渗氮处理对TC4钛合金性能的影响

为了在钛合金螺纹表面形成完整的膜层,提高材料耐磨性能,采用金相形貌分析、硬度和强度分析等手段研究了TC4钛合金渗氮过程参数对微观结构及性能的影响。试验结果表明,随着渗氮温度从700℃升至850℃,材料抗拉强度从1 026 MPa降低至930 MPa;延伸率随着温度升高而逐渐增高;表面硬度从529 HV上升至826 HV,相比于渗氮前280 HV,硬度有大幅度的提高;而保温时间从8 h增加至20 h,对材料的硬度和形貌影响较小,按照此工艺可以在钛合金零件表面形成完整的膜层;钛合金硬度的提高主要是因为表面形成了由Ti₂N和α-Ti组成的渗氮改性层表面。     

介质阻挡放电等离子体对NACA0015翼型流动控制的PIV实验研究

采用粒子图像测速(Particle Image Velocimetry,PIV)技术,研究了介质阻挡放电等离子体激励对NA-CA0015翼型表面流动分离的控制特性.通过风洞实验,研究了电极电压、电极位置和布置方式等参数对翼型分离控制的影响规律,并初步分析了等离子体流动控制机理.结果表明等离子体激励在失速迎角附近可以有效抑制翼型的流动分离,实现气流的完全再附着;在来流速度为20m/s时,将气流再附着的迎角提高了5°.     

镁合金等离子体氧化时火花变化规律的研究

研究Magoxid工艺中镁合金等离子体氧化的过程,此过程分为三个阶段:普通阳极氧化、微弧氧化以及弧光氧化.随着氧化的进行,施加的电压不断升高,火花由微弧向弧光过渡.而微弧和弧光开始均主要集中于样品的边缘,然后均匀分布于整个样品表面.与微弧氧化阶段相比,弧光氧化阶段火花的数量明显减少,尺寸增大,并且持续的时间延长.与火花变化过程相对应,氧化膜表面孔数量减少,直径逐渐增大.氧化时间超过10min后,氧化膜表面呈现不明显的多孔结构.     

等离子熔射制备功能梯度涂层及其应用进展

介绍了功能梯度材料的概念及其应用前景,分析了几种功能梯度材料制备方法的优缺点,重点介绍等离子熔射制备功能梯度材料的工艺过程和应用进展。     

Compound Ceramic Coatings Grown by Micro-plasma Oxidation on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Compound ceramics coatings on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy were prepared by the direct current micro-plasma oxidation (MPO) in NaAlO2 solution. The composition and morphology of the coatings were studied with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer technique was used to analyze the solution features of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the process of preparation. The results reveal that Al2TiO5 forms in the coatings at the initial stages of MPO reaction, and its content changes rapidly with the reaction continuing: after 20 min, the ceramics coatings are composed of α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and Al2TiO5, but after 40 min, its main composition is of α-Al2O3. The content of Ti in the solution will increase when the MPO time extends, and as will Al in the anode area until, after 30 min, it reaches the maximum and keeps constant from then on. Both substrata of Ti and Al in the electrolyte join the MPO reaction at the initial stage, where the formation of Al2TiO5 happens; but as the MPO reaction prolongs, more and more Al in the electrolyte will take part in the reaction, leading to the appearance of a large amount of Al2O3.     

Cross-Scale Coupling Within Rolled-Up MHD-Scale Vortices and Its Effect on Large Scale Plasma Mixing Across the Magnetospheric Boundary

Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) is an MHD-scale instability that grows in a velocity shear layer such as the low-latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere. KHI is driven unstable when a velocity shear is strong enough to overcome the stabilization effect of magnetic field. When the shear is significantly strong, vortices in the nonlinear stage of KHI is so rolled-up as to situate magnetospheric plasma outward of the magnetosheath plasma and vice versa. The big question is if such highly rolled-up vortices contribute significantly to the plasma transport across the boundary and to the filling of the plasma sheet by cool magnetosheath component, which is observed under northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) condition. Here we review our recent results from two-fluid simulations of MHD-scale KHI with finite electron inertia taken into account. The results indicate that there is coupling between the MHD-scale dynamics and electron-scale dynamics in the rolled-up stage of the vortices. While the details differ depending on the initial magnetic geometry, the general conclusion is that there is significant modification of the MHD-scale vortex flow pattern via coupling to the micro-physics. The kick-back from the parasitic micro-physics enhances highly the potential for large-scale plasma mixing of the parent MHD-scale vortices, which is prohibited by definition in ideal-MHD. We also review our recent 3-D MHD simulation results indicating that KHI vortex can indeed roll-up in the magnetotail-flank situation despite the strong stabilization by the lobe magnetic field. These results encouraged us to search for evidence of rolled-up vortices in the Cluster formation flying observations. As reviewed in this paper, a nice event was found during northward IMF interval. This interval is when the plasma transport via large scale reconnection becomes less efficient. The finding supports the argument that KHI is playing some role in transporting solar wind into the magnetosphere when the normal mode of transport cannot dominate.     

激波管用于磁等离子体中电波传输的研究

利用安装在直径为800mm 高温激波管后端盖处带有切取器的矩形实验段,获得了较均匀的薄层等离子体鞘层(Z=4cm或2cm)。采用液氦冷却下的低温超导线圈产生连续的强磁场,研究了有强磁场存在条件下3.9GHZ 微波穿透薄等离子体鞘层时的传输特性。对于 Ne≈3×10~13/cm~3,v≈9×10~9/s 和 Ne≈4×10~12/cm~3,v≈2.4×10(?)/s两种等离子体状态,H=0.44～0.84T,分别测量了无外加磁场和有外加磁场情况下电波的功率衰减。实验结果表明在本文所加的磁场强度条件下,测量到的电波功率衰减值均有较明显改善。     

等离子体电波传播及散射问题的CDRC-ADI-FDTD方法

首次把交替方向隐式技术(AD I)与等离子体的电流密度递归(CDRC)卷积技术结合,给出了碰撞非磁化等离子体的CDRC-AD I-FDTD方法。推导了碰撞非磁化等离子体中的二维CDRC-AD I-FDTD迭代公式,并用算例验证了碰撞非磁化等离子体CDRC-AD I-FDTD算法也是无条件稳定的。计算结果表明,等离子体CDRC-AD I-FDTD算法与传统的FDTD方法和等离子体JEC-FDTD方法的计算结果吻合,计算效率更高。     

一种中心电弧等离子体发生器的理论模型与实验研究

电热化学发射中,烧蚀毛细管等离子体发生器的放电是电能转化为热能的重要阶段。目前,国内外的研究主要集中在对喷管式的毛细管进行实验和理论分析。但喷管式的毛细管却有其不可克服的缺点。因此,笔者提出了采用中心电弧式的毛细管,并从理论上对其进行了描述,同时针对一种通用的材料———聚乙烯在多种贮能条件下进行了放电实验研究,得出了一些规律性的认识。实验表明:中心电弧等离子体发生器在电弧稳定性以及能量转换等方面都有独特的优点。