基于双相关峰检测的C/A码伪距精密估计

采用软件无线电技术和数字信号处理技术，直接对A／D变换后的中频信号进行处理，并得到C／A码的相关曲线。利用曲线拟合方法对相关峰波形进行拟合，进一步确定相关曲线的峰值点位置。同时基于双相关峰检测的伪距估计方法，精确求解C／A码伪距观测值。利用自编的仿真程序包，在Matlab中进行了相应的模拟计算。仿真结果表明当信噪比大于26dB时，可得到毫米数量级的伪距估计精度，能够满足GPS模拟源系统高精度自校的要求。     

带弹性元件扑翼机构的动力学分析及实验

为研究扑翼飞行器传动机构的能量特性，以特拉华大学机械系统实验室所研制样机为原型进行了建模。引入气动项和拉力弹簧建立了完整的动力学模型。分析发现，气动项的力矩峰值为惯性项的4.8倍，对电机的转矩峰值的影响起主要作用。运用正交法进行仿真发现，引入拉力弹簧可以使电机转矩峰值最大降低77.5%，与理论分析相符合。进一步的物理实验验证了理论分析和仿真结果的正确性，并得到了当弹簧的连接点位置为185 mm、原长为200 mm及刚度为0.1 N/mm时实验结果取得最优值，可为扑翼机传动机构的优化设计提供依据。此外，引入弹性元件也可有效降低电机的转速波动，进而为仿生扑翼飞行器的生产和实践应用提供理论指导。     

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System (BMCS) are studied from climatic data, “Marathon Exp. Leg.8, 1984” data, and Sea surface temperature (SST) data base “ds277-Reynolds” (1981–2000). The South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) is divided in two main types: tropical (TW) and subtropical water (ST). Water masses, Fronts, Inter-Frontal and Frontal Zones are analysed and classified: (a) the water masses: Tropical Low-Salinity Water, Tropical Surface Water, Tropical Tropospheric Water, Subtropical Low-Salinity Water, Subtropical Surface Water, Subtropical Tropospheric Water. T,S characteristics of intermediate, deep and bottom water defined by different authors are confirmed and completed; (b) the Inter-Frontal Zones: Tropical/Brazil Current Zone, Subtropical Zone and Subantarctic Zone; (c) the Frontal Zones: Subtropical, Subantarctic and Polar, and (d) the Fronts: Subtropical Front of the Brazil Current, Principal Subtropical Front, North Subtropical Front, Subtropical Surface Front, South Subtropical Front, Subantarctic Surface Front, Subantarctic Front and Polar Front. Several stable T–S relationships are found below the friction layer and at the Fronts. The maximum gradient of the oceanographic characteristics occurs at the Brazil Current Front, which can be any of the subtropical Fronts, depending on season. Minimum mean depth of the pycnocline coincides with the Fronts of the BMCS, indicating the paths of low-salinity shelf waters into the open ocean. In the work it is shown how to recover the horizontal and vertical thermohaline structure of waters from satellite data RSMAS SST.     

航空发动机高速锥齿轮瞬态动力学分析与试验研究

针对航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮由行波共振引起的掉块故障,采用瞬态接触动力学分析方法与试验验证相结合的手段,对行波共振发生时从动锥齿轮的共振特性和应力分布开展研究。基于声测法开展了航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮行波共振试验,研究中央传动锥齿轮行波共振特性,获取了从动锥齿轮行波共振动频、危险转速以及破坏断裂特征。仿真计算结果与试验结果对比分析表明:试验中出现三节径共振皆是前行波共振,四节径共振是后行波共振;三节径共振危险转速范围为74.2%～76.2%,四节径共振危险转速范围为102.8%～104.2%。数值仿真与试验测试中结构静频值具有一致性,三节径误差小于2%,四节径误差小于5%,验证了仿真计算模型的准确性。仿真计算四节径行波共振时从动锥齿轮齿根处和辐板应力集中,应力分布形式与齿轮故障复现试验断裂形式基本一致,辐板正面应力值大小与试验结果基本吻合,误差在0.5%～9.5%,满足工程级应力预测要求,验证了瞬态接触动力学分析方法对齿轮行波共振应力预测的有效性。试验表明该齿轮结构是否存在初始缺陷是发生齿轮断裂故障的重要因素之一。     

探测快中子的新技术(一)

概述了近年探则快中子的新技术，它们分别是：抑制γ射线、热中子和带电粒子的符合谱仪；高分辨、宽能量范围（0．1～15．0MeV）带正比计数器的3He夹心谱仪；含氢的纤维闪烁作用于抑制γ射线、中子位置分布和中子能谱测量，及合锂的纤维玻璃闪烁体用于长中子计数器测平均中子能量；中子的直接探测；用于中高能和重离子核物理的多元件阵列快中子探测器和极化仪；用于核核查的中子源影像探测器；高入射氚核能量和高能中子的伴随粒子技术等七个方面。它们对中子计量学的发展是重要的。     

中心差分Kalman滤波方法在X射线脉冲星导航中的应用

由于脉冲星脉冲到达时间的测量需要较长时间,基于传统的扩展Kalman滤波的X射线脉 冲星定轨方法精度较低。为此,提出了将中心差分Kalman滤波应用于X射线脉冲星导航中, 利用中心差分Kalman滤波替代扩展Kalman滤波,通过结合航天器轨道动力学模型和脉冲星观 测信息进行定轨。仿真结果表明,中心差分Kalman滤波方法的定轨精度高于扩展Kalman滤波 方法。     

Central difference predictive filter for attitude determination with low precision sensors and model errors

Attitude determination is one of the key technologies for Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) of a satellite. However, serious model errors may exist which will affect the estimation accuracy of ACDS, especially for a small satellite with low precision sensors. In this paper, a central difference predictive filter (CDPF) is proposed for attitude determination of small satellites with model errors and low precision sensors. The new filter is proposed by introducing the Stirling’s polynomial interpolation formula to extend the traditional predictive filter (PF). It is shown that the proposed filter has higher accuracy for the estimation of system states than the traditional PF. It is known that the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has also been used in the ADCS of small satellites with low precision sensors. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed filter, the UKF is also employed to compare it with the CDPF. Numerical simulations show that the proposed CDPF is more effective and robust in dealing with model errors and low precision sensors compared with the UKF or traditional PF.     

大型卫星中心承力筒的材料工艺

讨论了大型中心承力筒的材料与工艺要求。对研制大型中心承力筒需要解决的材料与工艺问题,提出初步建议。     

测控中心实时应用软件系统采用线程机制的探讨

为了提高测控系统中心计算机应用软件在实时任务中的安全性和可靠性,实现在不同操作系统下的应用软件移植,以开发出在异型操作系统下的实时应用软件。主要分析了中心机实时应用程序采用线程机制的优势,讨论了几种线程间通信方式,并简要介绍了应用软件设计思想。     

阵列NaI（T1）探测器γ能谱合成方法探讨

介绍两路或多路NaI（T1）探测器γ能谱数据的合成方法及初步成果，以“特征峰叠加”的方法对^133Cs和^60Co的仪器谱进行单峰和双峰的叠加试验，为天然γ能谱合成提供依据。实验表明，“特征峰叠加”的方法可较好地反映各仪器谱合成前的特性，有很好的应用前景。