中心进气旋转盘腔换热特性对无量纲参数的敏感性分析

针对早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究中常忽略压缩性和耗散效应影响的研究方法，在定几何、常物性、可压缩、有耗散假设下，对描述旋转盘腔系统的控制方程进行了无量纲分析，得到除无量纲空间位置外的7个无量纲准则数。利用数值模拟的方法探究了中心进气转静系盘腔换热特性对7个无量纲参数的敏感性。结果表明：在本文研究的某些工况内，反映进口耗散效应的埃克特准则与反映转盘热边界的基比切夫准则以及固体的无量纲导热系数对努塞尔数的影响程度与旋转雷诺准则同量级。根据本文分析结果，给出了早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究成果在先进航空发动机旋转盘腔设计工作中应用的注意事项和工程建议。     

水洞实验图像的一种测量与处理方法

在水洞实验中,由于光线在空气、水和观察窗面板中发生折射,准确实验图像的获取一直是一个难题。本文在大量水洞实验图象测量经验积累的基础上,以水洞模型超空化实验中的超空泡外形测量为例,提出了一种基于计算机图形学的水洞实验图像测量与处理的三步法。该方法不仅可对水洞实验中所拍摄的图像进行修正,消除因不同介质引起的折射误差,而且把图像数据化,可利用计算机对图形自动进行定量处理。经多次应用表明,图像测量与处理的三步法应用方便,具有较高的精度,取得了很好的应用效果。     

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面处理工艺研究

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面的处理是影响超导腔Q值的最大因素。本文首先通过理论分析确定了超导腔Q与表面剩余电阻的关系,其次通过一系列的表面处理工艺来保证超导腔内表面的剩余电阻尽量小,最后通过实验得到了超导腔的Q值为1.9E9,与理论计算结果相近,证明了表面处理的有效性。     

Tomography system for measurement of gas properties in combustion flow field

This paper describes a self-designed fiber-coupled tomography system and its application in combustion diagnostics. The tomographic technique, which combines tunable diode laser spectroscopy and algebraic reconstruction technique, enables the simultaneous reconstruction of temperature and gas concentration with both spatial and temporal resolutions. The system measures a maximum diameter of 35 cm in a circular area with a minimum spatial resolution of 1 mm×1 mm and temporal response of up to 1 kHz. Simulations validate the effects of the beam arrangement and discrete grid on reconstruction accuracy, and give the optimal beam arrangements. Experiments are made to demonstrate the tomography method, and systems are constructed in laboratory and on engineering test benches.     

Physical model for acoustic resonance in annular cavity structure

A physical model for acoustic resonance in the annular cavity structure is developed to represent the typical characteristic when acoustic resonance occurs. Firstly, the measurement of sound pressure in the casing and rotor blades vibration is operated in a multistage high pressure compressor. The sharp peak frequency and discrete multi-tone occur in the frequency spectrum of sound pressure in the compressor, and the vibration of the first stage of rotor blades synchronously presents the high amplitude. The frequencies associated with rotor blades vibration can be calculated with rotating sound source theory. It is also confirmed that acoustic resonance occurs in the multistage compressor. With acoustic similarity principle, an annular cavity model is established to simulate the typical characteristics of acoustic resonance in the compressor based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Lighthill acoustic analogy. The coupling relationship between cavity acoustic mode and disc vibration mode shape is expounded when acoustic resonance occurs in the model. And acoustic resonance will be locked in the certain flow rate range. All these characteristics match well with those occur in the multistage high pressure compressor.     

Gaseous cavity at the base of an underwater projectile

The problem of the behavior of the gaseous cavity which is formed at the base of an underwater launched projectile is treated using different approaches. Asymptotic analysis is used to yield expressions for similarity parameters and a simplified hydrodynamic model of the initial stretching phase. A laboratory facility is described, in which launches can be simulated and analyzed by means of pressure measurements and high speed visualizations. Complete calculations are also performed using a numerical “Volume of Fluid” model solving the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. Results from the three approaches are presented and compared during the cavity stretching phase. Finally, the thermodynamic aspects of the problem are examined.     

低太阳吸收率加成型有机硅热控涂层的研制

为了制备低αs/εh值热控涂层，必须选择合适的粘料。系统研究了组成对加成型热控涂层性能的影响，探讨了颜料与粘粒配比、含氢硅油种类、乙烯基硅橡胶种类、Si－H与CH＝CH配比、涂布方式等对热控涂层太阳吸收率（αs）、红外辐射率（εh）及αs/εh影响规律。     

测试传声器的高声压级校准

从原理和结构上分析测试传声器在高声压级下的非线性特性,着重介绍以高压谐振耦合腔为核心的高声压级校准装置的原理、校准方法及不确定度分析,并给出一些试验结果。     

汽室型铷原子频标中微波腔的小型化

讨论了实现汽室型铷原子频标微波腔小型化的技术途径,给出了自主研制的小型化微波腔的三维仿真结果和外型结构,介绍了以新研制的小型微波腔为基础构成的小型化腔泡系统。小型化微波腔的研制成功,使整个物理系统的体积减小。在小型化的条件下,整机短期频率稳定度达到了国际同类产品水平。     

反旋进气混合式减涡结构流动特性数值计算

提出了一种将反旋进气孔与减涡管相结合的混合式减涡器,数值研究了其减阻引气效果,分析了旋转雷诺数、无量纲入口质量流量对内部流场结构和压力损失的影响。研究发现:在混合式减涡器引气结构中,静压沿径向平缓降低,在周向分布均匀;随着无量纲入口质量流量或旋转雷诺数的增加,引气结构总压降呈现单调上升的趋势,其中在高旋转雷诺数、低无量纲质量流量工况下具有突出的减阻性能,其对应的湍流参数为0.106 4~0.324 5。相比于简单盘腔,反旋进气孔式及管式减涡器的压力损失分别降低62.5%、60.5%,混合式减涡器可降低80.4%,体现出良好的减阻引气效果。