利用掩星温度数据推算大气月平均纬向风场

为了弥补中高层大气风场探测数据的不足,对2007年COSMIC全球掩星在20～60km高度内的温度数据进行网格化插值,利用梯度风计算方法,计算得到20～60km高度内的月平均纬向风场,分别与ECMWF再分析数据和HWM07模式进行对比分析.结果表明,利用COSMIC温度数据计算得出的纬向风与ECMWF的纬向风十分接近,而与HWM07结果有一定差异,但总体变化趋势一致.与ECMWF再分析数据相比,利用COSMIC温度数据计算的月平均纬向风场平均偏差为-1.50～-0.08m·^-1,标准差为1.50～11.95m·^-1.与HWM07模式风场相比,利用COSMIC温度计算的月平均纬向风场平均偏差为-0.83～1.21m·^-1,标准差为3.69～11.14m·^-1.     

An improved approach to model regional ionosphere and accelerate convergence for precise point positioning

Given the severe effects of the ionosphere on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals, single-frequency (SF) precise point positioning (PPP) users can only achieve decimeter-level positioning results. Ionosphere-free combinations can eliminate the majority of ionospheric delay, but increase observation noise and slow down dual-frequency (DF) PPP convergence. In this paper, we develop a regional ionosphere modeling and rapid convergence approach to improve SF PPP (SFPPP) accuracy and accelerate DF PPP (DFPPP) convergence speed. Instead of area model, ionospheric delay is modeled for each satellite to be used as a priori correction. With the ionospheric, wide-lane uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) and residuals satellite DCBs product, the wide-lane observations for DF users change to be high-precision pseudorange observations. The validation of a continuously operating reference station (CORS) network was analyzed. The experimental results confirm that the approach considerably improves the accuracy of SFPPP. For DF users, convergence time is substantially reduced.     

被动型星载氢钟H型气体电离模型及参数优化

针对被动型星载氢钟气体电离装置低功耗、低电磁干扰的设计要求,设计了一种基于平面盘绕馈能天线的H型电离系统,并建立该电离方法的数学模型。首先,由Maxwell方程出发,推导出了电离泡中的电场和磁场的分布模型,得到气体电离机制;再由电磁场的分布方程推导出氢气击穿判据表达式,建立了气体电离条件的数学模型;最后,利用电离击穿条件判据方程优化了电离装置的设计参数。数值仿真与测试表明该模型是有效的,采用优化的设计参数可以使电离功耗和电磁干扰特性得到改善,且电离直流电源总功率可小于2W。     

太阳质子事件中短期预报模型研究

太阳质子事件通量的预测对航天器抗辐射加固设计和航天员出舱活动具有非常重要的意义.针对一年以下的航天任务,利用经验统计方法,确认太阳活跃年和太阳平静年期间,1——365天不同时间段内 > 10MeV,> 30MeV和 > 60MeV的太阳质子事件积分通量符合对数正态分布,且通量对数的标准偏差σ和期望值μ随任务期时间的变化满足对数函数形式.以此为基础,构建太阳质子通量的中短期预报模型.该模型能够针对太阳活跃年和太阳平静年,给出一定置信度下1——365天不同时间内 > 10MeV,> 30MeV和 > 60MeV的质子事件通量分布,从而为执行中短期航天任务提供太阳质子事件通量的预测,以规避不必要的风险.     

基于共享模型的工作流表单系统设计

表单是应用系统中信息传递的主要载体.分别分析了表单系统和工作流系统的运行过程,分析了传统表单工作流系统中表单与工作流的结合方式,研究了基于建模的方式对表单模型和工作流模型进行定义,并在建模过程中对二者进行结合,同时采用分域的方式对工作流表单进行划分并在同一流程模型中共享同一表单,并提出了一种基于共享模型的工作流表单系统的开发方法,该方法采用表单引擎和工作流引擎技术,分离表单数据和工作流数据的处理,按表单模型和流程模型的结合点定义使工作流引擎处理表单数据,对该方法的过程和特点也进行了详细的介绍.      

