考虑等待时间约束的不完美生产系统的产出优化

针对某些生产系统存在等待时间约束及设备劣化引起产品质量损失这2个问题,构建了系统的缓冲区控制和预防性维护的联合优化模型。首先,利用伽马过程对下游瓶颈工作站的劣化过程进行建模,并考虑由于其状态劣化引起的产品质量损失;其次,在此基础上,将工件的到达、中间缓冲区及下游工作站的加工过程视为一排队系统,引入M/G/1/K排队模型分别求解了在制品(WIP)被阻塞和超出等待时间约束的概率;最后,以最大化系统的"有效产出"为目标,对系统的预防性维护和缓冲区控制作了联合优化。数值实例表明:本文所提模型是切实、有效的,对带等待时间约束的生产系统的缓冲区控制、预防性维护以及产出提高具有一定的指导意义。     

Systematic examination of the geomagnetic storm sudden commencement using multi resolution analysis

Geomagnetic storm sudden commencements (SSC) contain a wealth of information which is useful in many applications. It is important to point out that the SSCs used in this study are sampled at the rate of one sample per second in order get use of such high resolution data. In this paper, two studies are made on the geomagnetic SSC and an SSC onset automatic detection algorithm is introduced. The first study is about finding the relationship between the SSC rise time and its amplitude. Where it is found that there is a positive correlation between the amplitude and the amplitude gradient which is the amplitude divided by rise time. The second study is checking the spectrum of the SSC, starting from its onset until the end of the SSC rise time. This check had proved that the SSC contains both low and high frequency regions. This led us to introduce a new term, namely the SSC variation rate (VR). This VR is defined as the maximum rate of change of the field in the higher-frequency region of the SSC. These two studies were the guide to build an SSC automatic detector of one sample per second data using multi resolution analysis (MRA) of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The data set contains 134 SSCs with different VRs that were collected from the Circum-pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN). It is found that the standard deviation of the detection error is 41 s and that the average error is 9 s. From the calculated error distribution function, it is found that the detection error is within the range of −1.5 to 3 min. The detection process, as will be shown in the article, takes 70 s for one station and 3 min if the decision is related to the detection(s) of other stations. These results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms in which the detection error ranges between −8 and 5 min and the detection process takes 2–10 min. In addition to being faster and more accurate than the other algorithms, the proposed algorithm is the first algorithm that automatically detects the SSC onset times from high-resolution data unlike previous studies that focused on determining the SSC times automatically using one-minute resolution data.     

超高负荷低压涡轮叶型边界层被动控制

应用商用流体计算软件求解定常雷诺平均N-S方程组耦合Lantry-Menter转捩模型,对来流湍流度1.5%,不同进口雷诺数下,前加载超高负荷低压涡轮叶型进行了数值模拟。在与相关实验数据对比的基础上,研究了三种被动控制方式的控制效果与控制机理。结果表明:弧形凹槽的最佳开槽位置在分离点,最佳深宽比为0.15,表面拌线和矩形条的最佳加载位置在速度峰值点与分离点的中点;控制方式能否有效与其增加的掺混损失和减少的分离损失有关;三种控制方式均通过产生小漩涡来增加低能流体与高能流体之间的交换,从而加速转捩减小分离泡降低叶型损失。     

攻击机编队对地攻击之伤亡评估

攻击机编队对地攻击是现代战争的主要攻击方式之一,但同时也受到各种防空火力的反击,文中针对防空火力对攻击机编队的各种反击方式,分析了攻击机的伤亡情况。     

飞机大部件自动对接同步调姿方法

提出了飞机大部件自动对接同步调姿方法,实现了大部件调姿基准点的连续自动跟踪测量和位姿连续调整.在此基础上开发了集测量场构建、大部件位姿解算和调整等功能于一体的大部件自动对接集成控制软件,并在ARJ21飞机翼身自动对接现场进行了应用试验,结果证明该方法能有效完成飞机翼身自动对接过程,提高测量和对接效率.     

