吸力面翼刀控制压气机叶栅二次流的实验研究

在低速风洞上通过详细测量叶栅的出口流场 ,研究了叶片吸力面上不同高度处加翼刀对压气机叶栅损失和二次流的影响。实验结果表明 ,合理地选择翼刀安装位置 ,可有效地控制压气机叶栅的二次流 ,降低叶栅的总损失。     

翼刀附面层控制二次流技术的研究现状及发展前景

翼刀技术是附面层控制技术的一种，主要是通过有效阻断端壁附面层或叶片吸力面附面层近端壁处低能流体的横向迁移或径向迁移以及反向翼刀涡的影响来控制二次流。国外对此项研究起步较早，重点集中在对汽轮机叶栅的实验研究上；而国内在近几年，才开始了对压气机叶栅中应用翼刀技术的实验和计算研究工作。     

月球着陆器用金属橡胶高低温力学性能试验研究

金属橡胶作为一种有弹性的阻尼元件首次用在月球着陆器原理样机中。采用Э 71型低温万能拉伸实验机对圆环状金属橡胶试件进行了月球温度范围内的准静态刚度实验,得出了力 位移实验曲线。采用最小二乘法对试验曲线进行了数据拟合,用Matlab编程计算得出了金属橡胶试件力 位移回归方程。采用自由衰减法和冲击实验法分别对金属橡胶试件高、低温阻尼比和动力学特性进行了测试,最后得出了金属橡胶适合于用做月球着陆器中缓冲元件的结论。     

子午扩张流道中叶片积叠线形式对损失的影响

采用全三维粘性流N－S方程程序，对具有大扩张角中间机匣的某型涡轮 低压导向器叶栅中的流场进行了数值模拟。在子午面型线不变的条件下，导向器叶栅采用了10种不同变曲和倾斜形式的叶片。计算结果表明：导向器叶栅采用不同积叠线形式的叶片，对导向器叶栅出口截面上通道涡的位置，强度和尺度以及能量损失的影响是显著的，采用适度的正弯或正倾斜叶片可降低导向器叶栅的能量损失。     

攻击机编队对地攻击之伤亡评估

攻击机编队对地攻击是现代战争的主要攻击方式之一,但同时也受到各种防空火力的反击,文中针对防空火力对攻击机编队的各种反击方式,分析了攻击机的伤亡情况。     

端壁翼刀控制压气机叶栅二次流的数值研究

对CDA常规直叶栅和4种端壁翼刀方案下叶栅内三维粘性流场进行了数值研究。分析表明,端壁不同位置上的翼刀不同程度上都阻断了近端壁区域压力面至吸力面的二次流动,翼刀上方偏向吸力面侧有反向"翼刀涡"产生,通道涡的强度被削弱;距压力面30%节距位置为安装端壁翼刀的最佳位置,可使损失降低7%～9%。计算结果和实验结果吻合较好。      

弹体接头对全弹结构动力特性影响研究

在对导弹结构的固有动力特性和响应分析中,我们会发现,轴向分布的接头对于全弹的刚度和阻尼特性都带来明显的扰动,对固有频率的影响最大甚至可达25%左右.所以我们必须对导弹弹体接头的动力特性及它对全弹动力特性的影响做深入研究,从而有效地确定全弹动力特性和数学模型,可靠地控制全弹的结构动力响应特性 [1].     

带扩压叶片的蜗壳流场计算与分析

利用CFD技术,分析了某氧化剂泵蜗壳的截面形状、截面面积变化规律,以及扩压叶片和隔舌相对位置对水力损失的影响。流场计算结果表明,选取合适的截面面积变化规律可以使水力损失显著减小,提高水力性能;扩压叶片与隔舌相对位置对扩散段流场的分布有影响,适当调整可以减小水力损失。     

A Comparative Study of the Influence of the Active Young Sun on the Early Atmospheres of Earth, Venus, and Mars

Because the solar radiation and particle environment plays a major role in all atmospheric processes such as ionization, dissociation, heating of the upper atmospheres, and thermal and non-thermal atmospheric loss processes, the long-time evolution of planetary atmospheres and their water inventories can only be understood within the context of the evolving Sun. We compare the effect of solar induced X-ray and EUV (XUV) heating on the upper atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars since the time when the Sun arrived at the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence (ZAMS) about 4.6 Gyr ago. We apply a diffusive-gravitational equilibrium and thermal balance model for studying heating of the early thermospheres by photodissociation and ionization processes, due to exothermic chemical reactions and cooling by IR-radiating molecules like CO₂, NO, OH, etc. Our model simulations result in extended thermospheres for early Earth, Venus and Mars. The exospheric temperatures obtained for all the three planets during this time period lead to diffusion-limited hydrodynamic escape of atomic hydrogen and high Jeans’ escape rates for heavier species like H₂, He, C, N, O, etc. The duration of this blow-off phase for atomic hydrogen depends essentially on the mixing ratios of CO₂, N₂ and H₂O in the atmospheres and could last from ∼100 to several hundred million years. Furthermore, we study the efficiency of various non-thermal atmospheric loss processes on Venus and Mars and investigate the possible protecting effect of the early martian magnetosphere against solar wind induced ion pick up erosion. We find that the early martian magnetic field could decrease the ion-related non-thermal escape rates by a great amount. It is possible that non-magnetized early Mars could have lost its whole atmosphere due to the combined effect of its extended upper atmosphere and a dense solar wind plasma flow of the young Sun during about 200 Myr after the Sun arrived at the ZAMS. Depending on the solar wind parameters, our model simulations for early Venus show that ion pick up by strong solar wind from a non-magnetized planet could erode up to an equivalent amount of ∼250 bar of O⁺ ions during the first several hundred million years. This accumulated loss corresponds to an equivalent mass of ∼1 terrestrial ocean (TO (1 TO ∼1.39×10²⁴ g or expressed as partial pressure, about 265 bar, which corresponds to ∼2900 m average depth)). Finally, we discuss and compare our findings with the results of preceding studies.     

涡轮轮毂封严冷气对主流影响实验研究

本文针对不同冷气量和不同冷气喷入角组合工况下涡轮轮毂封严冷气对主流影响进行了实验研究,在一列低速涡轮平面叶栅上对不同工况下的叶栅出口流场、通道流场进行了测试。实验结果表明:在1.0%～1.8%冷气量下,1.0%冷气量沿45°喷入对主流影响最小,涡轮叶栅气动性能最优。