工艺参数对电弧增材制造2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响分析北大核心CSCD

微气孔是电弧增材制造2219铝合金面临的主要问题。采用Advanced CMT+P(变极性CMT+脉冲)熔滴过渡模式,研究了EP/EN(正负半周波数)、扫描速度、送丝速度等电弧增材工艺参数对成形2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响规律。结果表明:通过改变EP/EN、扫描速度、送丝速度等参数调控热输入可影响气孔率;在热输入较低时,气孔以形核和长大为主,随热输入增加微气孔数量增多、尺寸增大;在热输入较高时,气孔逸出开始占优,随热输入增加微气孔数量减少;在热输入低至230.5或高至439.5 J/mm时,平均气孔率均可降低至0.2%以下。     

利于减少配平损失的太阳能飞机构型设计

针对具有静稳定性的太阳能飞机一般采用尾翼配平造成气动配平损失的问题,提出了一种“T”构型太阳能飞机。概述该太阳能飞机的总体构型,分析该构型飞机巡航状态下降低重心的自配平原理,建立能量平衡和质量分析模型,给出适合于该构型太阳能飞机的概念设计方法,并优化构型设计参数。结果表明,“T”构型太阳能飞机不仅具有静稳定性,还降低了配平损失。在巡航状态下,“T”构型太阳能飞机单位面积平飞需用功率比常规构型太阳能飞机减少了6.2%,具有明显的应用效果。      

Comparison of ionospheric F2 peak parameters foF2 and hmF2 with IRI2001 at Hainan

Monthly median values of foF2, hmF2 and M(3000)F2 parameters, with quarter-hourly time interval resolution for the diurnal variation, obtained with DPS4 digisonde at Hainan (19.5°N, 109.1°E; Geomagnetic coordinates: 178.95°E, 8.1°N) are used to investigate the low-latitude ionospheric variations and comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model predictions. The data used for the present study covers the period from February 2002 to April 2007, which is characterized by a wide range of solar activity, ranging from high solar activity (2002) to low solar activity (2007). The results show that (1) Generally, IRI predictions follow well the diurnal and seasonal variation patterns of the experimental values of foF2, especially in the summer of 2002. However, there are systematic deviation between experimental values and IRI predictions with either CCIR or URSI coefficients. Generally IRI model greatly underestimate the values of foF2 from about noon to sunrise of next day, especially in the afternoon, and slightly overestimate them from sunrise to about noon. It seems that there are bigger deviations between IRI Model predictions and the experimental observations for the moderate solar activity. (2) Generally the IRI-predicted hmF2 values using CCIR M(3000)F2 option shows a poor agreement with the experimental results, but there is a relatively good agreement in summer at low solar activity. The deviation between the IRI-predicted hmF2 using CCIR M(3000)F2 and observed hmF2 is bigger from noon to sunset and around sunrise especially at high solar activity. The occurrence time of hmF2 peak (about 1200 LT) of the IRI model predictions is earlier than that of observations (around 1500 LT). The agreement between the IRI hmF2 obtained with the measured M(3000)F2 and the observed hmF2 is very good except that IRI overestimates slightly hmF2 in the daytime in summer at high solar activity and underestimates it in the nighttime with lower values near sunrise at low solar activity.     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

复杂薄壁、薄板类零件高速加工技术初探

从加工方法,加工参数,工装夹具等方面对薄壁、薄板类零件的加工进行深入探讨,有效地解决了薄壁、薄板类零件的加工,为今后进行此类零件的加工进行了有益的技术储备。     

可用于短舱结构的机织复合材料几何参数对力学性能的影响分析

基于建立的复合材料渐进失效模型(PD model),通过引入机织复合材料纤维束波动形态特征,对PD模型进行了修正。通过与实验结果及其它模型结果的对比验证了修正后模型的有效性。同时,采用PD模型系统,全面地分析了平纹机织复合材料的几何参数包括波动角、编织角、总体纤维体积分数对其力学性能的影响,获得了机织复合材料力学性能随几何参数变化的趋势。其中指出Graphite/Epoxy机织复合材料由于其纤维与基体模量差异性较大而造成其力学性能相较于E-glass/Epoxy机织复合材料受波动角的影响较大;编织角对机织复合材料面内力学性能的影响更为显著,面内力学性能随编织角的变化以一种波动形式出现;机织复合材料的总体纤维体积比越大,纤维束的力学性能就越强,机织复合材料的力学性能也就越强,且这一增长趋势接近于指数增长。     

实验室条件下IRMSS遥感器MTF与遥感图像参数的相关分析设计与性能评估

调制传递函数MTF(ModuleTransferFunction)在物理光学理论中 ,是光学系统成像性能的综合评价指标。遥感器MTF的性能变化会导致遥感图像的质量变化 ,遥感图像质量的变化则导致描述遥感图像的参数的变化。文章以CBERS - 1的 0 2星IRMSS遥感器为例 ,在实验室条件下模拟遥感器在轨运行的成像过程并获得图像数据 ,MTF可通过专业仪器直接测量 ,然后再进行MTF与遥感图像参数的相关分析 ,从而确定出与MTF相关性最强的图像参数。文章的相关分析采用SPSS统计分析软件完成     

冲压发动机风洞引射器引射性能模拟

蒸汽引射器是冲压发动机试验台用来实现高真空度的重要设备,其工作环境复杂,性能优化较为困难。简化并建立蒸汽引射器的模型,通过Fluent软件对其工作情况进行数值模拟,分析工作状态下引射器内流场变化情况,并利用控制变量法分析引射器中水蒸气含量、工作流体压力、引射流体压力等工况参数对引射器工作能力的影响。通过与试验数据的对比,验证模拟结果的可信度。结果表明:引射流体流量增大时,引射器效率升高;引射流体中水蒸气从0变化到50%时,引射系数由0.45降至0.36。而当工作流体入口压力由1.07 MPa升至1.42 MPa时,引射系数由0.41降低至0.33;引射流体入口压力由12 kPa升至54 kPa时,引射系数由0.12升高至0.43,故在优化设计时应综合2个入口压力的影响。     

飞行器高热流密度长时间测试方法

为实现对飞行器高热流密度热流的长时间测量,文章提出了一种以与高导热金属蜂窝材料复合的相变材料作为热沉的热流计,利用相变材料的潜热持续吸收热流计所接收的热量,可以对1 MW·m-2的热流密度持续测量2000 s以上。利用显热容数值方法建立了高热流密度长时间持续测量的分析模型,研究了热沉相变材料的热导率、相变温度、相变潜热等物性参数对测量方案的影响。研究结果表明,应选取热导率较大、相变温度较低且高于初始环境温度,以及相变潜热较大的相变材料作为长时间高热流密度测量的热沉材料。