Theoretical modeling of vectoring dual synthetic jet based on regression analysis

The excellent vectoring characteristic of Dual Synthetic Jet (DSJ) provides a new control strategy for the active flow control, such as thrust vectoring control, large area cooling, separated flow control and so on. For incompressible flow, the influence relation of source variables, such as structure parameters of actuators, driving parameters and material attributes of piezoelectric vibrating diaphragm, on the vectoring DSJ and a theoretical model are established based on theoretical and regression analysis, which are all verified by numerical simulations. The two synthetic jets can be deemed as a main flow with a higher jet velocity and a disturbing flow with a lower jet velocity. The results indicate that the influence factors contain the low-pressure area formed at the exit of the disturbing flow, which could promote the vectoring deflection, and the impact effect of the disturbing flow and the suppressive effect of the main flow with the effect of restraining the vectoring deflection. The vectoring angle is a complex parameter coupled by all source variables. The detailed theoretical model, whose error is controlled within 3.6 degrees, can be used to quantitatively assess the vectoring feature of DSJ and thus to provide a guidance for designing the control law applied in the active flow control.     

离心压气机级串列叶栅扩压器内流场的数值研究

对某一带串列叶栅扩压器的离心压气机级进行了数值模拟,分析了串列叶栅扩压器后排叶片不同周向位置对压气机级流动及性能的影响.结果表明:串列叶栅扩压器性能优于单列叶栅扩压器,其后排叶片在不同周向位置处效率和压比均优于单列叶栅扩压器,效率提高幅度能达到1.9%,压比的提高幅度为2.85%.串列扩压器分流叶片的周向位置对其内部流动情况有显著影响,两排叶片之间存在一个最佳位置使扩压器损失最小.串列叶栅扩压器的主要损失集中在50%叶高以上的区域.      

涡轮间隙泄漏涡破碎对损失的影响

采用数值方法联合标准k-ω两方程湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程组,研究了不同间隙高度下GE-E³（Energy Efficient Engine）涡轮第一级动叶顶部间隙泄漏涡（TLV）的破碎特性及其对泄漏损失的影响。首先描述了泄漏涡的破碎现象,并对其动力学特性进行了理论分析,接着研究了间隙高度对泄漏涡结构及破碎特性的影响,最后对泄漏涡破碎与损失的关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明：涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏涡具有不稳定特性,当泄漏涡具有足够的强度可以克服通道涡卷吸形成完整涡结构时,在叶片后半部分逆压区发生了涡破碎现象,带来了额外的涡破碎损失;间隙高度对泄漏涡破碎位置的影响比较明显,在大间隙下泄漏涡趋于相对稳定;叶顶泄漏流产生的掺混损失以泄漏涡的破碎为标志分为两个阶段,大量的掺混损失发生在泄漏涡破碎之后,这也是叶顶泄漏流产生损失的主要部分。     

约束阻尼型镗杆的优化及减振性能

孔加工过程中镗杆的切削颤振影响着表面加工质量和加工精度,约束阻尼型镗杆可有效抑制这种切削振动,但其作用机理未被完全研究清楚,导致其抑制振动的效果一般。对约束阻尼型镗杆的结构优化、材料优选及减振性能进行了理论和实验研究。首先,根据Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性力学模型理论建立了镗杆的动力学模型,研究证实增大镗杆的静刚度和结构损耗因子能提高其减振性能从而提高孔加工质量;其次,基于建立的约束阻尼型镗杆静刚度和结构损耗因子理论公式,对其进行结构优化、材料优选。结果显示:存在一个最佳尺寸范围可减小镗杆在主要工作频域段上的振动,同时所选用的阻尼层应具有较小的弹性模量和较大的材料损耗因子,约束层材料应具有较大的弹性模量;最后,设计制造4种不同材料的约束阻尼型镗杆,通过模态实验获得静刚度、结构损耗因子,并与理论计算结果进行对比分析,同时研究切削过程中约束阻尼型镗杆的材料及切削参数对减振性能的影响。结果显示:约束阻尼型镗杆能有效减小径向振动以提高加工质量,不同材料的约束阻尼型镗杆在切削过程中径向振动差别较大,优化后的钢-PMMA-硬质合金镗杆在不同切深及转速下的径向振动加速度较小且更加稳定。     

数字多用表自动检定校准系统

本文介绍了一种数字多用表的自动检定校准系统的构成及软件设计 ,并对系统软件的设计方法 ,主要功能及主要特色进行了讨论。