Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1–26 nuclei over the energy range 10¹⁰ to >10¹⁴ eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.     

碘分子的荧光谱和激发光谱的测量和研究

观察到碘分子在光谱线514.5nm感应作用下的荧光谱,同时得到了在514.5nm附近碘分子的激发光谱。这两种谱的测量和研究表明,两能极模型对碘分子是一个很好的近似,普通光感应的碘分子荧光谱明显不同于激光感应的碘分子荧光谱。 在上面测量和研究的基础上,建立了新的物理模型以应用到激光感应荧光测量技术中。在488.0～544.0nm间,观察到了碘分子的激光感应荧光。     

低温辐射计吸收腔研制

针对高灵敏度低温辐射计研制需求,提出一种低温辐射计吸收腔.设计椭球面光阑的多次反射结构,同时采用扩散焊工艺,进而实现了椭球面光阑、斜口—斜底圆柱腔和斜底面三部分的焊接成形,以此形成有效光陷阱,使入射到吸收腔中的辐射被近似完全吸收.制备具备多孔结构的碳纳米管涂层,采用喷涂为主的工艺实现腔体内壁涂层的均匀性分布.基于积分球...     

Mean energy of response to galactic cosmic ray spectrum: IMP 8 and Climax neutron monitor

Solar modulations of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity contain a wealth of information about their transport in the heliosphere. To extract this information from the data one studies the dependence of the observed modulations on the mean energy of response of detectors providing data for the analyses. There is a great deal of confusion about the detector energy response to GCR spectrum in the literature. We present a preliminary report on the computations of the mean energy of response for the Climax neutron monitor (CL/NM) and IMP 8 cosmic ray nuclear composition instrument to GCR protons for 1973–1998, covering the solar cycles 21 and 22. We find that for penetrating proton channel on IMP 8 the mean energy changes by a factor of over two whereas for the neutron monitor the change is only 21%. However, the corresponding change for the computed modulation function is a factor of about 3.5.     

卫星光学遥感器光谱波段选择的影响因素

文章详细阐述了大气对太阳辐射在可见光 -近红外段的吸收作用和散射作用 ,并总结了可见光 -近红外波段常用的大气窗口及其透射率 ,最后 ,分析了可见光、近红外、短波红外的波段选择问题     

Indicators of black-hole mass and Eddington accretion ratio from QSO X-ray and UV spectra

The evolution of luminous QSOs is linked to the evolution of massive galaxies. We know this because the relic black-holes found locally have masses dependent on the properties of the host galaxy’s bulge. An important way to explore this evolution would be to measure dependences of black-hole masses and Eddington accretion ratios over a range of redshifts, i.e., with cosmological age. For low redshift QSOs (and their lower luminosity Seyfert galaxy counterparts) it has been possible to infer black-hole masses from the luminosities and velocity dispersions of their host-galaxy bulges. These masses agree with those virial black-hole masses calculated from the Doppler widths of the broad Hβ emission lines. The latter method can then be extended to more distant and luminous QSOs, up to redshifts of 0.6 with ground-based optical observations. We discuss ways to extend these explorations to higher redshifts – up to 3 using the widths of QSOs’ broad UV emission lines, and in principle, and to redshifts near 4 from ground-based infrared observations of rest-frame Hβ at 2.5 μm. We discuss the possibility of investigating the accretion history of the higher redshift QSOs using measures of Eddington accretion ratio – the soft X-ray spectral index and the eigenvectors of Principal Components Analyses of QSOs’ UV emission-line spectra.     

利用光谱拟合法反演中间层顶大气温度

本文提出了利用梳状函数进行模拟光谱计算的方法, 并根据在北京郊区观测的OHMeinel(9, 4)带夜气辉光谱, 利用加权最小二乘法与模拟光谱进行拟合, 得出了转动温度的最佳值, 同时还分析了OH(9, 4)气辉强度和转动温度随时间的变化特性.      

用固体吸附/分光光度法同时监测空气中的肼、一甲肼和偏二甲肼

介绍了用一甲肼浓缩采样采集空气中三肼混合气体,用分光光度法分别测出肼、一甲肼和偏二甲肼各组分的含量。测定结果通过标准气验证,相对误差小于１７％,各组份回收率均大于８０％。本方法适用于空气中低浓度三肼废气的测定。     

Structural and collisional data for Mg III and Al IV

We present in this work energy levels, oscillator strengths, radiative decay rates and fine structure collision strengths for the Mg III and Al IV ions. The 11 configurations: (1s²) 2s²2p⁶, 2s²2p⁵3l, 2s2p⁶3l, 2s²2p⁵4l   (l?n-1$l?n-1$, where n is the principal quantum number), yielding the lowest 75 levels are used. The collisional data for these two ions are missing in the literature, especially the database CHIANTI, this is the principal motivation behind the present work. Calculations have been performed using the AUTOSTRUCTURE code. AUTOSTRUCTURE treats the scattering problem in the distorted wave approach. Fine structure collision strengths are calculated for a range of electron energies from 10 Ry to 240 Ry. The atomic structure data are compared to available experimental and theoretical results.     

HMX炸药特性的密度泛函理论

应用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-31G(d)和6-31++G(d)基组水平上对HMX炸药进行了研究,计算得到了中性分子和离子的稳定构型,并确定了分子的电离能。通过对HMX红外振动光谱的理论计算和研究,发现振动光谱主要分布在I(0~1 750 cm-1)和II(3 000~3 250 cm-1)两个区域,且整个红外光谱中振动峰的实际数目远小于简正振动的数目。此外,与中性分子的红外光谱相比,HMX+的谱线强度整体要大于HMX分子的谱线强度,且最强峰和次强峰与中性分子相比出现了明显的红移。