Decentralized adaptive sliding mode control of a space robot actuated by control moment gyroscopes

An adaptive sliding mode control(ASMC) law is proposed in decentralized scheme for trajectory tracking control of a new concept space robot.Each joint of the system is a free ball joint capable of rotating with three degrees of freedom(DOF).A cluster of control moment gyroscopes(CMGs) is mounted on each link and the base to actuate the system.The modified Rodrigues parameters(MRPs) are employed to describe the angular displacements,and the equations of motion are derived using Kane's equations.The controller for each link or the base is designed separately in decentralized scheme.The unknown disturbances,inertia parameter uncertainties and nonlinear uncertainties are classified as a ‘‘lumped matched uncertainty with unknown upper bound,and a continuous sliding mode control(SMC) law is proposed,in which the control gain is tuned by the improved adaptation laws for the upper bound on norm of the uncertainty.A general amplification function is designed and incorporated in the adaptation laws to reduce the control error without conspicuously increasing the magnitude of the control input.Uniformly ultimate boundedness of the closed loop system is proved by Lyapunov's method.Simulation results based on a three-link system verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

轨道预测辅助GPS载波跟踪技术用于低轨道卫星定位研究

针对低轨道卫星及其特定的运动环境,研究了星载GPS接收机载波跟踪问题。基于卫星轨道可模化、可预测的特性,提出了利用预测卫星轨道计算多普勒频移,并用于辅助载波环路跟踪的新方法。该方法有效地降低了低轨道卫星GPS信号跟踪中的动态,从而在跟踪过程中可以采取降低环路阶数、减小环路带宽、增加预检测积分时间这几种措施来提高环路跟踪弱信号的能力,有助于提高低轨道卫星的定位性能。     

一种改进的直方图概率多假设多目标跟踪方法

直方图概率多假设跟踪（H-PMHT）方法及其变形泊松分布直方图概率多假设跟踪（P-HPMHT）方法的一个主要缺点是其量测模型仅考虑了背景杂波而没有考虑传感器噪声,从而导致在低信噪比条件下检测概率较低。针对这一问题,提出了一种带传感器噪声模型的H-PMHT方法,通过将传感器噪声引入量测模型,从而明显提高了对低信噪比目标的跟踪检测能力。该方法的计算量与目标数保持线性关系,仍然适用于目标数目较多的情况。仿真实验表明：该方法在误跟踪比率为1‰,信噪比为6 dB时,检测比率可提升近20%,信噪比为3 dB时,可提升近10%。     

变结构快速鲁棒跟踪系统

快速鲁棒跟踪是跟踪系统的重要指标之一。为此本文提出了自适应Ｈｕｂｅｒ函数和广义开关函数概念，并根据这两种概念，构造了具有快速和鲁棒两种特性的变结构跟踪系统。其特点是在大误差范围内系统工作在Ｂａｎｇ－Ｂａｎｇ型模糊滤波模式，以保证最短时间收敛。而在小误差范围内，工作在线性滤波器模式，以保证系统的最优性。最后给出了目标跟踪系统仿真结果。     

低空突防中的若干关键技术

近年来的战争显示,低空突防在现代战争中发挥着为越重要的作用,发展低空突防技术已成为我国国防建设的一项重要而紧迫的任务。文中对低空突防飞行器进行“地形跟随／地形回避／威胁回避（ＴＦ／ＴＡ＾２）”机动飞行的若干关键技术,如数字地图、航迹规划、信息融合、地形特征匹配与轨迹跟踪的发展过程、重要的研究方法及主要研究成果进行了系统的总结,指出了低空突防关键技术的不足不之处,对其未来的发展方向作出了展望。这对低     

半球谐振陀螺控制电路频率跟踪精度提升方法

半球谐振陀螺控制电路的控制精度直接影响半球谐振陀螺仪的输出精度,而频率跟踪精度又直接影响了半球谐振陀螺控制电路的精度.传统的半球谐振陀螺数字控制电路采用过零比较的方法计算陀螺幅点信号的频率,此方法易受地线毛刺信号的干扰,频率跟踪精度不高.介绍了采用A/D转换采集数据估算陀螺幅点信号频率的方法,并对各种方法进行了优缺点比较,提出选用建议.这些方法既提升电路抗干扰能力,又大幅提升了频率跟踪精度,还省去了过零比较电路.分析及测试结果表明,采用该频率跟踪方法,半球谐振陀螺的频率跟踪精度可达0.002Hz,可大幅提升半球谐振陀螺控制电路的精度.     

交流光伏水泵系统控制策略

光伏水泵系统具有无污染、全自动等优点,且应用的场合较多,为此设计了一种以TMS320F28335为主控制器的光伏水泵控制系统。控制系统中的三相异步电机调速部分采用基于空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)方式的变压变频(VVVF)控制,最大功率点跟踪部分采用恒定电压法(CVT)和扰动观察法结合最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)技术。试验结果表明系统实现最大功率点跟踪并稳定运行。     

多普勒辅助测量IMM-PF机动目标跟踪

针对机动目标跟踪问题,提出了一种辅助多普勒测量的交互多模型粒子滤波算法.该算法利用粒子滤波解决系统观测与目标状态之间的非线性问题,并辅助多普勒测量信息在线估计目标角速率,作为目标转弯模型的参数.采用两个可内部切换的运动模型(常速度/逆时针转弯模型、常速度/顺时针转弯模型)作为交互模型,有效地描述了目标机动并减少了模型个数,进一步提高了算法的效率.对一个以不同角速率多次转弯的机动目标进行跟踪仿真,结果验证了算法的可行性和优越性.     

强跟踪UKF滤波在SINS_GPS组合导航中的应用研究

针对飞行器大机动条件下SINS／GPS组合导航中出现的滤波发散问题,结合UKF滤波算法,提出了一种强跟踪UKF滤波算法。它通过引入渐消因子用线调整滤波增益阵K来减小老数据的权值,相对地增加新数据的权值,提高了UKF滤波跟踪性能。仿真和实际数据解算结果表明,强跟踪UKF提高了组合导航系统对于突变状态的实时跟踪能力和滤波过程的数值稳定性,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Event-triggered adaptive fuzzy attitude takeover control of spacecraft

The problem of attitude takeover control of spacecraft by using cellular satellites with limited communication, actuator faults and input saturation is investigated. In order to lighten the communication burden of cellular satellites, an event-triggered control strategy is adopted. The filtered attitude information needs to be transmitted only when the defined measurement error reaches the event-triggered threshold in this strategy. Then, to deal with the unknown inertia matrix, actuator faults, external disturbances and the errors caused by event-triggered scheme, fuzzy logic systems is introduced to estimate the uncertainties directly. Combining fuzzy logic control strategy and the event-triggered method, the first event-triggered adaptive fuzzy control law is developed. Then, torque saturation of cellular satellites is further considered in the second control law, where the upper bound of the uncertainties is estimated by fuzzy logic systems. The resulting closed-loop systems under the two control laws are guaranteed to be bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of two proposed control laws is verified by the numerical simulations.