有源电磁超构表面应用综述

电磁超构表面具有卓越的电磁波人工控制能力,可应用于透射、反射、衍射等多种情况,因此,超构表面在基础光学和电磁调控领域中的具有巨大的应用潜力及前景。将有源元件引入电磁超构表面是开发下一代平面光学组件和电磁器件的关键步骤。在过去的几年里,许多研究者尝试开发基于各种新型活性材料和可调谐机制的超构表面器件,使之具有动态调控功能的光学特性（如振幅、相位、偏振、空间、时间响应）及器件功能（如光束转向、动态聚焦、可调谐滤波器、动态全息图等）。这些有源超构表面在实际应用中显示出巨大的前景,但仍存在重大挑战。本文主要讨论了基于有源电磁超构表面的若干潜在应用、新兴技术和研究方向。     

Primordial Helium and ΔY/ΔZ from H II Regions and from Fine Structure in the Main Sequence Based on Hipparcos Parallaxes

The primordial helium abundance YP is important for cosmology and the ratio Y/Z of the changes relative to primordial abundances constrains models of stellar evolution. While the most accurate estimates of YP come from emission lines in extragalactic H II regions, they involve an extrapolation to zero metallicity which itself is closely tied up with the slope Y/Z. Recently certain systematic effects have come to light in this exercise which make it useful to have an independent estimate of Y/Z from fine structure in the main sequence of nearby stars. We derive such an estimate from Hipparcos data for stars with Z Z and find values between 2 and 3, which are consistent with stellar models, but still have a large uncertainty.     

微小型直升机自抗扰飞行控制

针对微小型直升机建模困难,动态模型中不仅含有较多的未知动态,且飞行中内外扰动均比较大的问题,提出一种基于自抗扰控制的飞行控制方法。该方法不仅可以确保微小型直升机六自由度方向上的稳定准确跟踪控制,而且可实时估计并补偿未知动态影响。通过盘旋上升模态下飞行仿真验证了此控制方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

超燃冲压发动机主被动复合热防护系统方案设计思考

针对当前超燃冲压发动机热防护技术面临的困境,为了突破更高飞行马赫数下的热障限制,提出了一种采用冷却剂与被动材料共同承担热载荷的主被动复合热防护技术。分析了主被动复合热防护技术的设计内涵及总体设计原则,讨论了被动层承担的热载荷和被动复合材料的导热系数、厚度之间的关系,并以C/SiC作为被动复合材料,对比分析了主被动复合热防护方案的优势。研究表明,当C/SiC厚度为4mm时,大致可将马赫数为6.5,当量比0.5工况下的热流密度降低42%。      

活性粒子对航空煤油着火特性影响机理分析

为了研究等离子体中的活性粒子(OH自由基)对航空煤油着火特性的影响,选择正癸烷骨架机理作为航空煤油替代燃料.用零维均质完全混合模型和零维完全预混模型对等离子体点火和燃烧过程进行计算分析,计算敏感度和各组分摩尔分数来揭示活性粒子的添加对正癸烷着火特性的影响,并采用敏感性分析方法对反应机理进行了适当修正.结果表明:修正后机...     

Some implications of high luminosity and fast variability in active galactic nuclei

An analysis of the variability timescale against bolometric luminosity for Active Galactic Nuclei shows that a number of sources violate the Eddington limit. The average ratio (L/L_E) is found to change according to group classification. Whilst Seyfert Galaxies have luminosites well within the Eddington limit, Quasars and BL Lac object tend to approach and exceed this limit. Furthermore, BL Lac objects may be further subdivided on the basis of their (L/L_E) ratio. The data on luminosity and variability timescale indicate the existence of two types of active galaxies, one having highly anisotropic emission, probably collimated into jets with pointing angles within few degrees to the line of sight, and the other relating to isotropic emission of photons from the nuclear region. The results are discussed in the light of the high γ-ray luminosity suggested by recent observations of active galaxies.     

柔性航天器姿态机动轨迹设计及跟踪控制

针对柔性航天器姿态机动的“快速性”及“稳定性”矛盾,研究了一种优化与控制综合的姿态机动轨迹设计与跟踪控制方法。首先,考虑柔性航天器姿态机动过程中既快又稳的需求,建立姿态机动的多目标多约束条件,优化获得姿态机动轨迹,在满足快速性基础上,最大限度提高稳定性;其次,设计新型的快速鲁棒输入成形器(FRIS),与传统输入成形器相比,FRIS具有更短的作用时间及更强的鲁棒性,能够有效抑制柔性附件振动,为姿态机动的“快速性”及“高精度”奠定基础;最后,设计新型自适应连续终端滑模控制器(ACTSMC),避免增益过估计,提高控制精度,实现对期望姿态轨迹的有限时间快速高精度跟踪控制。数值仿真校验了所提方法的有效性。     

浅谈Jscript中使用构造函数创建树对象

本文介绍一种树的方式对网站内容实现动态有序管理，就象windows资源管理器一样，方便直观。最后举了一个部门结构树的例子来阐述。     

Gust load alleviation wind tunnel tests of a large-aspect-ratio flexible wing with piezoelectric control

An active control technique utilizing piezoelectric actuators to alleviate gust-response loads of a large-aspect-ratio flexible wing is investigated. Piezoelectric materials have been exten-sively used for active vibration control of engineering structures. In this paper, piezoelectric mate-rials further attempt to suppress the vibration of the aeroelastic wing caused by gust. The motion equation of the flexible wing with piezoelectric patches is obtained by Hamilton's principle with the modal approach, and then numerical gust responses are analyzed, based on which a gust load alle-viation (GLA) control system is proposed. The gust load alleviation system employs classic propor tional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers which treat piezoelectric patches as control actuators and acceleration as the feedback signal. By a numerical method, the control mechanism that piezo-electric actuators can be used to alleviate gust-response loads is also analyzed qualitatively. Further-more, through low-speed wind tunnel tests, the effectiveness of the gust load alleviation active control technology is validated. The test results agree well with the numerical results. Test results show that at a certain frequency range, the control scheme can effectively alleviate the z and x wing-tip accelerations and the root bending moment of the wing to a certain extent. The control system gives satisfying gust load alleviation efficacy with the reduction rate being generally over 20%.     

Fuzzy energy-based dual contours model for automated coronal hole detection in SDO/AIA solar disk images

The presence of coronal holes in solar disk plays an important role in influencing the space weather and generation of the solar wind. As such there lies a requirement in proper study and prediction of coronal holes occurs in the solar disk. This, in turn, arises the necessity of detection of coronal holes present in the solar disk. In this work, a Hough transformed inspired fuzzy-energy simulated dual contours-based segmentation technique has been proposed for the detection and extraction of holes in solar disk. In the proposed method Hough transform has been induced to initialize the contour for the contour-based method of segmentation. In the algorithm, two contours (active and static) have been initiated and made to evolve based on the energy function by incorporating the gray-scale intensity. Here in the work one contour is made to deform its shape while the other contour is kept static for the coronal holes detection purpose. The experiment has been carried out on few benchmark datasets and the corresponding outcomes have been compared with the results of other existing algorithms. The comparison results highlight the performance of the proposed technique in detection of coronal holes in solar disk.