风挡玻璃加温系统功能试验方法优化设计

简述了风挡玻璃加温系统的工作原理,并结合飞机总装配阶段的生产特点,重点介绍了风挡玻璃加温系统功能试验的方法及其优化设计     

高超声速锥体表面凸起物分离干扰区气动力/热关联计算方法

针对高超声速锥体表面凸起物周围的分离干扰流动产生的气动力/热提供了关联计算方法,包括凸起物周围分离干扰区压力分布计算方法、分离干扰区几何特征的计算方法、分离干扰区附加气动力计算方法、分离干扰区气动热计算方法.对典型的钝锥加凸起物外形进行了计算,计算分析了由于凸起物周围分离干扰区压力升高引起的附加气动力、凸起物表面及干扰区的气动热,对气动热计算结果与激波风洞实验结果进行了比较,本文关联方法计算结果与实验结果符合较好.     

Deriving remote sensing reflectance from turbid Case II waters using green-shortwave infrared bands based model

The objectives of this study are to validate the applicability of a shortwave infrared atmospheric correction model (SWIR-based model) in deriving remote sensing reflectance in turbid Case II waters, and to improve that model using a proposed green-shortwave infrared model (GSWIR-based model). In a GSWIR-based model, the aerosol type is determined by a SWIR-based model and the reflectance due to aerosol scattering is calculated using spectral slope technology. In this study, field measurements collected from three independent cruises from two different Case II waters were used to compare models. The results indicate that both SWIR- and GSWIR-based models can be used to derive the remote sensing reflectance at visible wavelengths in turbid Case II waters, but GSWIR-based models are superior to SWIR-based models. Using the GSWIR-based model decreases uncertainty in remote sensing reflectance retrievals in turbid Case II waters by 2.6–12.1%. In addition, GSWIR-based model’s sensitivity to user-supplied parameters was determined using the numerical method, which indicated that the GSWIR-based model is more sensitive to the uncertainty of spectral slope technology than to that of aerosol type retrieval methodology. Due to much lower noise tolerance of GSWIR-based model in the blue and near-infrared regions, the GSWIR-based model performs poorly in determining remote sensing reflectance at these wavelengths, which is consistent with the GSWIR-based model’s accuracy evaluation results.     

Deorbiting spacecraft with passively stabilised attitude using a simplified quasi-rhombic-pyramid sail

This paper studies deorbiting using an analogue to the quasi-rhombic-pyramid concept for planar motion. The focus is on maintaining a stable (meaning oscillatory) attitude close to the direction of the velocity of the spacecraft relative to the atmosphere. The study consists of a massive computation of deorbit times chosen in a region of the phase space where atmospheric drag plays a leading role. Here, no damping effects are considered. Thus, any passive stabilisation observed is either due to solar radiation pressure or atmospheric drag. The results show that such stable deorbiting is feasible up to a threshold that depends upon the physical parameters of the sail. This threshold is around 500 km of altitude. Stable deorbiting is also shown to reduce the unpredictability that appears due to tumbling.     

The role of volcanic aerosols and relativistic electrons in modulating winter storm vorticity

Small changes in the vorticity of winter storms, responding to solar wind variations, are found in winters from 1957 to 2011, and are greater for winters with higher levels of stratospheric volcanic aerosols. Using 1993–2011 data, the response of the vorticity area index (VAI) is shown to be of larger amplitude when the days of minima in the relativistic electron flux (REF) precipitating from the radiation belts are used, instead of heliospheric current sheet (HCS) crossings, as key days in superposed epoch analyses. The HCS crossings mostly occur within a few days of the REF minima. The VAI is an objective measure of the area of high cyclonic vorticity, and for the present work is derived from ERA-40 and ERA-Interim reanalyses of global meteorological data. The VAI dependencies on the stratospheric aerosol content (SAC) and the REF are consistent with a model in which the ionosphere-earth current density (J_z) affects cloud microphysics. One of the ways in which J_z is modulated is by changes in stratospheric column resistance (S), which is increased by stratospheric aerosols. Because S is in series with the tropospheric column resistance (T), J_z modulation by REF requires that S be not negligible with respect to T. So the J_z modulation and the VAI response appear when the SAC is very high, or the REF reductions (which also increase S) are very deep, and when the product of the SAC and the reciprocal of the REF exceeds a threshold value dependent on T.     

非金属电热膜材料及工艺分析

本文论述了制作电热膜的工艺过程.对电热膜的材料、烧结工艺及使用寿命进行了试验,获得了有价值的结论.并论述了提高电热膜产品寿命应注意的问题.     

采暖空调技术改造对策综合分析

本文对北京一高层建筑采暖空调系统进行了技术改造方案论证，通过对技术先进性及适用性、改造繁简程度、设备寿命以及运行等诸方面的综合技术分析，确定采用新型螺杆冷水机组＋燃气热水锅炉的方案。新的供暖空调系统安全高效运行并提供了高品质人工环境。     

固体推进剂生产中高氯酸铵粉尘测定方法研究

研究了车间空气中高氯酸铵（AP）粉尘的测定方法。根据AP粉尘的理化特性和劳动卫生要求，确定了AP粉尘的采样点、采样位置以及采样所用的采样器，建立了重量法测定车间空气中AP粉尘浓度和滤膜溶解涂片法测定AP粉尘分散度的方法。     

弹性飞行器对大气紊流的动力响应计算

本文采用功率谱密度技术,分别从频域模型和时域状态空间模型给出了弹性飞行器对大气紊流动力响应计算方法,并通过实例计算,说明大气紊流对弹性飞行器的影响.