两种方差在铷原子频标长稳测量中的比较分析

人们通常用阿仑方差 (AllanVariance)来表征原子频标的频率稳定度。在国外 ,测量铷原子频标长期频率稳定度时 ,除采用阿仑方差外 ,也通常运用哈达玛方差 (HadamardVariance)进行表征。本文简要介绍了哈达玛方差和阿仑方差 ,以及两种方差在铷原子频标日频率稳定度测试中的具体应用 ,并对测量结果进行了比较分析。     

一种新型铷汽室频标电路方案

铷汽室频标是各种原子钟中发展最为活跃的 ,由于其独特的外在及内在特点 ,在商用通信、军用车、舰、弹、机载、空间星载导航等领域得以最为广泛的应用。本文首先分析了铷汽室频标对电路部分的要求 ,其次总结了各种铷汽室频标电路方案的特点及发展趋向 ,之后提出了一种新型的电路方案 ,该方案充分利用相关技术的发展 ,克服了传统方案的缺陷 ,是实现高性能铷汽室频标—较佳选择。     

The Iapetus’s ridge: Possible explanations of its origin

Images from the Cassini mission show the existence of a long ridge on Iapetus. It extends at least 1400 km along the great circle defined by the equator. We discuss the possibility that the ridge is a result of extensional forces acting above an ascending current of solid-state convection. A two-cell pattern of convection is a reasonable explanation of the observed feature. Three scenarios of the ridge formation are proposed: spin–orbit resonance scenario, convection in low viscosity-interior scenario, and impact generating flow scenario.     

系统工程内涵、过程及框架探讨

旨在探讨系统工程内涵、过程及框架,初步思考航天器系统工程的建设内容。首先在对数个典型系统工程定义的分析基础上,概括了系统工程内涵及特点;然后分析了系统工程全寿命周期过程及系统研制阶段;最后提出了具有三层次结构的系统工程框架,分析了系统工程组成要素,并初步探讨了航天器系统工程建设思路。     

原子氧对紫外光固化有机硅环氧树脂的作用

通过对光固化有机硅环氧树脂进行地面模拟原子氧效应试验,利用扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线 光电子能谱（XPS）等分析了试验前后试样的质量损失、表面形貌和表面成分等的变化。研 究结果表明,有机硅环氧树脂经紫外光固化后,试样表面被部分氧化,硅氧主链结构中的－ R（甲基或苯基）侧基被不完全氧化成含O的基团结构。在7.43×10 15 atoms／
cm 2·s通量的原子氧暴露8h试验后,试样表面形成一层氧化硅（SiOx）膜,膜 中含65％的SiO2,有助于防止原子氧对材料的进一步侵蚀。     

地形仿真实现

在应用数字仿真法研究导弹地形跟踪飞行的撞地概率时,首先要对导弹飞越的真实地形进行数值模拟.在充分探讨了地形模型和随机过程实现的基础上,采用波叠加法仿真了3种典型地形.研究了子波数对仿真结果的影响,说明选取一定数目的子波即可得到满意的结果.该工作对武器系统评估及撞地概率研究有重要应用价值.      

原子钟噪声的高阶谱分析

处理随机信号通常使用现代谱估计方法,但是这种方法一般只能处理平稳的高斯信号,使用高阶谱分析可以克服这些缺陷。利用现代谱估计法和高阶谱法分别估计原子钟数据的功率谱,并对功率谱进行拟合,可分析原子钟的噪声特性。理论分析及实验结果表明,高阶谱分析能有效处理实际信号中的非平稳非高斯问题。     

A Method of Inversing the Peak Density of Atomic Oxygen Vertical Distribution in the MLT Region From the OI (557.7nm) Night Airglow Intensity

In this paper, using the MSISE-90 model as the reference atmosphere, we discuss the feasibility and method of deducing the peak densities of the undisturbed atomic oxygen profiles in the MLT region (the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region) from OI (557.7 nm) night airglow intersities. The peak densities for different seasons, latitudes and longitudes are deduced from OI (557.7nm) airglow intensities through this expression. We analyze the features of inversion relative errors and discuss the influence of the variations in temperature on inversion errors. The results indicate that all inversion errors are less than 5% except for those at high altitudes in the summer hemisphere. And the impact of the variations in temperature on errors is not significant.     

Effects of the position of the solar wind termination shock and the heliopause on the heliospheric modulation of cosmic rays

The effects of changing the position of the solar wind termination shock and the position of the heliopause, and therefore the extent of the heliosheath, on the modulation of cosmic ray protons are illustrated. An improved numerical model with diffusive termination shock acceleration, a heliosheath and drifts is used. The modulation is computed in the equatorial plane and at 35 heliolatitude using recently derived diffusion coefficients applicable to a number of cosmic ray species during both magnetic polarity cycles of the Sun. It was found that qualitatively the modulation results for the different heliopause positions are similar although they differ quantitatively, e.g., clearly different radial gradients are predicted for the regions beyond the termination shock compared to inside the shock. The difference between the modulation for the two solar polarity cycles are less significant at a heliolatitude of 35° than in the equatorial plane. We found that moving the termination shock from 90 to 100 AU, with the heliopause fixed at 120 AU, caused only quantitative differences so that the exact position of the TS in the outer heliosphere seems not crucially important to global modulation. Moving the heliopause outwards, to represent the modulation in the tail region of the heliosphere, causes overall decreases in the cosmic ray intensities but not linearly as a function of energy, e.g., at 1 GeV the effect is insignificant. We conclude from this modelling that the modulation of protons in the heliospheric nose and tail regions are qualitatively similar although, clear quantitative and interesting differences occur.     

原子氧与航天器表面辉光现象

低地球轨道上的原子氧环境效应不仅造成航天器表面材料的退降,还产生表面辉光现象。文章对辉光现象进行了描述,并介绍了它的起因、可能的机理及对航天器造成的有害影响。