发动机喷流对飞行器底部流动影响数值模拟

针对发动机燃气喷流对底部流动的影响开展研究。建立冷喷与热喷计算方法,与经典的高压空气尾喷管喷流试验数据进行了对比,验证了本文建立的三维喷流方法的可靠性。对本文选用的飞行器外形采用冷喷与热喷方法开展了对比计算并与飞行试验值进行比较,分析了两种方法结果的差异。采用热喷方法对来流马赫数 2.5 ,不同飞行高度及喷管进口总压开展计算,研究飞行高度及喷管进口总压对发动机喷流及底部流场的影响。结果表明,保持飞行高度、来流马赫数不变,喷管进口总压增加,底部压力系数逐渐提高。燃气质量浓度最大值位于底部空腔的壁面处,且保持一个恒定值。保持喷管进口总压、来流马赫数不变,飞行高度增加,喷流高速区向后移动且中心区最大马赫数增加。在一定飞行高度下,底部压力系数由负转正,即飞行器底部会出现正推力,这对飞行器的射程会产生重要影响,需要提前评估。     

连线干涉测量信号处理方法及实验验证

干涉测量技术是深空探测任务中高精度获取导航数据观测量的重要技术手段。阐述连线干涉测量原理,详细推导干涉测量信号处理算法,用于准确提取反映航天器测角信息的时延观测量。分析信号处理数学模型,通过仿真验证算法的有效性。由于连线干涉测量具有严格的时间同步特性,同时消除了传播介质公共误差对信号的影响,通过搭建连线干涉测量实验系统实际采集地球同步卫星信号进行分析,结果表明实验成功获取了清晰的干涉条纹,得到高精度的时延观测量信息,从而验证了连线干涉测量信号处理方法的有效性。     

飞船降落伞系统的可靠性建模

飞船降落伞系统中设计有主伞包开关判别和速度判别两个主伞系状态监测装置,这使得飞船降落伞系统具有其自身特点.主伞包开关判别和速度判别装置各自具有两类任务可靠性,且它们各自的监测范围不同.采用冷贮备模型描述飞船降落伞系统可靠性时,需基于一定的假设,不能准确地描述飞船降落伞系统的可靠性.为此,在分析飞船降落伞系统自身特点和冷贮备模型局限性的基础上,采用事件树方法,建立了飞船降落伞系统的可靠性事件树和更为准确的可靠性数学模型.该模型更具一般性,能更准确地反映飞船降落伞系统的可靠性.     

线性聚酰亚胺粉末冷等静压成型模拟及验证

文摘为了实现聚酰亚胺模塑粉的等静压近净成形,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对线性聚酰亚胺模塑粉的冷等静压(CIP)成型过程进行了模拟分析,利用Cam-Clay模型分析了圆柱体和长方体结构冷等静压成型前后的尺寸变化,并进行检验。结果显示圆柱体模拟与实验结果的误差在2.5%以内,长方体误差控制在4%以内,表明该模拟分析较准确预测了制件的尺寸变化。     

高效空间应用燃料电池热能利用技术研究

首先介绍了空间应用燃料电池高效散热及温控技术。高精度控温主要是利用被动散热技术,将产生的热量快速传导至外部冷却介质,从而保证产热面的温度均匀性,实现电池稳定工作。通过嵌入式被动散热和双端散热的冷却方式,实现电堆内部最大温差小于5℃,换热系数达1000W/(m·K)。     

Current status and future plans for the general antiparticle spectrometer (GAPS)

We discuss current progress and future plans for the general antiparticle spectrometer experiment (GAPS). GAPS detects antideuterons through the X-rays and pions emitted during the deexcitation of exotic atoms formed when the antideuterons are slowed down and stopped in targets. GAPS provides an exceptionally sensitive means to detect cosmic-ray antideuterons. Cosmic-ray antideuterons can provide indirect evidence for the existence of dark matter in such form as neutralinos or Kaluza–Klein particles. We describe results of accelerator testing of GAPS prototypes, tentative design concepts for a flight GAPS detector, and near-term plans for flying a GAPS prototype on a balloon.     

