幅值锁定型超流体陀螺模糊自抗扰控制系统设计

针对幅值锁定型超流体陀螺中热相位注入存在的温升延迟和热噪声影响陀螺系统测量精度和稳定性的问题,提出一种基于模糊自抗扰的超流体陀螺控制系统设计方法。首先建立超流体陀螺的数学模型;分析热相位注入引入的温升延迟和未知热噪声对系统敏感精度和稳定性的影响机理。在此基础上,设计集微分跟踪器、扩张状态观测和非线性反馈控制律于一体的自抗扰控制器,并进一步采用模糊推理实现非线性组合的比例和微分系数的自适应调整。最后利用Maltlab/Simulink进行仿真校验。仿真结果表明：该控制方法能够抑制未知噪声和温升延迟对系统的影响,对工作点实现良好的锁定,有效地提高了陀螺系统的测量精度和稳定性。     

用于海洋盐度观测的主被动联合遥感器

海洋盐度是研究海洋环流、全球水循环以及气候变化的重要参数之一。L波段主被动联合遥感器可以有效精确地进行海洋盐度的观测。文章简要介绍了L波段主被动联合遥感器用于海水盐度遥感的应用机理与需求,对NASA正在研制的星载L波段主被动联合遥感器——Aquarius进行了重点描述,最后对我国星载主被动联合遥感器的研究提出了一些建议。     

发汗式主动冷却金属热防护系统主动冷却效率研究

发汗式主动冷却金属热防护系统是一种新型概念,将发汗冷却方法应用于金属热防护系统中,用于提高金属热防护系统的热载荷承载能力,是解决临近空间高超声速飞行器防热问题的有效方法。设计并建立了发汗式主动冷却金属热防护系统的实验模型,分析了发汗式主动冷却金属热防护系统的基本冷却原理,测量了同一实验模型分别在有无发汗冷却作用下,沿厚度方向不同位置测量点的温度响应。结果表明：在相同的加热条件,采用发汗冷却方法,可以使受热蒙皮材料达到相同温度的时间明显滞后;在发汗冷却作用的过程中,内部隔热层的温度不会超过水的沸点温度;采用发汗冷却方法,可以使同一结构热载荷承载能力至少提高70%;通过合理的结构设计,可以减少受热蒙皮由于热膨胀而引起的结构变形。
     

Catalogue of ionized emission line spectra in obscured AGN

High-energy, high-resolution in the spatial and energy domains is crucial to derive the geometrical distribution and the physical properties of gas and dust surrounding Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). These are, in turn, basic ingredients of any serious attempt to build an AGN structure model. We present in this paper CIELO-AGN, the first catalogue of ionized emission lines detected in the soft X-ray spectra of a sample of 69 nearby obscured AGN. This catalogue has been implemented according to an IVOA data model, and can be accessed through VO-compatible applications.     

电动伺服机构永磁同步电机的自抗扰控制

针对运载火箭电动伺服机构谐振频率过低,而传统陷波滤波器算法会降低系统的快速性问题,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制（ADRC）的微分前馈控制算法。在开环等效增益相近的情况下,比较了系统在传统PID控制和一阶ADRC控制方式下的阶跃响应和抗扰性能;对输入正弦指令的情况,比较了系统在比例+扩张状态观测器（ESO）和有限时间比例（FTP）+ESO这两种控制方式下有无输入微分前馈（IDF）的跟踪性能。仿真和实验结果均表明,在常规ADRC中引入IDF,可有效提高电动伺服机构对时变输入的跟踪精度。     

