空间望远镜的热设计和热光学分析综述

文章对国内外典型空间望远镜的热设计进行综述 ,并详细介绍了空间望远镜热光学分析的概念 ,讨论了热设计和热光学分析的关系 ,提出了将卫星热控制技术与光学波像差理论相结合 ,以光学指标作为热设计的最终评价标准 ,并应用于我国空间太阳望远镜(SST)的热设计和热光学分析之中     

FAST一次支撑系统的实验研究

介绍了FAST光机电一体化的索支撑轻型指向跟踪系统的关键技术之一一次支撑系统，并对一次支撑系统1：30缩尺模型进行了系统的实验研究，测试了小车在跟踪模式下不同轨迹上的控制效果，测量并计算了小车的等效刚度，通过刚度系数估计了小车的风载响应。实验结果表明，本文所提出的一次支撑方案可以达到一次支撑结构所要求的位置控制精度。本文的研究利用大跨度悬索体系实现对空间目标的精确位置控制具有一定的参考价值。     

天基X射线掠入射式成像望远镜发展现状

阐述了太阳X射线成像观测在空间天气预报中的地位和作用，叙述了掠入射式X射线聚焦成像的基本原理，简要介绍了在轨成功运行的天体X射线成像望远镜和太阳X射线成像望远镜的基本设计和技术指标，并介绍了国内正开发研制的专门服务于空间天气预报的太阳X射线成像望远镜基本设计和主要特点．     

FAST望远镜主动反射面促动机构运动学研究

针对现有的FAST(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope)主动反射面调整运动机构和促动器试验方案的不足,提出一种新型机构,能够有效地解决反射面边缘单元侧滑问题,并提高整个系统机械效率、可靠性,降低制造成本和运行维护费用.改进的核心是利用Sarrus机构产生理想的直线运动而没有任何侧滑.通过运动学分析证实了模型样机的可行性,静力分析表明这个系统具有足够的强度和刚度.模型的运行试验和仿真证明,即使在基座倾斜45°的条件下这种新型促动器机构能够可靠地防止反射面单元侧滑.这种改进为实际系统的设计和研制提供了至关重要的理论依据和试验数据.      

Forbush decreases and solar events seen in the 10–20 GeV energy range by the Karlsruhe Muon Telescope

Since 1993, a muon telescope located at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Karlsruhe Muon Telescope) has been recording the flux of single muons mostly originating from primary cosmic-ray protons with dominant energies in the 10–20 GeV range. The data are used to investigate the influence of solar effects on the flux of cosmic rays measured at Earth. Non-periodic events like Forbush decreases and ground level enhancements are detected in the registered muon flux. A selection of recent events will be presented and compared to data from the Jungfraujoch neutron monitor. The data of the Karlsruhe Muon Telescope help to extend the knowledge about Forbush decreases and ground level enhancements to energies beyond the neutron monitor regime.     

Radiation measurements inside a human phantom aboard the International Space Station using Liulin-5 charged particle telescope

Liulin-5 is a particle telescope developed for the investigation of the radiation environment within the Russian spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the International Space Station (ISS). Liulin-5 experiment is conducted aboard the Russian segment of ISS since 28 June 2007 as an adherent part of the international project MATROSHKA-R. The main objective of Liulin-5 experiment is to study the depth-dose distribution of the different components of the orbital radiation field in a human phantom. Additional objectives are mapping of the radiation environment in the phantom and its variations with time and orbital parameters (such as solar cycle, solar flare events, inclination and altitude). Liulin-5 is an active instrument, capable to provide real-time radiation data for the particle flux and dose rates, energy deposition and LET spectra. Data are recorded automatically on memory cards, periodically transported to ground by returning vehicles. In this report we present some first results from data analysis including energy deposition spectra, absorbed dose, dose rate and flux distribution measured simultaneously at 3 different depths of phantom’s radial channel and linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum. Data discussed are for the period July 2007–April 2008.     

天基通信与太空射电望远镜功能一体系统

摘要： 针对现有地基深空通信系统存在深空通信距离不够远、数传速率不够高等缺点,提出一种基于分布式协同控制的天基主动深空通信与太空射电望远镜功能一体系统.该系统部署在地球静止轨道上,由1颗馈源星、1颗中心星和4294颗小卫星（单元星）通过精密编队和在轨自主组装的方式构成,一体化集成天基主动深空通信功能和射电天文望远镜功能.该系统可以为深空探测器提供一个星地高速中转站,由于其部署在地球静止轨道,几乎不受大气云层影响,可以大幅度提升深空探测通信支持距离和数传速率,且能使射电天文望远镜的分辨率和灵敏度提升1~2个数量级.     

地基设备布站对空间碎片观测能力的影响分析

建立空间碎片地面观测站时,需要用数值仿真工具对其观测能力进行评估和分析.评估观测站能力的重要指标是测站设备对空间碎片的观测量和可观测频度.先进的设备指标和合适的测站位置能够大大提高观测能力.本文使用STK,PROOF等软件,对不同测站雷达和光学设备的观测能力(过境率和探测率)进行了数值仿真和比较分析,得到了一些初步结论,对于空间碎片监测网的设计有一定的参考作用.      

A robotic telescope network for space debris identification and tracking

The two TAROT (Télescopes à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires; Rapid Action Telescopes for Transient Objects) installations are fully robotic optical observatories with optimized observation scheduling, data processing and archiving. Zadko is a 1 m telescope in Western Australia. The fully robotisation of the Zadko telescope has just been completed; it is now included in the TAROT network. In this paper we provide an overview of this international network of robotic optical telescopes. We discuss the advantages of using the network to participate in a satellite and space debris tracking program. This network will access almost all geostationary belt objects, and provide the first real-time satellite positioning capability. The inclusion of the 1 m Zadko telescope into the network significantly extends the efficiency and sensitivity of the existing two telescope configuration.