细缝裁减和非均匀映射结合的图像自适应方法

采用将细缝裁减和非均匀映射相结合的图像尺寸自适应框架,提出了一种基于内容的图像重要信息变形的度量方法.首先提取原始图像的重要性像素点,利用细缝裁减去掉一条像素细缝后,相应的重要性像素点会被更新.对于图像中保留的重要性像素点,计算它们的子图像平均偏差(ADSI,Average Difference of Sub Images);对于被移除的重要性像素点,计算它们的平均丢失能量(ALE,Average Lost Energy).通过ADSI和ALE可计算出重要信息变形的度量函数(IIDF,Important Information Deformation Function)的值,通过分析IIDF的趋势得到细缝裁减的终止条件,然后改用非均匀映射方法(non-homogeneous warping)将图像自适应到目标尺寸.实验结果证明,新方法处理的结果图像重要区域变形较小,并且计算效率比较高.     

基于窗口技术的CT图像缺陷性质确定

论述了工业CT图像的一般特点,对窗口技术进行了详细分析。利用非线性窗口和数据库管理实现了窗口的自动化选择并较好地识别出小密度差下的缺陷性质。     

New method of enhancement using wavelet transforms applied to SODISM telescope

PICARD is a space-based observatory hosting the Solar Diameter Imager and Surface Mapper (SODISM) telescope, which has continuously observed the Sun from July 2010 and up to March 2014. In order to study the fine structure of the solar surface, it is helpful to apply techniques that enhance the images so as to improve the visibility of solar features such as sunspots or faculae. The objective of this work is to develop an innovative technique to enhance the quality of the SODISM images in the five wavelengths monitored by the telescope at 215.0?nm, 393.37?nm, 535.7?nm, 607.1?nm and 782.2?nm. An enhancement technique using interpolation of the high-frequency sub-bands obtained by Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) and the input image is applied to the SODISM images. The input images are decomposed by the DWT as well as Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) into four separate sub-bands in horizontal and vertical directions namely, low-low (LL), low–high (LH), high-low (HL) and high–high (HH) frequencies. The DWT high frequency sub-bands are interpolated by a factor 2. The estimated high frequency sub-bands (edges) are enhanced by introducing an intermediate stage using a Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), and then all these sub-bands and input image are combined and interpolated with half of the interpolation factor α/2, used to interpolate the high-frequency sub-bands, in order to reach the required size for IDWT processing. Quantitative and visual results show the superiority of the proposed technique over a bicubic image resolution enhancement technique. In addition, filling factors for sunspots are calculated from SODISM images and results are presented in this work.     

Discriminating satellite IR anomalies associated with the MS 7.1 Yushu earthquake in China

In the process of exploring pre-earthquake thermal anomalies using satellite infrared data, Blackett et al. (2011) found that the previously reported anomalies before the 2001 Mw 7.7 Gujarat earthquake, in India, were related to positive biases caused by data gaps due to cloud cover and mosaicing of neighboring orbits of MODIS satellite data. They supposed that such effects could also be responsible for other cases. We noted a strip-shaped TIR anomaly on March 17th, 2010, 28?days before the Ms. 7.1 Yushu earthquake (Qin et al., 2011). Here we again investigate multi-year infrared satellite data in different bands to discriminate whether the anomaly is associated with the earthquake, or is only bias caused by the data gaps. From the water vapor images, we find lots of clouds that have TIR anomalies. However, on the cloudiness background, there is an obvious strip-shaped gap matching the tectonic faults almost perfectly. In particular, the animation loops of hourly water vapor images show that the cloud kept moving from west to east, while they never covered the strip-shaped gap. We consider that the cloud with this special spatial pattern should have implied the abnormal signals associated with the seismogenic process. Based on current physical models, the satellite IR anomalies both on TIR and water vapor bands can qualitatively be explained using synthetic mechanisms.     