Cosmological Shock Waves

Large-scale structure formation, accretion and merging processes, AGN activity produce cosmological gas shocks. The shocks convert a fraction of the energy of gravitationally accelerated flows to internal energy of the gas. Being the main gas-heating agent, cosmological shocks could amplify magnetic fields and accelerate energetic particles via the multi-fluid plasma relaxation processes. We first discuss the basic properties of standard single-fluid shocks. Cosmological plasma shocks are expected to be collisionless. We then review the plasma processes responsible for the microscopic structure of collisionless shocks. A tiny fraction of the particles crossing the shock is injected into the non-thermal energetic component that could get a substantial part of the ram pressure power dissipated at the shock. The energetic particles penetrate deep into the shock upstream producing an extended shock precursor. Scaling relations for postshock ion temperature and entropy as functions of shock velocity in strong collisionless multi-fluid shocks are discussed. We show that the multi-fluid nature of collisionless shocks results in excessive gas compression, energetic particle acceleration, precursor gas heating, magnetic field amplification and non-thermal emission. Multi-fluid shocks provide a reduced gas entropy production and could also modify the observable thermodynamic scaling relations for clusters of galaxies.     

Photospheric flows in the active regions (asymmetric and localized Doppler velocities)

We observed 10 active regions through their disk passage during June 25–August 25, 1988, with the Tower Vector Magnetograph (TVM) of Marshall Space Flight Center. The TVM was used in scanning mode to measure the photospheric Doppler velocities with the Line-Center-Magnetogram (LCM) technique in the spectral line of FeI 5250.2 Å. In this paper we present the result of a subset of observations obtained while the active regions were situated away from the solar limb. A wide range of magnetic complexity and associated chromospheric activity characterized these active regions. It was found that the value of zero-crossing wavelength of the integrated Stokes-V profile of two opposite magnetic polarities were different, corresponding to Doppler velocities ranging from ∼100 m s⁻¹ to ∼1475 m s⁻¹. The measurements of relative velocities between different locations, connected by magnetic flux tubes as inferred from YOHKOH soft X-ray and TRACE 171 Å Fe IX images, showed widely different values of dominant localized flows. The region of parasite polarity, which showed recurrent chromospheric activity, was blue shifted with respect to the main “magnetic element” of the same polarity. Some of them were also the sites of sheared magnetic field configuration. The magnitude of the relative velocity between the leading and following polarity is more for the active regions of higher “field asymmetry”.     

主动重心控制系统目标重心位置研究

目标重心位置的确定是主动重心控制系统设计的一个难题,提出一种目标重心位置设计方法,以指导主动重心控制系统的设计。通过梳理阻力与重心关系的相关参考文献,总结出理论最小阻力重心位置的关系式;考虑飞机重心测量的误差,对主动重心控制系统的目标重心位置的设计进行研究;并以空客A340 飞机为例,对主动重心控制策略进行分析。结果表明：阻力最小重心位置并不总是越靠后越好,目标重心位置应根据理论最小阻力重心位置和重心测量的误差进行设计,且燃油重心的测量误差对其影响很大;通过合理设计燃油转输门限,能在减小阻力、节省燃油消耗与减轻燃油系统/设备工作负担之间取得平衡。     

航煤裂解气低温自点火特性与等离子体助燃研究

为获得燃料低温自点火特性以及等离子体对燃料点火的促进作用,基于快速压缩机实验系统,研究了52％He稀释、当量比1.0、压力3.4MPa、温度877.7～915.9K条件下,航煤裂解气(29.4％CH4/30.8％C2H6/21.3％C2H4/18.5％C3H6)的自点火特性,并获得其点火延迟时间.在此基础上,采用放电与...     

一种方向舵-螺旋桨联用的全翼式太阳能无人机横航向控制方法

以全翼式太阳能无人机（UAV）为研究对象,针对无副翼状态下横航向控制问题,提出了采用方向舵偏转和螺旋桨差动进行横航向控制的方法。首先,分析了两个螺旋桨条件下该类无人机横航向的稳定性与操纵性;然后,基于线性自抗扰控制（LADRC）理论,以方向舵偏和螺旋桨差动为控制输出,分别设计了滚转角控制器和偏航角控制器。最后,结合滚转角控制和偏航角控制的优缺点,在L1轨迹跟踪算法的基础上设计了方向舵和螺旋桨联用的直线轨迹跟踪器。仿真结果表明：所设计的控制器具有较好的控制性能、鲁棒性和抗风性。同时参数整定过程相对简单,并采用实际可测的物理量,为进一步工程应用提供参考。