低温等离子体放电区长度对点火起爆的影响

为了研究低温等离子体放电区长度,即放电区间隙不变,体积大小对脉冲爆震发动机点火起爆的影响,以丙烷为燃料,空气和纯氧为氧化剂,充分考虑其详细的化学反应动力学机理,将低温等离子体放电区等效为高温高压火核,对放电区长度为20,40,60mm三种结构,利用Fluent软件,对点火起爆过程进行数值模拟,并进行对比分析.结果表明:将低温等离子体放电区等效为高温高压火核是可行的,能够得到完整的点火起爆过程;不同放电区长度,对初始火焰形成、火焰传播速度和缓燃转爆震(DDT)时间有很大影响,对爆震波峰值压力影响不大.      

Experiment of gas plasma plume deflection by magnetic control

To investigate the deflection effect of gas plasma plume controlled by magnetic field, a novel experimental scheme was presented. The Cs2CO3 catalytic ionization seeds were injected into the combustion chamber to obtain gas plasma on a high temperature magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) experiment rig. The plasma jet was deflected under the action of an external magnetic field, resulting in a thrust-vector effect. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) collected two-dimensional images of jet flow field. Through image processing and velocity vector analysis, the jet deflection angle can be obtained quantitatively. At 1800-2500K, the jet deflection was verified experimentally under the condition of 0.45T magnetic field strength. The results indicate that the jet deflection angle increases gradually with the increase of gas temperature, and above 2200K, the jet deflection angle increase obviously. In the process of gas plasma jet, it is feasible to realize the jet deflection controlled by MHD by adding an external magnetic field.     

直流滑动弧等离子体点火器特性的实验研究

为了探究直流滑动弧放电应用于航空发动机燃烧室内点火的性能特点,设计了直流滑动弧等离子体点火器,在模型燃烧室内进行了煤油/空气混合气的点火实验,利用高速相机记录了滑动弧等离子体点火器的电弧产生和滑动过程以及燃烧室内煤油/空气混合气的点火和火焰发展过程,研究了不同空气工作介质流量、驱动电源输出电流、点火器电极夹角和点火器安装位置等因素对滑动弧等离子体点火器点火特性的影响。结果表明:滑动弧在运动过程中会产生不规则的跳动,并且存在着电弧分流的现象,导致电弧长度发生变化;在湍流的作用下,初始火核会演变为分裂的、大面积的湍流火焰,着火面积不断增大,最终在t=21ms时形成稳定燃烧;随着空气工作介质流量增大、驱动电源输出电流减小以及点火器的安装位置远离燃油雾化喷嘴,滑动弧等离子体点火器的电弧长度减小,点火延迟时间逐渐增长,例如余气系数α=8时,I=30A下电弧长度为47.1mm,相比I=20A增长了75.1%,点火延迟时间为21ms,相比I=20A缩短了40%;而随着点火器电极夹角的增大,电弧长度先增大后减小,点火延迟时间则先减小后增长,在电极夹角θ=45°时,电弧长度最长,点火延迟时间最短,分别为30.5mm和12ms。     

Preliminary Study on Magnetic Induction Intensity Induced by Plasma During Hypervelocity Impact

An experimental system has been built to produce and measure the magnetic field in the backward ejected matter during hypervelocity impact. The designs of measurement system and coil, the choice of associated equipment, and the system calibration are also described in detail. The measurement of magnetic induction intensity for different given coil positions and azimuth angles are performed with two-stage light-gas gun. On condition that impact velocities are approximately equal and incidence angles are 45°, 60° and 90° respectively, the relationship between average magnetic induction intensity and impact angle at different time spans is obtained. Experimental results show that the average magnetic induction intensity with incidence angle of 90° is larger than those with incidence angles of 45°and 60°.     

An investigation of high frequency auroral plasma emissions with a tubular dipole antenna

A band of enhanced amplitudes which follows a local plasma frequency fn in raw high frequency (HF) noise spectra is usually related to plasma emissions in the upper hybrid band (fn, fu). The enhanced band in question occurs permanently in noise spectra recorded on the Intercosmos-19, APEX and CORONAS satellites in the altitude range of 500 km–3000 km. For moderately magnetized plasma with fn > 2fc (fc – electron gyro frequency), the band occurs below fn determined from the topside sounder and impedance data or from electron beam induced spectra. The simulations of an equivalent circuit composed of a dipole antenna in a cold plasma and its preamplifiers, determined the physical origin of the band as the passive circuit resonance, due to inductive character of the antenna in a frequency band (fc, fu). The resonance spectral content is highly structured due to an inflight variability of the circuit impedances. In this report we analyze the noise and impedance spectra which are the most typical in an auroral zone if fn > fc. We focus attention on determination of local electron plasma density, essential for provisional HF mode classification. We found that the natural plasma emission in the upper hybrid band does not manifest itself as the banded natural emission, which may be used for reliable determination of local plasma frequency in the altitude range of 500–3000 km. The fast magnetosonic mode predominates in the auroral emissions. The broadband and multi banded electromagnetic emissions extending from the fast magnetosonic band well above fn > fc are characteristic for the strong wave activity and are much less frequent.     

微束等离子焊接

简要介绍了微束等离子焊接的工艺设备。通过对乌克兰巴顿焊接研究所几个实例的介绍，较全面地阐述了微束等离子焊接工艺方案、焊接设备的各项技术要求和特性。与氩弧焊、激光焊进行了比较，认为微束等离子焊接具有电弧收缩、能量集中、适用于薄壁件焊接的特点，在我国具有广阔的应用前景。     

电离层拟合方法及路径参数量化分析

针对多层电离层,采用反抛物层作为连接层来描述电离层之间区域的电子密度分布.以电子密度和其相对于高度的一阶偏导数连续为依据,拟合出连接层的临界频率、半厚度和底高等电离层参数.将电离层的准抛物模型和连接层的反抛物模型中计算出来的等离子频率代入Appleton-Hartree公式和Snell定理,结合射线的几何结构完成多层电离层中的射线追踪,同时计算群路径、相路径和传输距离这3种重要的路径参数.分析当给定频率时,路径参数与入射角之间的关系,群路径、相路径与传输距离之间的关系,频率对路径参数之间变化关系的影响;同时分析了给定入射角时,路径参数与射线工作频率之间关系和入射角对于路径参数之间变化关系的影响.     

雷达研究E层不均匀结构的最新进展

着眼于电离层E层是一个特殊等离子体空间环境,综述了VHF相干散射雷达研究E层不均匀结构在6个方面的最新进展,阐明了我国开展这种研究的良好前景。      

EUV and Radio Observations of an Equatorial Coronal Hole

An equatorial coronal hole has been observed on 18 and 19 October 1996 with SOHO-CDS and with the Nancąy Radioheliograph (RH). The CDS EUV line intensities are used to determine the coronal hole Differential Emission Measure (DEM); in turn this is used to compute the radio brightness temperature T_b at the observed frequencies, leaving the coronal electron temperature and density as free parameters. EUV line intensities, calculated from the derived models, show a good agreement with EUV observations. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

冷等离子体接枝处理对碳纤维织物／环氧复合材料界面性能的影响

采用冷等离子体接枝法对碳纤维织物进行表面处理,在纤维表面产生活性官能团,研究了冷等离子体接枝处理对碳纤维织物/环氧复合材料的层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明,冷等离子体接枝处理提高了碳纤维表面活性,从而改善了碳纤维织物/环氧复合材料的界面粘结性能,进而改善了复合材料的界面性能。