捷联惯导姿态误差修正算法研究与仿真

组合导航卡尔曼滤波对姿态角进行修正时,将惯导的平台角误差近似为姿态误差,会带来较大的数学模型误差,从而影响测姿精度。通过分析组合姿态算法中姿态作为量测信息时平台角误差与姿态角误差物理意义的不同,得到了两者的转换关系,从量测矩阵修正和观测值预处理两个方面对原有的姿态组合算法进行改进,有效降低了数学模型误差。仿真结果表明,改进后的姿态组合算法误差状态估算更加精确,能够有效地提高组合导航的测姿精度。     

精密离心机上加速度计安装姿态误差和主轴姿态误差对测试的影响

在精密离心机上进行加速度计测试和标定时 ,加速度计的安装姿态误差和精密离心机主轴姿态误差是影响加速度计测试和标定准确度的重要因素。给出这些姿态误差对加速度计测试的影响量 ,指出当这些姿态误差超过一定限度时要考虑这些姿态误差的影响 。     

Nonlinear filtering for sequential spacecraft attitude estimation with real data: Cubature Kalman Filter,Unscented Kalman Filter and Extended Kalman Filter

This article compares the attitude estimated by nonlinear estimator Cubature Kalman Filter with results obtained by the Extended Kalman Filter and Unscented Kalman Filter. Currently these estimators are the subject of great interest in attitude estimation problems, however, mostly the Extended Kalman Filter has been applied to real problems of this nature. In order to evaluate the behavior of the Extended Kalman Filter, Unscented Kalman Filter and Cubature Kalman Filter algorithms when submitted to realistic situations, this paper uses real data of sensors on-board the CBERS-2 remote sensing satellite (China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite). It is observed that, for the case studied in this article, the filters are very competitive and present advantages and disadvantages that should be dealt with according to the requirements of the problem.     

箔式镱应力传感器的动态压阻特性研究

利用空气炮对研制的箔式镱应力传感器的动态压阻特性进行了校准,给出了传感器响应的校准拟合直线方程和线性误差,表明该传感器具有量程范围宽、频响高、线性度较高、温度系数小等特点,可广泛应用于强冲击荷载下混凝土或岩石等介质中的应力测试.     

星间时间同步系统及零值标定研究

空间卫星的相对距离和钟面时差的准确测量,是实现多星之间时间同步,完成特定任务的重要基础。在介绍空间星间测试验证系统与双向单程距离和时差测量的基础上,提出一种闭环自测的零值标定方法。经理论分析和测试验证表明,所测数据稳定可靠,能够满足实际测量的要求。     

8m×6m风洞新型高精度外式天平研制

介绍了为8m×6m风洞研制的一台新型外式天平的用途、测量能力、测量原理和一些新的设计思想。静态校准结果表明：该天平全部达到了设计要求,精密度和准确度都达到了较高的水平,可以满足多种型号试验和研究的需要。     

Langley method applied in study of aerosol optical depth in the Brazilian semiarid region using 500, 670 and 870 nm bands for sun photometer calibration

Due to the high costs of commercial monitoring instruments, a portable sun photometer was developed at INPE/CRN laboratories, operating in four bands, with two bands in the visible spectrum and two in near infrared. The instrument calibration process is performed by applying the classical Langley method. Application of the Langley’s methodology requires a site with high optical stability during the measurements, which is usually found in high altitudes. However, far from being an ideal site, Harrison et al. (1994) report success with applying the Langley method to some data for a site in Boulder, Colorado. Recently, Liu et al. (2011) show that low elevation sites, far away from urban and industrial centers can provide a stable optical depth, similar to high altitudes. In this study we investigated the feasibility of applying the methodology in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil, far away from pollution areas with low altitudes, for sun photometer calibration. We investigated optical depth stability using two periods of measurements in the year during dry season in austral summer. The first one was in December when the native vegetation naturally dries, losing all its leaves and the second one was in September in the middle of the dry season when the vegetation is still with leaves. The data were distributed during four days in December 2012 and four days in September 2013 totaling eleven half days of collections between mornings and afternoons and by means of fitted line to the data V₀ values were found. Despite the high correlation between the collected data and the fitted line, the study showed a variation between the values of V₀ greater than allowed for sun photometer calibration. The lowest V₀ variation reached in this experiment with values lower than 3% for the bands 500, 670 and 870 nm are displayed in tables. The results indicate that the site needs to be better characterized with studies in more favorable periods, soon after the rainy season.     

考虑控制饱和的编队飞行卫星姿态协同控制

研究了考虑控制输入饱和的编队飞行卫星姿态协同控制问题,提出了一种非线性饱和协同控制器.与单颗卫星输入受限控制中通常选用双曲正切函数不同,引入了一个新的连续可微的非线性饱和函数向量,以保证连续控制输入的有界性,并便于姿态协同系统的稳定性分析.基于闭环姿态协同系统在期望跟踪角速度不同取值情况下属于自主或非自主系统的特点,分别采用LaSalle不变原理和Barbalat引理对不同情况下的协同控制系统的稳定性进行了分析,得出了系统渐近稳定的结论.仿真结果表明,这种非线性协同控制器,既能实现编队卫星的姿态协同,又能确保控制输入的有界性.     

基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航研究

本文提出了一种基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法,作为解决未来高轨道卫星自主运行的先决条件。在整个系统中,以包含摄动项的HILL 方程作为状态方程,根据由姿态敏感器给出的卫星本体相对于地球和另外两个空间天体的方位,推导出测量方程,进而用简化的推广 Kalman 滤波算法进行状态估计。仿真表明,该方法收敛速度快,精度较高,是一种可行的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法。