旋转三子样高精度捷联惯性导航算法

针对捷联惯导系统高精度导航的需求,以螺旋理论为基础,采用螺旋补偿三子样推导出对偶四元数所表示的捷联惯导算法,并同时对载体的姿态、速度、位置进行更新,并以四阶截断三角级数近似三角函数进行对偶四元数更新和螺旋矢量更新。仿真和跑车实验结果表明：螺旋三子样捷联惯性导航算法的导航精度比一般四元数算法提高约15%,为相关领域的研究与实际应用提供参考。     

Detection of sub-kilometer craters in high resolution planetary images using shape and texture features

Counting craters is a paramount tool of planetary analysis because it provides relative dating of planetary surfaces. Dating surfaces with high spatial resolution requires counting a very large number of small, sub-kilometer size craters. Exhaustive manual surveys of such craters over extensive regions are impractical, sparking interest in designing crater detection algorithms (CDAs). As a part of our effort to design a CDA, which is robust and practical for planetary research analysis, we propose a crater detection approach that utilizes both shape and texture features to identify efficiently sub-kilometer craters in high resolution panchromatic images. First, a mathematical morphology-based shape analysis is used to identify regions in an image that may contain craters; only those regions - crater candidates - are the subject of further processing. Second, image texture features in combination with the boosting ensemble supervised learning algorithm are used to accurately classify previously identified candidates into craters and non-craters. The design of the proposed CDA is described and its performance is evaluated using a high resolution image of Mars for which sub-kilometer craters have been manually identified. The overall detection rate of the proposed CDA is 81%, the branching factor is 0.14, and the overall quality factor is 72%. This performance is a significant improvement over the previous CDA based exclusively on the shape features. The combination of performance level and computational efficiency offered by this CDA makes it attractive for practical application.     

基于瞬时无功功率理论和模糊PID控制的三相不平衡补偿算法

为满足三相不平衡飞机电网的无功功率实时补偿要求,设计了一种新型的静止无功补偿器（SVC）控制系统。该系统采用瞬时无功功率理论来精确检测基波正序和负序电压、电流,并推导出补偿导纳的表达式;SVC的整体控制采用了开环和闭环控制相结合的控制算法,并在闭环控制算法中,提出了自适应非线性模糊控制器在无功补偿控制系统中的应用方案。该方案结合了模糊控制和PID控制2种方法的优点,根据系统状况改变PID控制器的参数,以达到更好的动态控制效果。仿真研究结果表明,该新型SVC控制系统对于提高功率因数和补偿三相不平衡,具有响应快、精度高的控制效果。     

铷光谱灯老化自动测试设备研制与应用

介绍了铷光谱灯老化自动测试设备的研制与应用,应用ATE技术实现了铷光谱灯的批量老化及长期自动测量,为筛选评估提供数据,解决了高性能铷原子钟的产品化研制和小型铷原子钟批量生产中的重要问题。系统功能完善、测量准确度高、软件界面清晰、操作简单,有效改进了铷原子钟研制生产的工艺水平,提高了研制生产过程的信息化程度。     

回转体自动铺丝轨迹规划与覆盖性分析

针对航空航天工业领域的复合材料回转体类构件,研究了回转体自动铺丝轨迹规划和 覆盖性问题。应用一般回转体的数学模型,建立了基于解析解的自动铺丝轨迹规划模型。在 此基础上,利用测地线的特性,建立了相邻铺丝轨迹中心线之间距离与丝数的对应关系,提 出了一种覆盖性分析方法以处理可能出现的丝束重叠或空隙。根据上述算法,开发了CATIA
V5R18环境下的回转体复合材料CAD软件,并进行了实例验证。结果表明：生成的铺丝轨迹效 果较好,裁剪后的丝束能均匀覆盖在构件表面,满足工艺设计要求和工程需要。
     

卫星用光纤陀螺三轴组合的关键技术

研究了空间环境对光纤陀螺各项指标的影响,设计了一种新颖的卫星用光纤陀螺三轴组合.针对空间辐射、温度循环和真空环境对光纤陀螺的影响进行了模拟实验,通过分析实验数据得到了空间环境对光纤陀螺主要参数的影响机理.利用最小二乘滤波的方法建立了偏置误差模型,利用查表法建立了标度因数误差模型,并用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实时进行零偏和标度因数补偿,补偿后陀螺输出零偏稳定性为0.1(°)/h.同时详细分析了陀螺在空间低角速度环境下产生死区的原因,并利用周期相位扰动调制的方法消除了死区.在卫星用光纤陀螺三轴组合的设计中,实现了光源复用和冗余、空间主动和被动防护措施、在轨故障诊断等技术.      

利用调频信号实现低频振动传感器的快速校准

为了充分提高超低频振动校准系统的实用性,针对低频传感器校准的需要和该系统的特点,提出了利用调频正弦波作为激励信号,只需要一次测量即可实现对低频振动传感器的校准,校准时间由几十分钟缩短到几分钟甚至1min之内,校准效率大大提高.为了避免由于系统幅频特性不理想而在较高频段对传感器校准精度不高的缺点,提出了利用系统的动态频率特性和线性调频波时频域相关的特性,设计相应的数字补偿滤波器实现对信号源的瞬时补偿,从而实现振动台的线性调频振动.实验结果表明,振动台能够输出较补偿前更为理想的线性调频波,校准结果也更接近绝对校准,且重复性好,同时满足了校准效率和精度的要求.      

光纤光栅预拉力调节方法与温度补偿分析

为了在光纤光栅的封装阶段产生预期的应变,需要对光纤光栅施加一定的预拉力。通过设计刀口铰链形式的平衡杠杆机构,保证了光纤不发生弯曲,并最大限度的减少了摩擦力带来的不稳定因素。利用调节块的重力并设置不同的作用点,可以对作用于光纤光栅的轴向拉力进行调节,从而改变光栅的间隔周期,得到准确的应变与反射波长值。通过计算得到温度补偿比,在相应位置处点胶固化并进行调节,从而完成光纤光栅的封装。     

一种改进的直接转矩控制在舰炮拖动系统中的应用研究

传统直接转矩控制中,低速时磁链竹计模型偏差严重,转矩脉动较大。文中提山了对定子电压降反馈补偿的磁链修正模型以及离散空间矢量调制等改进方法。仿真结果说明,低速时磁链计算结果得到了较大改善,同时转矩脉动得到了较好的控制。     

A Lamb wave signal reconstruction method for high-resolution damage imaging

In Lamb wave-based Structural Health Monitoring(SHM), a high-enough spatial resolution is highly required for Lamb wave signals to ensure the resolution and accuracy of damage detection. However, besides the dispersion characteristic, the signal spatial resolution is also largely restricted by the space duration of excitation waveforms, i.e., the Initial Spatial Resolution(ISR)for the signals before travelling. To resolve the problem of inferior signal spatial resolution of Lamb waves, a Lamb Wave Signal Reconstruction(LWSR) method is presented and applied for highresolution damage imaging in this paper. In LWSR, not only a new linearly-dispersive signal is reconstructed from an original Lamb wave signal, but also the group velocity at the central frequency is sufficiently decreased. Then, both dispersion compensation and ISR improvement can be realized to achieve a satisfying signal spatial resolution. After the frequency domain sensing model and spatial resolution of Lamb wave signals are firstly analyzed, the basic idea and numerical realization of LWSR are discussed. Numerical simulations are also implemented to preliminarily validate LWSR. Subsequently, LWSR-based high-resolution damage imaging is developed. An experiment of adjacent multiple damage identification is finally conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of LWSR and LWSR-based imaging methods.