阴影环境下陆地移动卫星信道模型及仿真研究

在对陆地移动卫星信道传播特性分析的基础上,建立阴影环境下移动卫星信道的混合模型,并采用随机数产生器实现了该信道模型的统计特性仿真。通过与实测数据的统计特性进行比较,验证了该信道模型和仿真实现方法的正确性。由于移动卫星信道是一个复杂的时变随机信道,所以,通过随机数产生器产生的统计特性具有很好的普适性。     

太阳闪烁影响下的星际通信链路参数设计

针对太阳闪烁作用于星际通信链路而产生的幅度闪烁、频谱扩展、相位闪烁、时延扩展问题,提出一种适用于星际通信链路的参数设计方法。该方法根据通信链路与太阳的几何关系,计算太阳风中等离子体作用于无线电波的幅度统计特性、时间谱特性,将计算结果作为通信链路的频率选择、传输信号带宽设计、调制方式选择、锁相环路带宽设计的约束条件,并以某空间探测任务为例进行了S、X、Ka三种频段下的信号传输性能仿真分析,结果表明,在太阳闪烁指数m<0.3的情况下,采用Ka频段+8PSK调制相结合的方式,对于太阳闪烁的抵抗能力最强。该方法设计的参数能够降低太阳闪烁对通信链路的影响,可作为工程实际系统设计的参照。     

一种基于OpenMP多核并行机制的基带数据处理方法

针对遥感卫星地面基带处理速率低、效率不高、稳定性差等问题，提出一种基于OpenMP多核并行机制的基带数据处理方法。通过在系统平台上建立多个线程，将数据处理分解到多线程中进行并行处理。以真实的卫星数据作为测试源，在压缩比为4∶1和无损模式下，从时间、解码速度、CPU占用、内存、设备资源利用率等指标对基带处理方法性能进行评估。评估结果表明，基于OpenMP并行化处理方法的解压缩软件，在充分利用硬件平台性能的基础上，实现了4倍解压缩速率的提升，显著提升了实时性。     

一种基于控制流解耦的可重构阵列动态调度方法

可重构阵列依靠数据流驱动带来的能效优势,被广泛运用在特定领域的运算加速中。随着应用范围的增大,当应用中存在不同控制流区域时,采用传统的空间调度方案同时执行整个数据流图,会由于非一致性控制流的存在,造成严重的性能损失。本文提出一种基于控制流解耦的调度方法,通过将处于不同控制边界的数据流解耦成若干个相互独立的子图交替执行,同时将每个子图进行充分并行展开以提高阵列的计算资源利用率。实验结果表明:在相同面积开销的约束下,利用本文提出的调度方法分别在执行性能和执行能效上,相比于一种典型的静态调度可重构阵列(Plasticine),分别提高了35%和18%;相比于一种典型的指令调度的可重构阵列(TIA),分别提高了27%和45%。     

Comparison study of ductile iron produced with Martian regolith harvested iron from ionic liquids and Bosch byproduct carbon for in-situ resource utilization versus commercially available 65-45-12 ductile iron

As researchers continue to study methods to facilitate long-term missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the ability to manufacture high-quality mechanical and structural components on the Lunar and Martian surfaces remains a crucial piece to the puzzle for a sustained presence. Due to the immense cost of sending supplies to extraterrestrial bodies, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) methods are critical for the success and feasibility of these habitation missions. Ionic liquids (ILs) are currently being studied at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to harvest elemental metals from meteorites and regolith minerals. Additionally, the Bosch process is being explored as a life support system at MSFC for oxygen (O₂) regeneration, rendering a byproduct of elemental carbon (C). In this investigation, the viability of casting ductile iron (DI) using IL-sourced iron (IL-Fe) and Bosch C was studied given the range of applications and performance of DI as an as-cast alloy. Ingots were produced using commercial elements to simulate the use of IL-Fe with C sourced from the byproduct C of the Bosch process. Samples were cast and compared to commercially available 65–45-12 DI with phase transformation diagrams, microstructures, and hardness. Results showed that IL-sourced elements are a viable source of elemental alloying materials for a range of DI alloys, with some limitations.     

Real-time ray-based channel generation and emulation for UAV communications

A real-time ray-based hardware emulator for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communication channels which suits for the Three-Dimensional (3D) dynamic scenarios and considers the movements of both terminals is developed in this paper. The time-variant channel parameters, i.e., ray delay, ray gain, and ray Doppler frequency are precalculated in the host by using the Ray Tracing (RT) method. Meanwhile, RT simulation dramatically increases the number of valid rays. To address the problem of resource limitation and huge computational burden in the implementation, an efficient ray coefficients generation method based on iteration is proposed and implemented. With the advantages of low cost and high flexibility, a Software Defined Radio (SDR) hardware platform is used to emulate the ray-based UAV channels by utilizing the compact architecture including the Time-Division (TD) scheme and Tapped-Delay Line (TDL) for channel convolution. Finally, hardware measurement results demonstrate that the properties of emulated channel, i.e., Power Delay Profile (PDP) and Doppler Power Spectrum Density (DPSD) consist with the simulated ones, which verifies the correctness of hardware implementation. The proposed channel emulator provides an efficient way for optimization, verification, and evaluation of UAV communication systems.     

柔性基座冗余机械臂的最优反作用控制

针对柔性基座冗余机械臂的末端轨迹跟踪问题，提出一种反作用最优控制方法，该算法将轨迹跟踪视为高优先级任务，而反作用优化控制在高优先级任务零空间内进行。由于冗余机械臂的自运动能在不影响末端运动的前提下改变关节运动，利用冗余机械臂的自运动消除振动系统中的低阶模态力，使机械臂在完成轨迹跟踪的同时激起的弹性振动大幅减小，从而提高了系统的稳定性。以平面3自由度柔性基座机械臂和空间7自由度柔性基座机械臂为例进行数值仿真，证实了方法的有效性。     

电大尺寸平面数字相控阵外场通道校准测试方法

电大尺寸平面数字相控阵通道校准测试对暗室规模和质量要求极高，扫描架探针移动速度受限导致通道校准的暗室测试时间长达数小时，且长时间测试引起的温度变化会造成通道相位漂移从而导致测试结果不准确。针对存在的问题，提出了一种外场通道校准测试方法，整个阵面中所有通道单次校准测试仅需几分钟，可有效解决由于长时间测试引起的温度变化进而造成的通道相位漂移问题，并通过引入基准通道来解决外场通道校准测试中存在的收发不同源问题。测试方法可有效缩短电大尺寸平面数字相控阵的通道校准时间，提高测试准确性，降低天线测试过程中的时间成本和暗室硬件建造成本。最后，通过某Ka频段电大尺寸平面数字相控阵测控系统的外场测试，验证了方法的可行性和正确性。