强化排热的空间热泵系统分析

针对航天器潜在的各种类型热泵系统进行定性分析研究。综合分析表明,Rankine热泵系统综合性能最佳,效率高(理论上仅次于Stirling热泵系统),传热系数大,比重量小,地面上有长期运行的经验,其缺点是含有运动部件;Stirling热泵理论热效率虽高,但其传热系数小,比重量大,运动部件多;喷射式热泵和吸附式热泵系统最显著的优点是无运动部件,可靠性高,易于集成封装,而且还可以回收利用高温废热,不消耗系统电能,缺点是性能系数低,比重量大,设备十分庞大;对于其他类型热泵系统,其问题更多。     

An efficient regulation approach for tomographic reconstruction in combustion diagnostics based on TDLAS method

For tomographic reconstruction in combustion diagnostics, it is usually necessary to solve a rank-deficient problem, where the number of non-linear dependent equations is smaller than the number of unknowns. In some reconstructions, there are grids without rays passing through. This produces artifacts during the reconstruction. In this paper, the weight of the regulation equation is modified with the number of the rays crossing the grid cells. The effect of the neighboring grid values as well as the number of rays crossing the grid cells is considered in the new regulation method. Numerical simulation results show that the new regulation method suppresses the reconstruction error of the no rays crossing grid and successfully restrains the corner distortion in four projection angles. The effects of the weight coefficient and the smoothing factor on the reconstruction are examined through a numerical study. Finally, a combustion experiment demonstrates that the new regulation method can significantly reduce the reconstructed error, especially for the non-ray crossing condition, and the results are compared with thermocouple measurements and reconstructions without modified regulation.     

微波功率均衡器的小型化设计

文章设计出一种小型化的微波功率均衡器。分析了均衡网络中谐振吸收枝节的特性,并讨论了谐振单元间匹配网络的设计原则与约束。对谐振单元和级间匹配网络的参数进行设定和调整,并利用仿真软件进行优化分析,可以设计出满足目标响应的均衡器。基于该方法,设计了频段为1GHz-2GHz、小型化的微波功率均衡器。     

Impact of geomagnetic storm of September 7–8, 2017 on ionosphere and HF propagation: A multi-instrument study

The present study reveals the features of ionospheric parameters variations during the geomagnetic storm of September 7–8, 2017. In particular, parameters of vertical (foF2, foEs) and oblique ionospheric sounding (MOF, modes), absorption level, Total Electron Content (TEC) and particle fluxes at high altitudes were under analysis. The storm was characterized by two Dst-index mimima and can be considered as a sequence of two storms: first - with Dstmin?=??142?nT at 02 UT on September 8th and second - with Dstmin?=??122?nT and at 15 UT on September 8th. It was found that these two storms had different impacts on the ionosphere and HF propagation at mid- and high-latitudes of Northern Hemisphere. The signals of vertical and oblique ionospheric sounding were present in all ionograms before the first storm. Further, at the maximum of the first storm these signals were totally absorbed. Then, before the second storm and during its maximum the signals were detected again in the ionograms due to the low absorption. GOES satellite data showed the significant burst of electrons and protons only during the first storm and small particle fluxes - during the second storm. This feature was also confirmed with GPS data: TEC increased during the first storm and decreased during the second storm.     

量子真空标准研究进展

2018 年,国际计量局将对国际单位制7 个基本量进行重新定义或重述。基于光学方法的真空计量新方法、新概念进一步发展,促进真空计量标准向量子化迈进,对真空基本量复现以及今后真空国际单位制的重新定义（由压力的SI 单位帕斯卡（Pa）向气体密度单位（mol/m3 或分子个数/m3,变化）具有重要意义。与传统计量技术相比,利用光学方法所建立的量子真空计量标准具有不需要自校、溯源链零长度、响应快、准确度高、可在多个地点及不同时间复现等优点,为真正意义上的绝对原级标准。本文介绍了美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）、德国联邦物理技术研究院（PTB）及瑞典国家测试和检定研究院（SNTRI）等机构开展的基于折射率、吸收光谱、冷原子3种光学方法的新一代量子真空计量标准研究进展,对原理、关键技术及难度挑战进行了阐述和分析。     

环糊精对酚类包络性能的研究

本文以β－环糊精为主体,研究了它对２,４－二硝基苯酚、对氯苯酚和２,４－二氯苯酚的包络特性,作出了相应的包络特性曲线,探讨了浓度、ｐＨ 值对包络特性的影响。结果表明：β－环糊精对２,４－二硝基苯酚、对氯苯酚和２,４－二氯苯酚的包络物组成均为１∶１,包结常数分别为１．０×１０５、２．８×１０２、２．５×１０２,浓度和ｐＨ 值对包络特性有显著影响。     

填充复合型聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料研究进展

综述了近年来填充复合型聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的国内外最新研究进展,按照填料结构形态（纳微粒子颗粒型填料、高长径比结构填料、片层结构填料、三维网状框架结构填料）,对相关复合材料电磁屏蔽性能数据进行统计和对比。围绕构筑高效导电网络的目标,从导电填料选择与处理、基体结构设计与制备方法等角度对聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料进行详细分析与总结,阐明了聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料研究现状及关键问题,阐述了聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的研究方向和未来发展趋势。     

Absorption and vibrational spectra of methylamine and its ions using quantum chemical methods

We present vibrational spectra of methylamine and its ions using the MP2 method and absorption spectra using time dependent density functional method. On the basis of these calculations electronic transitions of methylamine were successfully determined. We also have derived electron affinity and ionization potential for methylamine. The ionization potential 8.98 eV from this work is in excellent agreement with the experimental value of 9.04 eV. We found that like neutral methylamine, its cation also displays strong σ → σ∗ electronic transitions in the vacuum UV region whereas its anion shows strong electronic transitions in both the vacuum and far UV regions. The detection of methylamine in astronomical objects may benefit greatly from the accurate new data on its far-UV and near-IR lines.     

GHz铁氧体电磁波吸收材料的研究

鉴于民用吸波材料市场的日益增加，用传统粉末冶金的方法制备了铁氧体吸收剂粉体，并测定了其内禀磁性能和电磁参数。采用吸收剂粉体与氯化聚乙烯复合的方法轧制出不同厚度的胶板，测定了10MHz～1．8GHz电磁波吸收性能及厚度的影响，复合胶板在400MHz～1．8GHz频段显示良好的吸收性能。降低吸收剂粉体的填充率有利于展宽频带，复合胶板在2GHz～10GHz频带的测试结果表明，反射系数小于-5dB的带宽达到3．6GHz，对应吸收率大于70％。样品的吸波性能已经具有一定的实用性。     

空间等离子体云的回旋同步辐射

CME在行星际空间传播时, 会导致强磁场、高密度等离子体云的出现. 回旋同步辐射是此类等离子体的一种主要的射电辐射机制, 且携带行星际磁场的重要信息. 本文重点探讨了光深τν ≤1时回旋同步辐射的发射、吸收及极化特性, 包括热电子、非热电子, 投掷角各向同性、投掷角各向异性等离子体云的回旋同步辐射过程的研究分析. 在此基础上, 推导了考虑折射指数情况下, 辐射强度、辐射亮温的表达式.