式对碰撞概率的灵敏度进行解析分析,给出其对接近距离的RSW分量、轨道误差、接近角度和目标大小的两类灵敏度（绝对灵敏度和相对灵敏度）。以美俄卫星碰撞事件为例进行计算和分析,得到灵敏度的变化曲线和数值。该解析方法可以克服数值分析方法中普遍存在的使用不便、计算量大、精度不高等问题。     

掺混长直链烷烃对航空煤油雾化性能影响

将藻基生物航空煤油加工过程的中间产物C13~C18分别与航空煤油按10%比例进行掺混,对掺混燃油的喷雾雾化性能进行了对比研究。结果表明:随掺混直链烷烃碳数增加,对燃油喷雾雾化影响逐渐增大。其中按10%比例掺混直链烷烃C18:雾化锥角最大减幅为5.07%;液滴平均速度最大变化17.6%;索泰尔平均直径最大变化15%;Ohnesorge数和韦伯数随着喷射压力增加而明显变化,会对液滴二次破碎产生影响。总体来说,加入长直链烷烃会对航空煤油的雾化性能产生一定的影响。      

无人机防相撞空中威胁态势的探测与告警研究

空中威胁态势探测与告警是无人机飞行防相撞预警的关键。为此,提出一种基于航迹预测的无人机防相撞空中威胁态势探测与告警方法。在该方法中,先采用滑动窗多项式拟合法对入侵机航迹进行动态预测,然后,在航迹预测基础上,利用无人机与入侵机飞行信息,建立针对入侵机的无人机动态避撞区,最后,结合静态保护区原理,对特定飞行场景下的无人机飞行冲突趋势、空中危险接近趋势和飞行碰撞趋势的探测与告警。仿真实例验证了所提出方法的有效性,也验证了其用于无人机飞行防相撞预警的可行性。     

空间碎片预警中的碰撞概率方法研究

由于空间碎片对飞行在地球轨道上的航天器危害日益严重,所以必须采取一些有效的防护措施,对于那些直径大于10 cm的碎片,通常是采用主动规避的方法来进行防护.为了避免传统的Box判据造成的过多错误预警,碰撞概率模型开始被应用于空间碎片预警,本文以空间站为例,将碰撞概率方法与传统Box区域判定法进行比较,介绍碰撞概率计算模型的建立方法,基于位置误差矩阵的碰撞概率Pc的算法,并针对实际交会事例进行了计算和分析.