基于PRA的交会对接任务可靠性评估

为有效评估交会对接任务过程的可靠性指标,提出了基于概率风险评价（PRA）的交会对接任务可靠性评估方法,该方法是通过事件树描述各事件或功能的可靠性与任务可靠性之间的关系,同时通过概率风险模型描述事件或功能的可靠性与设备可靠性之间的关系。根据我国航天领域可靠性工作现状,提出了交会对接过程可靠性评估的工程流程。     

Image Quality assessment for Chang＇E-1 IIM 2C Data

嫦娥一号干涉成像光谱仪（IIM）获取的多波段图像数据对于月表矿物成分反演具有重要意义.从目视质量、客观参数、几何配准精度、图像质量随时间的变化情况等方面对IIM 2C级的多波段图像数据质量进行了评价.结果显示,其两端波段范围的图像质量较差,不能有效识别月表单元,中间波段图像质量较好;自然色图像显示IIM数据存在明显的横向色调不均一性.利用图像的客观评价指标（辐射精度、清晰度、信息量）将干涉成像光谱仪图像数据与美国Clementine UV-VIS多光谱图像数据进行对比分析,结果表明,IIM数据清晰度好于ClementineUV-VIS,而在方差和信息量上弱于Clementine UV-VIS.将IIM图像数据与Clementine多光谱数据统一到相同的空间分辨率,进行配准精度评价,其最大控制点配准误差为0.63 pixel.此外,还对时间跨度两个月覆盖月表同一区域的IIM图像数据从辐射精度、信息量和清晰度方面进行了评价.     

中国微藻航空煤油制备潜能及CO2减排

综合考虑中国各地温度变化、水资源和CO₂的供给能力等因素,分析了中国适合微拟球藻规模化养殖的地区;根据2013年沿海地区燃煤发电排放CO₂量,结合蓬莱地区微拟球藻规模化养殖的实际数据,预测了中国微藻的年产量潜力及在现有技术水平下利用这些微藻原料可制备航空煤油的潜力;并采用全生命周期模型GREET计算了微藻航空煤油相比传统石油基航空煤油在全生命周期内中可减少CO₂的排放量。结果表明:目前中国具有每年8894万t的微藻养殖潜力,这些微藻共可制备航空煤油1917万t;与传统航煤相比,制备1 t微藻航空煤油在全生命周期内相比传统航空煤油可降低CO₂排放2.28 t。     

EASA CS-25最新修正案及持续修订体系综述

通过介绍欧洲航空安全局审定规范CS-25的修订历程,总结概述了CS-25的最新修正案,分析了CS-25与CCAR-25的规章差异;重点介绍CS-25的规章修订规划(RMP)和欧洲航空安全规划(EPAS),可为国内适航当局修订运输类航空器适航标准、建立适航技术规章持续修订体系以及航空制造单位申请EASA型号合格证提供一定的参考。     

北斗RDSS用户机测试系统关键技术研究

为了实现对北斗RDSS用户机检测的需求,研制了专用测试系统。介绍北斗RDSS用户机测试系统的基本组成和工作原理,分析了测试系统研制涉及到的部分关键技术：系统建模仿真、RDSS出站信号模拟、RDSS入站信号接收、入站信号质量分析等,最后列举了所研制的测试系统到达的主要技术指标。     

分离模块航天器综合评估方法研究

以分离模块航天器概念设计阶段的方案评估分析为目标,提出一种基于数学建模和蒙特卡洛模拟的定量化评估分析方法框架。首先,定义了分离模块航天器生命周期状态及其转移过程,建立了状态转移概率矩阵,将生命周期不确定风险因素在状态转移过程中加以考虑;进而,基于系统状态模型建立了分离模块航天器生命周期成本和净收益计算模型;然后,以生命周期成本和净收益的均值和标准差作为评价指标,提出了基于蒙特卡洛模拟的综合评估仿真分析方法;最后,采用典型设计案例进行了分析与验证。     

针对机载应用的H.264编码器评估方法

本文针对机载图像实时压缩的应用需求,讨论了一种H.264编码器性能的评估方法.该方法以典型的机载视频画面为测试序列,对编码器设定一组恒定QP值进行编码,将压缩后码流比特率与标准算法对比,评判编码器性能的优劣.通过对三种不同编码器的测试对比,证明了该评估方法的有效性.     

基于协同设计的民机安全性分析系统研究

阐述了访问控制机制和冲突检测机制等民机安全性协同设计关键技术。分析了民用飞机安全设计评估程序,基于协同设计提出民机安全性系统总体框架,初步建立了民机安全性协同设计平台。     

Canadian advanced life support capacities and future directions

Canada began research on space-relevant biological life support systems in the early 1990s. Since that time Canadian capabilities have grown tremendously, placing Canada among the emerging leaders in biological life support systems. The rapid growth of Canadian expertise has been the result of several factors including a large and technically sophisticated greenhouse sector which successfully operates under challenging climatic conditions, well planned technology transfer strategies between the academic and industrial sectors, and a strong emphasis on international research collaborations. Recent activities such as Canada’s contribution of the Higher Plant Compartment of the European Space Agency’s MELiSSA Pilot Plant and the remote operation of the Arthur Clarke Mars Greenhouse in the Canadian High Arctic continue to demonstrate Canadian capabilities with direct applicability to advanced life support systems. There is also a significant latent potential within Canadian institutions and organizations with respect to directly applicable advanced life support technologies. These directly applicable research interests include such areas as horticultural management strategies (for candidate crops), growth media, food processing, water management, atmosphere management, energy management, waste management, imaging, environment sensors, thermal control, lighting systems, robotics, command and data handling, communications systems, structures, in-situ resource utilization, space analogues and mission operations. With this background and in collaboration with the Canadian aerospace industry sector, a roadmap for future life support contributions is presented here. This roadmap targets an objective of at least 50% food closure by 2050 (providing greater closure in oxygen, water recycling and carbon dioxide uptake). The Canadian advanced life support community has chosen to focus on lunar surface infrastructure and not low Earth orbit or transit systems (i.e. microgravity applications). To advance the technical readiness for the proposed lunar missions, including a lunar plant growth lander, lunar “salad machine” (i.e. small scale plant production unit) and a full scale lunar plant production system, a suite of terrestrial developments and analogue systems are proposed. As has been successfully demonstrated by past Canadian advanced life support activities, terrestrial technology transfer and the development of highly qualified personnel will serve as key outputs for Canadian advanced life support system research programs. This approach is designed to serve the Canadian greenhouse industry by developing compliance measures for mitigating environmental impact, reducing labour and energy costs as well as improving Canadian food security, safety and benefit northern/remote communities.     

航空发动机可靠性评估中故障样本时效性分析

通过故障数据建立可靠性模型反映系统可靠性状态的变化具有一定的滞后性,随着发动机可靠性水平的不断提高,对航空发动机进行可靠性评估需要将早期故障样本进行时效性处理.提出衰减因子 α 用于表示故障强度的衰弱程度,对Gompertz可靠性增长模型改进得到故障的衰减函数,来描述故障强度的衰弱过程;用Bayes方法合理利用发动机全部故障样本进行数据融合,可有效解决样本的时效性问题.对在研的某涡扇发动机进行故障统计分析,研究了典型故障模式的时效性变化,结果表明:考虑样本的时效性后进行可靠性评估对发动机当前的可靠性水平能给予更加科学的评价.