220GHz返波振荡器高频特性及互作用研究

文章对220GHz折叠波导慢波电路的返波传输特性进行了研究。介绍了返波振荡器的工作原理,结合模拟仿真和理论分析,针对220GHz的返波振荡器,研究各个参数对冷特性的影响。对220GHz返波振荡器的高频结构进行了初步设计,给出了结构参数以及相应的模拟结果。结果表明在不考虑损耗的情况下,设计的结构可以在中心频率220GHz处获得约为0．5W的功率,可调谐范围是30GHz,调谐电压范围为5．5kV-12kV。     

Antideuterons as an indirect dark matter signature: Si(Li) detector development and a GAPS balloon mission

The General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a novel approach for indirect dark matter searches that exploits cosmic antideuterons. GAPS complements existing and planned direct dark matter searches as well as other indirect techniques, probing a different and unique region of parameter space in a variety of proposed dark matter models. The GAPS method involves capturing antiparticles into a target material with the subsequent formation of an excited exotic atom. The exotic atom decays with the emission of atomic X-rays and pions from the nuclear annihilation, which uniquely identifies the captured antiparticle. This technique has been verified through the accelerator testing at KEK in 2004 and 2005. The prototype flight is scheduled from Hokkaido, Japan in 2011, preparatory for a long duration balloon flight from the Antarctic in 2014.     

自主火星探测高集成离子与中性粒子分析仪

小型化、高集成化是深空探测载荷发展的主要趋势。在我国自主火星探测计划中,设计了一种高集成化的火星离子与中性粒子分析仪。采用从传感器到电子学进行最大限度共用的设计思路,在一台仪器中实现对离子和能量中性原子进行能量、方向和成分的探测,大大降低了仪器对卫星平台的资源需求。仪器采取静电分析进行离子的方向和能量测量、采取飞行时间方法进行离子成分的测量。中性原子采用电离板电离成带电离子,后端的能量测量和成分测量与离子相同。鉴定件样机已经完成了初步的测试定标,结果表明其满足设计要求。     

InfraRed Astronomy Satellite Swarm Interferometry (IRASSI): Overview and study results

The far-infrared (FIR) regime is one of the few wavelength ranges where no astronomical data with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution exist yet. Neither of the medium-term satellite projects like SPICA, Millimetron or OST will resolve this malady. For many research areas, however, information at high spatial and spectral resolution in the FIR, taken from atomic fine-structure lines, from highly excited carbon monoxide (CO) and especially from water lines would open the door for transformative science. These demands call for interferometric concepts. We present here first results of our feasibility study IRASSI (Infrared Astronomy Satellite Swarm Interferometry) for an FIR space interferometer. Extending on the principal concept of the previous study ESPRIT, it features heterodyne interferometry within a swarm of five satellite elements. The satellites can drift in and out within a range of several hundred meters, thereby achieving spatial resolutions of <0.1 arcsec over the whole wavelength range of 1–6 THz. Precise knowledge on the baselines will be ensured by metrology methods employing laser-based optical frequency combs, for which preliminary ground-based tests have been designed by members of our study team. We first give a motivation on how the science requirements translate into operational and design parameters for IRASSI. Our consortium has put much emphasis on the navigational aspects of such a free-flying swarm of satellites operating in relatively close vicinity. We hence present work on the formation geometry, the relative dynamics of the swarm, and aspects of our investigation towards attitude estimation. Furthermore, we discuss issues regarding the real-time capability of the autonomous relative positioning system, which is an important aspect for IRASSI where, due to the large raw data rates expected, the interferometric correlation has to be done onboard, in quasi-real-time. We also address questions regarding the spacecraft architecture and how a first thermomechanical model is used to study the effect of thermal perturbations on the spacecraft. This will have implications for the necessary internal calibration of the local tie between the laser metrology and the phase centres of the science signals and will ultimately affect the accuracy of the baseline estimations.