CCD相机焦平面电路的设计与仿真

文章介绍了CCD的焦面电路设计以及初步的设计结果并且对驱动电路和模拟信号放大电路进行了Pspice仿真。     

嫦娥一号卫星CCD立体相机的设计与在轨运行

介绍了立体成像原理、参数选择、相机方案及设计结果。发射前的实验室检测表明:整机MTF达0.48,S/N为235。由嫦娥一号卫星CCD立体相机获取的图像清晰,层次丰富。用户根据在轨运行前期探测数据对CCD立体相机的科学探测数据质量进行了初步评估,认为CCD立体相机工作正常,数据格式正确,科学数据有效,图像质量优良,能够进行稳定的数据观测、采集与下传。最后介绍了相机在研制过程中采用的一些新技术。     

高动态EMCCD星敏感器总体参数设计方法

从高动态星敏感器动态性能需求出发,分析了电子倍增型电荷耦合器件（EMCCD,electron multiplying CCD）噪声来源,推导恒星探测中EMCCD的信噪比公式.针对EMCCD总体参数设计优化问题,提出了EMCCD中电子倍增电压和致冷温度的设计方法,并应用该方法进行高动态星敏感器中EMCCD总体参数设计及仿真.仿真结果表明,角速度为10（°）/s时姿态测量精度优于30″.提出的EMCCD参数确定方法可以为高动态星敏感器设计提供参考.     

The Swift X-Ray Telescope

he Swift Gamma-Ray Explorer is designed to make prompt multiwavelength observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and GRB afterglows. The X-ray telescope (XRT) enables Swift to determine GRB positions with a few arcseconds accuracy within 100 s of the burst onset. The XRT utilizes a mirror set built for JET-X and an XMM-Newton/EPIC MOS CCD detector to provide a sensitive broad-band (0.2–10 keV) X-ray imager with effective area of > 120 cm² at 1.5 keV, field of view of 23.6 × 23.6 arcminutes, and angular resolution of 18 arcseconds (HPD). The detection sensitivity is 2×10⁻¹⁴ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ in 10⁴ s. The instrument is designed to provide automated source detection and position reporting within 5 s of target acquisition. It can also measure the redshifts of GRBs with Fe line emission or other spectral features. The XRT operates in an auto-exposure mode, adjusting the CCD readout mode automatically to optimize the science return for each frame as the source intensity fades. The XRT will measure spectra and lightcurves of the GRB afterglow beginning about a minute after the burst and will follow each burst for days or weeks. Dedicated to David J. Watson, in memory of his valuable contributions to this instrument.     

轻型CCD相机

文中叙述了国外星载轻型CCD相机的研究现状与发展趋势,着重讨论了该种相机轻量化技术的各种途径,系统描述了这类相机的基本组成,并总结了研制轻型CCD相机所应具备的各项主要技术和关键技术。     

专用瞄准设备智能读数系统刻线的精确定位

专用瞄准设备智能读数系统采用普通CCD和图像采集卡,系统分辨力不高,为此采用基于矩心法的亚象素细分使刻线定位准确度大大提高.同时,针对系统图像倾斜和系统固有的刻线圆周角,进行了适当的修正,使系统最终识别准确度满足要求.     

立靶测试系统立靶密集度测量不确定度评定

基于CCD的数字立靶测试系统是一种非接触立靶测试方法，提出了采用视觉标定分析坐标结果的方法，介绍了同步雷达触发、CCD成像，通过图像分析得出立靶测试结果的测试系统。为了完善基于CCD的数字立靶测试系统的测量结果，建立测量模型，根据视觉标定法、系统结构等分析评定各因素带入的不确定度分量。     

采用经纬仪测量航天相机视轴的方法分析

在卫星地面总装时,需要测量航天相机视轴之间以及相机视轴与其他敏感仪器或整星坐标系坐标轴之间的角度关系。文章以某线阵CCD相机的安装测量为例,介绍了使用经纬仪系统确定航天相机视轴的方法以及相机与相机之间、相机与整星坐标系坐标轴之间角度关系的测量。分析中对相机的光学系统进行了简化,重点介绍了测量方法的数学模型,并通过误差传递公式分析了测量精度,最后针对该测量方法的不足提出了改进措施。     

Optical orbital debris spotter

The number of man-made debris objects orbiting the Earth, or orbital debris, is alarmingly increasing, resulting in the increased probability of degradation, damage, or destruction of operating spacecraft. In part, small objects (<10 cm) in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) are of concern because they are abundant and difficult to track or even to detect on a routine basis. Due to the increasing debris population it is reasonable to assume that improved capabilities for on-orbit damage attribution, in addition to increased capabilities to detect and track small objects are needed. Here we present a sensor concept to detect small debris with sizes between approximately 1.0 and 0.01 cm in the vicinity of a host spacecraft for near real time damage attribution and characterization of dense debris fields and potentially to provide additional data to existing debris models.     

图像式轮廓瞄准系统及其数据处理方法的研究

基于CCD图像技术,提出一种新的图像轮廓瞄准系统,该系统实现了通用光学仪器及现代数字化仪器轮廓图像瞄准,解决了这类仪器自动化程序低、瞄准精度受人员的主观影响大、劳动强度大、不易微机化等问题,文中给出了新系统的结构及原理,并着重分析了图像轮廓数据的处理方法,最后,以对新系统进行了实验研究。