积冰对飞机纵向操稳特性的量化影响

提出了一种根据气象条件、飞机特征、飞行条件预测积冰对飞机飞行动力学特性影响的估算方法.采用热力学平衡分析方法完成了积冰增长过程的数学描述,利用逐步线性回归方法建立了结冰飞机的气动模型,计算得到了结冰飞机的气动参数,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,表明这种方法具有一定的工程实用性.并在此基础上研究了不同部位积冰对飞机纵向操稳特性的影响,通过数值仿真计算得出,结冰飞机气动特性的急剧恶化会导致其纵向操稳特性显著降低,严重时会危及其飞行安全.      

航天器与空间碎片的混合编队重构控制与应用

针对空间碎片清理问题,提出了一种利用航天器与空间碎片混合编队队形重构控制技术捕获碎片的方法。首先,分析了地/月—日系L2拉格朗日平动点附近的限制性三体环境,并建立了编队卫星相对运动动力学模型;其次,提出了以太阳光压力作为航天器与空间碎片编队队形重构的控制力,实现各从星接近空间碎片的目的;最后,设计了基于线性二次型的最优控制器,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明该方法可控制从星到达期望的位置(空间碎片的位置),且太阳帆板的姿态变化在可控范围内,进而证明了该方案可以应用于复杂空间环境下的碎片清理任务。     

View-dependent progressive transmission and rendering for lunar model based on bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet

Given the fact that the back of the digital lunar model is invisible from any viewpoint, a view-dependent progressive transmission and rendering method for lunar model is proposed and a client-server browsing system is implemented. On the server side, the semi-regular lunar surface is partitioned into dozens of segments, and each segment is compressed independently using bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet and SPIHT. For any viewpoint, only the data of the visible segments are transmitted to the client side progressively, then decoded and locally reconstructed there. This approach not only improves the efficiency of transmission, but also reduces the reconstruction time greatly. We can browse the lunar model on the client almost in realtime.     

A comprehensive numerical model investigating the thermal-dynamic performance of scientific balloon

The increase of balloon applications makes it necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the thermal and dynamic performance of scientific balloons. This paper proposed a novel numerical model to investigate the thermal and dynamic characteristics of scientific balloon in both ascending and floating conditions. The novel model consists of a dynamic model and thermal model, the dynamic model was solved numerically by a computer program developed with Matlab/Simulink to calculate the velocity and trajectory, the thermal model was solved by the Fluent program to find out the balloon film temperature distribution and inner Helium gas velocity and temperature field. These models were verified by comparing the numerical results with experimental data. Then the thermal and dynamic behavior of a scientific balloon in a real environment were simulated and discussed in details.     

Intra-annual variations of the thermospheric density at 400 km altitude from 1996 to 2006

We investigate the intra-annual variations of globally averaged thermospheric density at 400 km altitude from 1996 to 2006 by using Artificial Neural Network Method (ANNM). The results indicate that thermospheric density is governed by solar activity, and the absolute error of our model is 13.67%, less than NRLMSISE-00 model. Fourier representation can catch the intra-annual variations more accurately than NRLMSISE-00 model and JB2008 model especially during 2002. We find that the Autumn maximum is slightly greater than Spring maximum during solar minimum, while the reverse is correct during solar maximum. There is a strong linear relation between solar activity and the amplitude of annual/semiannual variations, and the correlation coefficients are 0.9534 and 0.9424, respectively. Moreover, the amplitude ratio of the annual to semiannual variation is about 1.3 averaged, and changes in different years, but it has little relation with solar activity. Besides that, the amplitude of annual variation is larger than semiannual variation during 1996 and 2006 except 1998 and 2000. The relative error of NRLMSISE-00 model is 14.95%, decreasing to 12.49% after revising, and the correlation coefficients between this empirical model and its improved results and the observation are 0.8185 and 0.9210, respectively. Finally, we suggest the revised version of MSIS series of model should use the Fourier representation to express the intra-annual variations.