星光折射连续修正方法及制导规划

针对星光折射模型本身固有的缺点，对星光折射连续修正方法进行了研究，该方法首先探索折射星的分布规律，而后采用Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法+多星连续观测的方案实现定位。同时，对可用星与选星要素和基于突防规划的星光制导弹道设计两方面进行了研究，在星光制导制约机理研究的基础上，提出了惯性/星光制导规划方法，该方法包括导航星的优选策略、导航星优选技术和星点位置的精确计算3步。最后，介绍了星光制导系统的系统组成和功能原理。     

基于单参数迭代的TAEM在线轨迹生成方法

针对大升力体轨道再入飞行器末端能量管理（TAEM）段制导控制能力强、末端约束不惟一的问题，将TAEM段分为动压跟踪和着陆预备2个阶段，设计了不同的纵向轨迹剖面，从而将TAEM段在线轨迹生成问题转化为单参数搜索问题。第1阶段设计标称动压剖面为纵向参考轨迹，使得飞行器过程约束得到保证。第2阶段纵向剖面设计为标称高度剖面，从而使得末端点高度和倾角约束得到保证。根据末端动压误差设计修正律，迭代修正第一阶段动压剖面，从而使得最终的纵向轨迹满足所有的状态约束。在线轨迹递推采用以时间为自变量的数值积分，递推过程引入闭环制导律，通过实时修正攻角跟踪纵向剖面，修正倾侧角跟踪地面轨迹，从而保证在线生成的轨迹符合物理特性，降低闭环制导难度。在考虑初期再入末端大范围状态散布情况下，数值仿真显示了所提算法的鲁棒性。     

Shape control of spacecraft formation using a virtual spring-damper mesh

This paper derives a distance-based formation control method to maintain the desired formation shape for spacecraft in a gravitational potential field. The method is an analogy of a vir-tual spring-damper mesh. Spacecraft are connected virtually by spring-damper pairs. Convergence analysis is performed using the energy method. Approximate expressions for the distance errors and control accelerations at steady state are derived by using algebraic graph representations and results of graph rigidity. Analytical results indicate that if the underlying graph of the mesh is rigid, the convergence to a static shape is assured, and higher formation control precision can be achieved by increasing the elastic coefficient without increasing the control accelerations. A numerical exam-ple of spacecraft formation in low Earth orbit confirms the theoretical analysis and shows that the desired formation shape can be well achieved using the presented method, whereas the orientation of the formation can be kept pointing to the center of the Earth by the gravity gradient. The method is decentralized, and uses only relative measurement information. Constructing a distributed virtual structure in space can be the general application area. The proposed method can serve as an active shape control law for the spacecraft formations using propellantless internal forces.     

Cooperative guidance of seeker-less missile considering localization error

To perform an accurate fire-and-forget attack of seeker-less missile with the consideration of the localization error, a new cooperative guidance strategy of multi-missiles is proposed in this work. Firstly, an estimated position of the seeker-less missile is carefully selected, based on which the slant angle of the line between the estimated and real positions of the seeker-less missile is approximately derived inspired by the localization theory of GPS(Global Position System).Then, respectively based on the guidance law considering the impact angle and time constraints, the consensus theory and the finite-time convergence approach, three cooperative guidance laws employing the previously obtained slant angle are derived for intensive attack to address either a stationary or maneuvering target. Simulation results well demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed cooperative guidance strategy.     

Three-dimensional guidance law based on adaptive integral sliding mode control

For the terminal guidance problem of missiles intercepting maneuvering targets in the three-dimensional space, the design of guidance laws for non-decoupling three-dimensional engage-ment geometry is studied. Firstly, by introducing a finite time integral sliding mode manifold, a novel guidance law based on the integral sliding mode control is presented with the target acceler-ation as a known bounded external disturbance. Then, an improved adaptive guidance law based on the integral sliding mode control without the information of the upper bound on the target accel-eration is developed, where the upper bound of the target acceleration is estimated online by a designed adaptive law. The both presented guidance laws can make sure that the elevation angular rate of the line-of-sight and the azimuth angular rate of the line-of-sight converge to zero in finite time. In the end, the results of the guidance performance for the proposed guidance laws are pre-sented by numerical simulations. Although the designed guidance laws are developed for the con-stant speed missiles, the simulation results for the time-varying speed missiles are also shown to further confirm the designed guidance laws.     

飞行器轨迹控制若干术语探讨

分析比较了领航、指挥引导、导航、制导、载机导引和导弹导引等飞行器轨迹控制中常用的若干术语,明确了这些术语的区别与联系.依据不同条件下不同飞行器轨迹控制的具体问题,提出了规范使用这些术语的建议.     

自适应严格收敛非奇异终端滑模制导律

针对机动目标的末制导拦截问题，设计了一种带终端角度约束的有限时间收敛终端滑模制导律。首先，分析了现有非奇异终端滑模制导律存在的滑模面不能严格有限时间收敛的问题，进而构造了一种新型的非奇异终端滑模面。其次，设计了一种对目标机动上界的自适应估计，提出了一种自适应严格收敛非奇异终端滑模制导律的设计方法。最后，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论，证明了设计的制导律能够使得制导系统在有限时间内收敛到零，并且保证了滑模面在收敛过程中不存在非收敛因子，是严格有限时间收敛的。仿真实验验证了该制导律能够有效地拦截机动目标，同时和与现有的非奇异终端滑模制导律以及基于转换滑模面的非奇异制导律相比，拦截时间更短，终端攻击角度精度更高，导弹机动消耗的能量更少。     

四杆机构转折圆及其应用

介绍了转折圆的运动学特性，论述了求铰链四杆机构的转折圆，以及利用转折圆进行铰链四杆机构近似直线导向设计的方法。     

浅谈大学生就业指导工作

随着高校教育体制改革的不断深入,大学生的就业压力也在逐渐增大,就业指导在高校学生就业工作中已经显得更为重要,本文通过分析高校就业指导工作的现状和存在的问题,结合实际情况,提出开展就业指导工作的几点建议。     

基于视线角速率的最优增量制导技术研究

提出一种基于视线角速率最优的制导方案。方案从最优控制的性能指标函数出发,通过求解一个Riccati方程和相关约束条件,并对系统进行一系列的相关的理想化的假设,得到系统的一般形式的制导指令。同时,为了避免制导指令在正负之间的频繁切换,根据偏置比例制导的原理,在制导指令中引入一个制导指令的增量,来减轻这一问题,并与传统的比例制导进行比较。仿真结果表明,这种制导方法相对于比例制导律而言,精度较高,性能优良,具有一定工程参考意义。