发射药颗粒床中对流燃烧的实验研究

设计了耐压值为1000MPa的半密闭爆发器, 研究了单基发射药颗粒床中的点、传火过程和压力波动现象, 考察了实验参数(推进剂特性、空隙率、剪切片厚度等)对多孔床中对流燃烧特性的影响。实验观察到一维压力波的传播与反射;火焰传播过程中药床存在动态压缩现象, 这是形成压力波的主要因素;在低的装填密度下, 药床中未形成一维燃烧波。      

Type II Solar Radio Bursts: Theory and Space Weather Implications

Recent data and theory for type II solar radio bursts are reviewed, focusing on a recent analytic quantitative theory for interplanetary type II bursts. The theory addresses electron reflection and acceleration at the type II shock, formation of electron beams in the foreshock, and generation of Langmuir waves and the type II radiation there. The theory's predictions as functions of the shock and plasma parameters are summarized and discussed in terms of space weather events. The theory is consistent with available data, has explanations for radio-loud/quiet coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and why type IIs are bursty, and can account for empirical correlations between type IIs, CMEs, and interplanetary disturbances. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Relativistic MHD Simulations of Jets with Toroidal Magnetic Fields

This paper presents an application of the recent relativistic HLLC approximate Riemann solver by Mignone & Bodo to magnetized flows with vanishing normal component of the magnetic field. The numerical scheme is validated in two dimensions by investigating the propagation of axisymmetric jets with toroidal magnetic fields. The selected jet models show that the HLLC solver yields sharper resolution of contact and shear waves and better convergence properties over the traditional HLL approach.     

高速铁路隧道初始压缩波一维流动模型的数值分析方法

基于隧道内空气流通截面是时间和距离的二元函数条件与一维流动理论,提出了高速列车驶入设有缓冲结构隧道端口时产生初始压缩波的数值分析方法。一维流动理论采用考虑摩擦、传热以及空气质交换等因素的一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型。数值分析方法采用广义黎曼变量特征线法。与国外有关未设缓冲结构、开孔型与未开孔型缓冲结构的隧道端口三种情况的现车试验结果进行了比较,表明本文所建方法正确、合理,能够模拟计算多种类型缓冲结构条件下的压缩波波动规律。     

异种金属材料磁脉冲焊接技术

通过对磁脉冲焊接技术结合机理的阐述,采用5A03Al-5A06Al、1050Al-AZ31Mg异种金属材料进行焊接试验.对所得的焊接接头进行气密性试验和剥离试验,检测其结合质量;结合光学显微镜,对比分析Al-Al、Al-Mg焊接接头的微观形貌特点;并采用SEM/EDS分析界面附近的元素分布;最后通过硬度试验,检测接头界...     

连续旋转爆震波细致结构及自持机理

基于化学非平衡流解耦方法和详细化学反应机理,在0.1mm的网格尺度下对连续旋转爆震波内流场和爆震波平掠惰性气体界面的传播过程进行了数值模拟。详细分析了连续旋转爆震波的空间结构,由于在出口侧无几何约束,受一系列稀疏波的影响,旋转爆震波强度受到不同程度的削弱,形状也发生了相应的变化。爆震波平掠惰性气体界面时的流场分布与连续旋转爆震波结构极为类似,对比研究了波前可燃气体层高度对爆震波结构和传播过程的影响,当爆震波高度较小时,其抵御惰性气体侧稀疏波衰减的能力弱,波阵面严重变形,爆震波解耦。若爆震波要稳定自持传播,其必须要达到一定的临界高度来抵御稀疏波的影响。     

电磁波与TVP相互作用

基于时变等离子体(TVP)的场方程,根据麦克斯韦方程,推导了TVP对入射电磁波的频率上移、时间衰减常数、反射系数,以及TVP的透射波和反射波电场幅值计算公式。通过实例计算分析了不同时间的新波频率、时间衰减常数和电场幅值。方法简单易行,可为TVP的应用提供一定的理论依据。     

Numerical modeling of inhomogeneous orographic wave influence on planetary waves in the middle atmosphere

Parameterization of dynamical and thermal effects of stationary orographic gravity waves (OGWs) generated by the Earth’s surface topography is incorporated into a numerical model of general circulation of the middle and upper atmosphere. Responses of atmospheric general circulation and characteristics of planetary waves at altitudes from the troposphere up to the thermosphere to the effects of OGWs propagating from the earth surface are studied. Changes in atmospheric circulation and amplitudes of planetary waves due to variations of OGW generation and propagation in different seasons are considered. It is shown that during solstices the main OGW dynamical and heat effects occur in the middle atmosphere of winter hemispheres, where changes in planetary wave amplitudes due to OGWs may reach up to 50%. During equinoxes OGW effects are distributed more homogeneously between northern and southern hemispheres.     

Spectroscopic Constraints on Models of Ion-cyclotron Resonance Heating in the Polar Solar Corona

Using empirical velocity distributions derived from UVCS and SUMER ultraviolet spectroscopy, we construct theoretical models of anisotropic ion temperatures in the polar solar corona. The primary energy deposition mechanism we investigate is the dissipation of high frequency (10-10000 Hz) ion-cyclotron resonant Alfvén waves which can heat and accelerate ions differently depending on their charge and mass. We find that it is possible to explain the observed high perpendicular temperatures and strong anisotropies with relatively small amplitudes for the resonant waves. There is suggestive evidence for steepening of the Alfvén wave spectrum between the coronal base and the largest heights observed spectroscopically. Because the ion-cyclotron wave dissipation is rapid, even for minor ions like O⁵⁺, the observed extended heating seems to demand a constantly replenished population of waves over several solar radii. This indicates that the waves are generated gradually throughout the wind rather than propagated up from the base of the corona. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

斜激波极值规律的边界层影响

采用边界层理论与斜激波/膨胀波精确算法，建立一种结合Eckert参考温度法和Illingworth-Stewartson变换法优势的边界层权重算法，用于研究超声速黏性楔面边界层位移厚度对斜激波极值规律的影响。分别应用层流Navier-Stokes方程和湍流Navier-Stokes方程的CFD解算器对边界层新模型进行了算例精度评估。在来流马赫数为1.2~2.4和楔面角为3°~20°的范围内，压强比的相对误差小于0.1%。计入层流与湍流边界层影响的理论模型研究表明，边界层影响使得最优马赫数增加；对于层流边界层，最优马赫数增量约为0.001 5~0.003 3；对于湍流边界层，最优马赫数增量约为0.002 8~0.006 1。