某飞机系列粉末合金刹车盘改进技术的研究

通过改进整盘钢骨架两面烧结粉末合金刹车盘的结构,直接成形卸荷槽,取消冲卸荷槽工序,完全解决该刹车盘长期存在的在后续加工及使用过程中的掉块问题。     

应用后缘装置的跨声速层流翼型多岛优化设计

高雷诺数状态下,自然层流技术(Natural laminar flow,NLF)是减小机翼表面湍流摩擦阻力的有效方法。然而由于层流翼面上大范围顺压梯度的存在使得后缘处的恢复压差更大,产生更强的激波。因此在减小摩擦阻力的同时又增加了激波阻力。本文采用后缘装置(Trailing edge device,TED)来控制翼型后缘处的激波强度,基于线性稳定性理论(Linear stability theory,LST)的eN方法对流动进行转捩判断,进而应用多岛并行多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm,MOEA)以获得大范围层流区域和弱化激波强度为目标对翼型进行优化设计。优化结果表明合作均衡策略耦合进化算法可以快速地捕捉到该多目标问题的Pareto阵面解,阵面上翼型的波阻力和摩擦阻力性能较初始翼型大大改善。同时,采用后缘装置控制激波强度时,无论在设计点还是偏离设计点时,优化后翼型均具有良好的升阻力特性和鲁棒性。     

智能材料结构的研究进展

智能材料结构是当前国内外研究的热门课题，进展很快。它的兴起将冲击材料研究部门，并引起了结构设计部门的变革。本文主要介绍埋入传感元件、驱动元件并采用人工神经网络、图形特征识别及新型声发射系统的三种强度自诊断智能结构，埋入形状记忆合金丝的大面积强度自适应结构，以及预报材料疲劳寿命、减振降噪、无舵面机翼和光电红外隐身等智能结构的研究进展。     

Autonomous Control Reconfiguration of Aerospace Vehicle Based on Control Effectiveness Estimation

未来空天飞行器跨空天两域飞行,要求有较高的自主性以适应由故障和环境变化带来的不确定因素。针对空天飞行器的不确定性,提出了自主控制重构方案。研究了线性模型的时变控制效益的估计方法,提出并证明了效益矩阵可估计的充分条件,给出了相应的算法并证明了其收敛性和对噪声的鲁棒性;提出了基于线性规划和模糊逻辑的控制分配算法,通过冗余效应器实现了不确定条件下的自主控制重构。系统集成和仿真结果分析验证了方案和算法的有效性。     

LF6铝合金薄板的搅拌摩擦焊焊缝成型及性能

搅拌摩擦焊是一种用于低熔点合金板材的新型固态连接技术。本文针对我国常用的LF6铝合金，研究了搅拌摩擦焊焊接规范对焊缝成型及接头力学的影响，分析了搅拌摩擦焊缺陷产生的原因。结果表明，LF6（M）搅拌摩擦焊接头强度可以达到母材的强度，其背弯和正弯角度可达到180度；焊接规范对接头的力学性能有影响，存在一个最佳力学性能规范区；某些规范条件下可能出现单边沟槽或隧道型缺陷及单边塑性流线现象，它们的位置与搅拌头的旋转方向有关。     

高精度电磁标定力数值模拟及实验研究

高精度电磁标定力源是微推力测量系统的重要组成要素之一。为了获得性能优良的电磁标定力,本文综合采用数值模拟及实验测量两种方法分析研究了线圈和永磁铁相对位置变化时,磁铁几何尺寸对电磁力输出特性的影响：对于直径较大、厚度较小的永磁铁而言,其电磁力随相对位置的变化会存在极值,且极值点附近的电磁力具有较好的稳定性和一致性。根据电磁力变化趋势特性,提出了线圈和永磁铁相对基准中心（极值点）位置的高精度设置方案,且基准中心位置附近的电磁力变异系数可达0.00252,为高性能电磁力的获得提供了基础。最后,确定了大直径永磁铁+线圈组合型电磁力产生装置,并基于拟合方法建立了一定包络区间内的高精度电磁力控制关系式,其拟合曲线的估计标准误差约为0.0137,为微推力测量台架的标定提供了理论指导和技术支持。     

泰扶纤维加固钢筋砼梁抗剪性能试验研究与理论分析

分析了12片粘贴泰扶高强复合纤维的钢筋混凝土矩形梁的抗剪性能，并与2片比较梁进行比较，研究该加固技术的抗剪加固效果。确定了纤维粘贴量、包裹方法和剪跨比等因素对钢筋混凝土加固梁抗剪性能的影响程度，提出了抗剪加固设计中的复合纤维设计应变的合理取值、加固设计模型和设计方法。通过非线性计算程序计算验证本文计算公式是合理的、可行的。     

芳香族聚酰胺纤维在航空领域的研究进展

介绍了国内外芳香族聚酰胺纤维的历史发展,归纳了其优异的热力性能、稳定性和电绝缘性,分类概述了其在军民用领域的应用潜力,进而系统阐述了芳香族聚酰胺纤维及其复合材料在蜂窝材料、压力瓶、飞机轮胎、发动机等航空领域的应用,总结出我国在发展芳香族聚酰胺纤维方面面临高性能和高产能的需求。     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

A review of topology optimization for additive manufacturing: Status and challenges

Topology optimization was developed as an advanced structural design methodology to generate innovative lightweight and high-performance configurations that are difficult to obtain with conventional ideas. Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing technique building as-designed structures via layer-by-layer joining material, providing an alternative pattern for complex components. The integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing can make the most of their advantages and potentials, and has wide application prospects in modern manufacturing. This article reviews the main content and applications of the research on the integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing in recent years, including multi-scale or hierarchical structural optimization design and topology optimization considering additive manufacturing constraints. Meanwhile, some challenges of structural design approaches for additive manufacturing are discussed, such as the performance characterization and scale effects of additively manufactured lattice structures, the anisotropy and fatigue performance of additively manufactured material, and additively manufactured functionally graded material issues, etc. It is shown that in the research of topology optimization for additive manufacturing, the integration of material, structure, process and performance is important to pursue high-performance, multi-functional and lightweight production. This article provides a reference for further related research and aerospace applications.