Keywords: Astrophysics; X-ray binaries; Neutron stars; Black holes 相似文献
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391.
E.P.J. van den Heuvel 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2667-2672
Three recent developments in the field of formation and evolution of neutron stars and black holes in binaries are addressed:
- • The finding that there is a class of neutron stars, formed in interacting binaries, that do not receive kick velocities in their birth events. This finding is particularly important for our understanding of the formation – and formation rates – of double neutron stars. It is argued that these low-kick neutron stars, which tend to have low masses, are formed by a different physical mechanism than the neutron stars that receive large kick velocities at birth.
• The occurrence of velocity kicks in the formation events of stellar black holes.
• The nature of the companions of millisecond X-ray pulsars.
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K.V.S. Badarinath K. Madhavi Latha 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,37(12):2183-II
There is growing evidence that the earth’s climate is changing and will likely continue to change in the future. It is still debated whether these changes are due to natural variability of the climate system or a result of increases in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Black carbon (BC) has become the subject of interest for a variety of reasons. BC aerosol may cause environmental as well as harmful health effects in densely inhabited regions. BC is a strong absorber of radiation in the visible and near-infrared part of the spectrum, where most of the solar energy is distributed. Black carbon is emitted into the atmosphere as a byproduct of all combustion processes, viz., vegetation burning, industrial effluents and motor vehicle exhausts, etc. In this paper, we present results from our measurements on black carbon aerosols, total aerosol mass concentration and aerosol optical depth over an urban environment namely Hyderabad during January to May, 2003. Diurnal variations of BC indicate high BC concentrations during 6:00–9:00 and 19:00–23:00 h. Weekday variations of BC concentrations increase gradually from Monday to Wednesday and gradually decrease from Thursday to Sunday. Analysis of traffic density along with meteorological parameters suggests that the primary determinant for BC concentration levels and patterns is traffic density. Seasonal variations of BC suggest that the BC concentrations are high during dry season compared to rainy season due to the scavenging by air. The fraction of BC to total mass concentration has been observed to be 7% during January to May. BC showed positive correlation with total mass concentration and aerosol optical depth at 500 nm. Radiative transfer calculations suggests that during January to May, diurnal averaged aerosol forcing at the surface is −33 Wm2 and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) above 100 km it is observed to be +9 Wm−2. The results have been discussed in detail in the paper. 相似文献
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对某型第三代红外空空导弹的不可攻击区,即“黑洞”进行了分析,并利用数学仿真进行验证,证实了“黑洞”的存在,通过对攻击区中“黑洞”产生的原因和主要影响因素的研究和分析,以及在比例导引系数进行优化设计的基础上,提出了消除“黑洞”的方法和工程实施途径,仿真计算结果表明,该方法能效地提高导弹的制导精度,消除了攻击区中的“黑洞”改善了导弹的全向攻击能力。 相似文献
396.
王相海 《沈阳航空工业学院学报》1998,15(1):36-39
本文提出了一种直流大电流的测量方法。直流电信号首先经磁路转换成磁场信号然后经霍尔传感器的磁场信号转换电压信号后,输出到仪表放大器和单片机进行处理并显示出被测电流。 相似文献
397.
M. Nelson W.F. Dempster J.P. Allen S. Silverstone A. Alling M. van Thillo 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(5):748-753
An experiment utilizing cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L.), pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Apogee ultra-dwarf wheat (Triticum sativa L.) was conducted in the soil-based closed ecological facility, Laboratory Biosphere, from February to May 2005. The lighting regime was 13 h light/11 h dark at a light intensity of 960 μmol m−2 s−1, 45 mol m−2 day−1 supplied by high-pressure sodium lamps. The pinto beans and cowpeas were grown at two different planting densities. Pinto bean production was 341.5 g dry seed m−2 (5.42 g m−2 day−1) and 579.5 dry seed m−2 (9.20 g m−2 day−1) at planted densities of 32.5 plants m−2 and 37.5 plants m−2, respectively. Cowpea yielded 187.9 g dry seed m−2 (2.21 g m−2 day−1) and 348.8 dry seed m−2 (4.10 g m−2 day−1) at planted densities of 20.8 plants m−2 and 27.7 plants m−2, respectively. The crop was grown at elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, with levels ranging from 300–3000 ppm daily during the majority of the crop cycle. During early stages (first 10 days) of the crop, CO2 was allowed to rise to 7860 ppm while soil respiration dominated, and then was brought down by plant photosynthesis. CO2 was injected 27 times during days 29–71 to replenish CO2 used by the crop during photosynthesis. Temperature regime was 24–28 °C day/deg 20–24 °C night. Pinto bean matured and was harvested 20 days earlier than is typical for this variety, while the cowpea, which had trouble establishing, took 25 days more for harvest than typical for this variety. Productivity and atmospheric dynamic results of these studies contribute toward the design of an envisioned ground-based test bed prototype Mars base. 相似文献
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内冷通道带肋和出流孔壁面的换热研究 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
采用热色液晶瞬态测量技术对带有肋和单排出流孔的内流通道进行了换热实验研究.实验在主流雷诺数Re为20000~80000和出流比Br为0.30~0.60情况下,测量了通道内全表面换热系数分布,重点分析了主流雷诺数和出流比对换热的影响.实验结果显示:①出流孔附近区域的换热得到强化;肋前的换热系数大于肋后的换热系数;②出流比和雷诺数的改变对全表面的换热分布规律影响不大;③在本实验的参数范围下,出流比的增加对全表面的换热系数和换热增强程度基本没什么影响;雷诺数的增加使得全表面的换热系数增大,换热增强程度减弱. 相似文献
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