高能(450 kV)X射线参考辐射场附加过滤研究

利用MCNP程序对450kV X光机建立模型，计算各参考辐射质下的原级谱、平均光子能量。对ISO 4037-1中已有范围的管电压与附加过滤片厚度关系曲线进行二次拟合，确定模拟厚度范围。利用MCNP计算各附加过滤组合下的平均光子能量值，并与外推法得出的平均光子能量值进行对比，将相对偏差最小时的附加过滤作为最终确定值。从部分能量点的模拟与测量结果的对比可看出，模拟得出的平均光子能量在2%以内与PTB及中国计量院测量结果保持一致，附加过滤最大相对偏差为18%。     

Ni,Ti及NiTi合金低能电子散射的Monte Carlo模拟

采用MonteCarlo方法,模拟了低能电子束(能量E0≤5keV)作用下Ni,Ti及NiTi合金固体中的电子散射,分析了3种金属/合金中散射电子的能量与空间分布。研究表明:(1)入射电子能量E0越小,各材料的背散射电子(BSEs)深度、吸收电子(AEs)深度及散射电子能量损失的深度均越小,分辨率越高;(2)相同E0下,各材料的BSEs,AEs及能量损失深度均有NiNiTi>Ti;(3)NiTi合金的BSEs深度、AEs深度及能量损失的深度和分辨率分别近似于Ni,Ti固体相应量的平均值。     

基于蒙特卡洛方法的冰晶撞击特性计算

航空发动机摄入冰晶易发生内部结冰、造成发动机推力损失,严重时引发航空事故。冰晶结冰数值模拟是研究冰晶结冰的重要手段,而撞击收集系数计算是冰晶结冰数值模拟的关键环节。基于NNWICE平台开展冰晶结冰前期的阻力系数、运动轨迹和撞击收集系数的数值模拟与计算研究,实现了基于蒙特卡洛方法的冰晶撞击收集系数的准确计算;在此基础上发展了拉格朗日框架下冰晶粒子运动、传热传质耦合数值计算方法;通过完成二维NACA0012翼型的相关算例,对比分析了不同阻力模型和冰晶相变对撞击收集系数的影响。结果表明阻力模型对冰晶撞击收集系数影响较小,冰晶相变过程会对冰晶运动轨迹及撞击收集系数产生显著影响,为进一步发展冰晶结冰数值模拟计算方法奠定了基础。     

有限时间收敛的阻力加速度跟踪进入制导律

摘要：针对地球或火星的大气层进入过程提出一种具有有限时间收敛性质的阻力加速度跟踪鲁棒制导律.将再入动力学方程抽象为一类带有不确定性及扰动的非线性系统,并针对该类系统提出一种基于滑模控制的有限时间鲁棒控制律.将所提出的理论方法应用于阻力加速度跟踪制导律的设计中,设计可使阻力加速度在有限时间内跟踪上标称值的制导律.仿真验证方法的有效性和先进性.     

航天器表面环境散射返回流污染数值模拟和影响因素分析

针对航天器表面出气分子形成的环境散射返回流污染问题,利用试验粒子Monte Carlo方法对圆球和圆柱体简化航天器表面环境散射返回流进行数值模拟。其中,圆球出气表面的计算结果与已有的DSMC(Direct Simulation Monte Carlo)方法计算结果一致,验证了该方法的正确性。此外,对不同长径比的圆柱表面环境散射进行了计算和分析,结果表明:来流方向垂直于圆柱对称轴时,返回分子主要分布在圆柱体侧面的迎风部位;返回通量比随来流与出气分子质量之比的增加逐渐减小,随来流与出气表面温度之比、来流分子速度比和数密度的增加而增大;不同长径比条件下返回通量比相对于上述4个参数的变化具有相似性和递变性,短粗体的返回通量比最小,长细体的最大,正常圆柱体的则居中;返回通量比相对来流攻角的变化在不同长径比条件下不再具有相似性,而是取决于有效迎风面积。     

Closed-loop distance-keeping for long-term satellite cluster flight

Cluster flight is a term used for describing multiple satellites that are being held within pre-defined minimum and maximum distances for long time intervals, possibly the entire mission. This technology is required for a myriad of space architectures and missions, including disaggregated space architectures. Whereas the literature is abundant with works on control laws for satellite formation flying, there are only a handful of works on control of cluster flight. The purpose of the current work is to develop a cluster flight control algorithm, which is able to keep the satellites of the cluster within pre-specified minimum and maximum distances, while utilizing small amounts of propellant. The newly developed algorithm relies on the natural inter-satellite distance dynamics. The algorithm incorporates realistic mission constraints, such as constant-magnitude thrust, and is implemented in feedback form, steering the mean elements to judiciously selected reference values. Simulations indicate that a few tens of grams of propellent are sufficient for operating a cluster flight mission in excess of 1 year, using low specific-impulse thrusters.     

样本重复使用失效响应曲线分析结构可靠度方法

用基于样本重复使用失效响应曲线逼近法,为充分利用迭代过程中的样本点,提出了样本重复使用的思想,并由此发展出一种结构可靠度的计算方法.利用可靠度指标作为收敛条件,从迭代收敛后的所有样本点中选取靠近失效界线处的样本点构造失效曲线响应函数,最后通过蒙特卡洛抽样的方法计算可靠度.多个算例表明:该响应函数避免了对传统意义上的功能函数响应面的模拟,降低了模型维数,又由于适当地 引入了带交叉项、具有曲线旋转功能的响应函数,因此能够很好地逼近失效曲线,有效地提高可靠度计算精度.      

Track-before-detect for Infrared Maneuvering Dim Multi-target via MM-PHD

In this paper, we present a novel and efficient track-before-detect (TBD) algorithm based on multiple-model probability hypothesis density (MM-PHD) for tracking infrared maneuvering dim multi-target. Firstly, the standard sequential Monte Carlo probability hypothesis density (SMC-PHD) TBD-based algorithm is introduced and sequentially improved by the adaptive process noise and the importance re-sampling on particle likelihood, which result in the improvement in the algorithm robustness and convergence speed. Secondly, backward recursion of SMC-PHD is derived in order to ameliorate the tracking performance especially at the time of the multi-target arising. Finally, SMC-PHD is extended with multiple-model to track maneuvering dim multi-target. Extensive experiments have proved the efficiency of the presented algorithm in tracking infrared maneuvering dim multi-target, which produces better performance in track detection and tracking than other TBD-based algorithms including SMC-PHD, multiple-model particle filter (MM-PF), histogram probability multi-hypothesis tracking (H-PMHT) and Viterbi-like.