像片数目对工业摄影测量精度影响研究

高精度工业摄影测量技术是现代工业制造的一种测量方法，在航空航天、机械制造、军事工业等领域得到了广泛的应用。提高工业摄影测量的精度则是该技术发展的重点之一，本文针对像片数目对工业摄影测量精度的影响做了研究，在控制如光照、反光标志材料、像中心点坐标精度等条件因素不变的情况下，采用固定网型一次性采集共计1200张像片，并等差随机分为17×3组不同像片数目组合，处理得出各组点三维坐标。以重复性作为精度评定标准，通过综合分析得出像片数目对工业摄影测量精度无实质性影响，为进一步研究如何提高摄影测量精度提供参考。     

高光谱图像融合最佳波段选择方法

针对高光谱图像高数据维给图像处理带来的困难和影响,本文构造了高光谱图像融合的最佳波段选择新模型-联合偏度-峰度指数(Joint Skewness-Kurtosis figure,JSKF)模型,利用JSKF指数进行自适应子空间的分解和波段选择,降低高光谱数据维数;并将选择出的最佳波段组合进行了融合,实验结果表明,该方法所选择的波段信息差异较大、互补特征明显,融合后图像包含的信息量丰富,效果优于传统的自适应波段选择方法和主成分分析累计贡献率方法.     

帕金森大鼠模型的影像特性

利用影像技术对帕金森病（Parkinsondisease，PD）大鼠模型的脑形态与功能信息进行了系统研究。利用磁共振（Magneticresonance imaging。MRI）及磁共振血管成像（Magneticresonanceangiography，MRA）获取PD大鼠脑部形态影像资料，利用质子磁共振波谱（1H—magneticreso—nancespectroscopy，1H—MRS）及CT灌注（CTperfusion，CTP）成像获取波谱及血流变化等功能影像学资料。研究结果表明PD大鼠在形态上影像无特征性异常，在功能影像学纹状体存在局部脑血流降低和波谱变化。     

医学CT的误差修正方法、图像重建及实现

医学Ｘ光ＣＴ作为一种诊断设备,对其图像质量要求很高,而在实际应用中各种误差都将会影响最终的图像质量,因而对误差进行修正是非常重要的,这一点在各厂家的ＣＴ 产品中表现得尤为突出。通过研究对医学Ｘ光ＣＴ 的探测器、Ｘ光射束硬化效应等所产生的误差进行修正,给出了在ＰＣ机上对误差进行修正和图像重建的方法和步骤,完成了对分辨率水模、对比度水模、病人头部和肺部的图像重建,证明该方法行之有效。     

基于改进YOLOv3网络的遥感目标快速检测方法

针对将来卫星在轨实时目标检测需求,且在其内存和算力都受限的条件下,提出一种改进的YOLOv3,利用轻量化网络代替YOLOv3的特征提取网络,实现遥感目标的高效检测。在目标检测精度相近的情况下,改进模型参数相比原先降低了1.5倍,计算量降低了3.3倍。同时提出了一种基于交并比的迭代聚类算法,分别在YOLOv3和改进YOLOv3上实现了7.0%和2.3%的平均精度均值(mAP)提升。实验表明:改进模型的检测速度最快能达到101 frame/s,当其mAP比YOLOv3高6%时,检测速度仍是YOLOv3的1.6倍。本文提出的改进YOLOv3是一种高效遥感目标检测方法,为未来星上应用打下基础。     

C/ SiC 复合材料喷管焊接连接技术研究

C/SiC-金属连接是C/SiC复合材料喷管应用的关键技术.本文综述了上海空间推进研究所对CVD铌和钎焊两种C/SiC复合材料喷管连接技术的分析和研究试验,指出其存在的问题和解决途径以及后续发展的重点.此外,还探讨了工业CT在复合材料喷管焊接连接件的检测情况,说明微焦点工业CT对C/SiC喷管-金属连接件具有较好的检测效果,可以为产品质量评估提供可靠依据.