飞机充氧过程燃爆机理分析

结合某型飞机某次充氧过程中的燃爆事故,分析了高压气氧系统的燃爆机理,从绝热压缩、激波等方面对开启阀门瞬间充氧管路内部温升进行了计算。初步分析表明,本次事故的原因可能是阀体内部流动状态的突变导致的温升使尼龙活门自燃。     

A new stochastic model considering satellite clock interpolation errors in precise point positioning

Precise clock products are typically interpolated based on the sampling interval of the observational data when they are used for in precise point positioning. However, due to the occurrence of white noise in atomic clocks, a residual component of such noise will inevitable reside within the observations when clock errors are interpolated, and such noise will affect the resolution of the positioning results. In this paper, which is based on a twenty-one-week analysis of the atomic clock noise characteristics of numerous satellites, a new stochastic observation model that considers satellite clock interpolation errors is proposed. First, the systematic error of each satellite in the IGR clock product was extracted using a wavelet de-noising method to obtain the empirical characteristics of atomic clock noise within each clock product. Then, based on those empirical characteristics, a stochastic observation model was structured that considered the satellite clock interpolation errors. Subsequently, the IGR and IGS clock products at different time intervals were used for experimental validation. A verification using 179 stations worldwide from the IGS showed that, compared with the conventional model, the convergence times using the stochastic model proposed in this study were respectively shortened by 4.8% and 4.0% when the IGR and IGS 300-s-interval clock products were used and by 19.1% and 19.4% when the 900-s-interval clock products were used. Furthermore, the disturbances during the initial phase of the calculation were also effectively improved.     

氧气/煤油发动机燃气热物理参数及输运系数计算

为了给氧气/煤油发动机设计和热防护设计提供必要的设计参数,针对氧气/煤油燃气进行热力学计算。运用吉布斯最小自由焓计算模型得到燃气平衡组成,通过拟合公式的方法得到燃气的热物理参数及输运系数。通过计算,得到氧气/煤油燃气的组分及比焓、密度、比熵、粘性系数等热物理参数和输运系数随温度和压力的变化特性。分析结果表明:水离解对氧气/煤油燃气组分变化存在显著影响,压力增大会导致水离解起始温度升高;氧气/煤油燃气比焓、比熵、定压比热、粘性系数、热传导系数变化在温度较低时受压力影响较小,当水开始离解后,压力的影响显著增强;组分在燃气中的扩散系数同时受到了温度和组分摩尔分数的影响;燃气普朗特数变化受热传导系数变化的影响较大,水离解后,热传导系数的迅速增大使燃气的普朗特数迅速减小。     

金属波纹管内液氧流动的涡脱落特性仿真

针对液氧在液体火箭发动机波纹管内的非定常流动，建立了二维数学模型，采用大涡模拟方法模拟了波纹管褶合处周期性的涡脱落现象。基于控制变量法，分析了液氧流动速度、波纹管几何参数对涡脱落频率的影响。结果表明:波纹管涡脱落运动的频率与液氧流动速度近似成正比，与波纹管褶合的特征长度近似成反比。在此基础上，归纳出了计算波纹管涡脱落频率的经验式。     

基于燃气射流冷凝的氧路系统频率特性研究

基于热力学不平衡两流体六方程模型模拟了液氧煤油补燃循环发动机燃气射流在氧路系统泵间管路液氧流体中的冷凝过程，获得了燃气射流冷凝特征参数沿管路流向的分布规律。根据Rayleigh-Plesset方程和燃气射流特性建立了泵间管路燃气冷凝过程的传递函数模型，并与氧路管路、泵等组件模型联立求解，分析了发动机氧路系统频率特性。研究了在不同氧路入口压力和液氧温度边界条件下，泵间管路燃气射流冷凝过程对氧路系统频率特性的影响，仿真结果表明高入口压力和过冷液氧改变了射流气体的惯性和柔度，使得氧路系统特征频率增大。不同边界条件下发动机热试车结果表明，提高氧路入口压力或降低液氧温度使得氧路系统频率从8.3 Hz提高至11 Hz，与数值仿真结果一致，验证了泵间管燃气射流冷凝过程是影响氧路系统频率特性的重要环节。     

The OIV 1407.3 Å /1401.1 Å emission-line ratio in a plasma

Line ratio of O IV 1407.3 Å/1401.1 Å is calculated using mostly our own atomic and collisional data.     

Monitoring atomic clocks on board GNSS satellites

A method for monitoring atomic clocks on board Global Navigation Satellites System (GNSS) satellites is described to address the issue of clock related signal integrity in safety–critical applications of GNSS. The carrier-phase time transfer is employed in the clock monitoring method which enables tight tracking of the satellite onboard clocks and thus improves detectability of clock anomalies. Detecting onboard clock anomalies requires the ability to monitor clocks in real time, and a Kalman filter can then be utilized to estimate the phase offsets between the satellite clocks and ground clocks. This study, using the difference between the measured and predicted phase offset as a test statistic, sets a threshold for clock anomalies based on the prediction interval approach. Finally the validity of the monitoring method is examined by processing a set of real GNSS data that includes two recent incidents of clock anomalies in GNSS satellites.     

固体电解质氧传感器

对固体电解质原理及应用作了详细的叙述,从本质上对ZrO2固体电解质的导电原理和掺杂改性作了描述,针对新型传感器发展方向作了进一步论述.     

电化学浸渍液乙醇溶液中镍的测定

提出用空气-乙炔原子吸收光谱法进行电化学浸渍液乙醇溶液中镍含量的测定。介绍镍的最佳测定条件并具有良好线性范围的质量浓度，对样品消化处理条件，灵敏度和干扰因素进行了综合考虑。该方法具有良好的灵敏度和重现性，同时具有方法步骤简单，操作容易，干扰少等特点，完全达到了实验室的仪器分析质量与质量控制要求。     

一种对铬镀层发灰、发黄高效返工的新工艺

针对传统工艺在处理镀铬层发灰、发黄时存在的劳动强度大和效率低下的问题，提出一种利用化学和电化学的方法使钝化了的镍层处于活性状态，再进行第二次镀铬的工艺。解决了一般传统工艺需要全部退掉镍－镍－铬镀层或机械抛光镍层后再进行第二次镀铬的问题，该工艺成本低、对环境无污染、可用于精密零件的返工。