具有参数不确定性的飞行器的变结构姿态控制

研究一类具有惯性参数不确定性和气动力矩参数不确定性的飞行器的姿态控制。设计了基于时间尺度分离的两环变结构姿态控制系统，选取含有跟踪误差及其积分函数的滑动超平面，先对能达阶段的收敛性进行了基于李雅普洛夫函数的证明，再对闭环系统的稳定性进行了证明，最后对该控制系统进行了基于Simulink的仿真，仿真结果证实了该控制策略的鲁棒性和可行性。     

一种可用于微波辐射计热定标源的测温控温系统

介绍测温控温的微波热定标源研究中所用的热定标源的结构及测温控温电路系统     

红外地平仪姿态测量误差模型

分析得出地球扁率和红外辐射是扫描式红外地平仪测量误差的主要原因。针对地球扁率，基于方位角的确定，分别给出了滚动角和俯仰角的测量误差模型。在地球红外辐射方面，给出了确定地平仪扫人、扫出点位置的方法，进而给出地球红外辐射误差的计算方法。最后，通过算例，给出了有关仿真结果，对方法的有效性进行了验证。     

充液卫星平放式贮箱内液体晃动的等效力学模型

本文研究带平放式贮箱的三轴定向充液卫星的液体晃动及其姿态动力学问题，建立了充液系统的等效力学模型，并由该模型研究了充液卫星的姿态稳定性，得到了主刚体作平面摆动时系统的姿态稳定性判据     

可压缩流体恒温热线风速仪校准方法

开展了恒温(CT)热线风速仪校准方法的研究,以满足可压缩流体中湍流度测量需求。将对数函数与多元回归技术相结合,建立了恒温热线风速仪校准的数学模型,并进行了风洞湍流度测量试验验证。在马赫数Ma=0.3~0.55范围内进行了校准试验,根据建立的数学模型对试验数据进行拟合,拟合优度R2=0.999 82,平均绝对速度偏差Δu=0.18m/s,基本满足了恒温热线风速仪校准精度要求。对马赫数Ma=0.55条件下流场进行了湍流度测量,速度测量偏差为0.034%,流场湍流度Tu=0.14%。试验结果证明了恒温热线风速仪应用于可压缩流体速度测量的可行性。     

权值动态分配的加权平均法在姿态解算中的应用

鉴于各种姿态算法解算后的精度不高,提出将加权平均法应用于捷联惯导系统的姿态解算中.针对实际应用中无法准确获得姿态角度的真实值这一情况,提出对解算误差进行实时估计的方法,再基于最优权值分配的原则进行权值动态分配.对几种姿态解算算法进行了有效的融合,并应用到姿态解算模块的实际测量中.测量结果分析表明此种方法很大程度上减少了单一算法的解算误差及测量的误差,提高了测量的精度.     

Development and verification of an innovative photomultiplier calibration system with a 10-fold increase in photometer resolution

In this study, we construct a photomultiplier calibration system. This calibration system can help scientists measuring and establishing the characteristic curve of the photon count versus light intensity. The system uses an innovative 10-fold optical attenuator to enable an optical power meter to calibrate photomultiplier tubes which have the resolution being much greater than that of the optical power meter. A simulation is firstly conducted to validate the feasibility of the system, and then the system construction, including optical design, circuit design, and software algorithm, is realized. The simulation generally agrees with measurement data of the constructed system, which are further used to establish the characteristic curve of the photon count versus light intensity.     

GPS monitoring of vertical seafloor motion at Platform Harvest

We describe results from two decades of monitoring vertical seafloor motion at the Harvest oil platform, NASA’s prime verification site for the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason series of reference altimeter missions. Using continuous GPS observations, we refine estimates of the platform subsidence—due most likely to fluid withdrawal linked to oil production—and describe the impact on estimates of stability for the altimeter measurement systems. The cumulative seafloor subsidence over 20 yrs is approximately 10 cm, but the rate does not appear constant. The apparent non-linear nature of the vertical motion, coupled with long-period GPS errors, implies that the quality of the seafloor motion estimates is not uniform over the 20-yr period. For the Jason-1 era (2002–2009), competing estimates for the subsidence show agreement to better than 1 mm yr⁻¹. Longer durations of data are needed before the seafloor motion estimates for the Jason-2 era (2008–present) can approach this level of accuracy.     

Relative position and attitude estimation of spacecrafts based on dual quaternion for rendezvous and docking

The capacity to acquire the relative position and attitude information between the chaser and the target satellites in real time is one of the necessary prerequisites for the successful implementation of autonomous rendezvous and docking. This paper addresses a vision based relative position and attitude estimation algorithm for the final phase of spacecraft rendezvous and docking. By assuming that the images of feature points on the target satellite lie within the convex regions, the estimation of the relative position and attitude is converted into solving a convex optimization problem in which the dual quaternion method is employed to represent the rotational and translational transformation between the chaser body frame and the target body frame. Due to the point-to-region correspondence instead of the point-to-point correspondence is used, the proposed estimation algorithm shows good performance in robustness which is verified through computer simulations.     

Testing a new multivariate GNSS carrier phase attitude determination method for remote sensing platforms

GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems)-based attitude determination is an important field of study, since it is a valuable technique for the orientation estimation of remote sensing platforms. To achieve highly accurate angular estimates, the precise GNSS carrier phase observables must be employed. However, in order to take full advantage of the high precision, the unknown integer ambiguities of the carrier phase observables need to be resolved. This contribution presents a GNSS carrier phase-based attitude determination method that determines the integer ambiguities and attitude in an integral manner, thereby fully exploiting the known body geometry of the multi-antennae configuration. It is shown that this integral approach aids the ambiguity resolution process tremendously and strongly improves the capacity of fixing the correct set of integer ambiguities. In this contribution, the challenging scenario of single-epoch, single-frequency attitude determination is addressed. This guarantees a total independence from carrier phase slips and losses of lock, and it also does not require any a priori motion model for the platform. The method presented is a multivariate constrained version of the popular LAMBDA method and it is tested on data collected during an airborne remote sensing campaign.