Effects of B on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Nb-Ti-Si-based Ultrahigh-temperature Alloy

Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys concocted with boron ranging from 0 to 2 at% are prepared by arc-melting technology. The effects of adding boron on their as-melted microstructure and oxidation resistance are analyzed. The (Nb,Ti)ss, β-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ exist in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf alloy, while (Nb,Ti)ss, α-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ are present in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-1B and Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-2B alloys. The oxidation of Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys is dominated by the diffusion of oxygen through (Nb,Ti)ss. Compared to boron-free alloys, the boron-containing alloys have significantly lower oxidation rate when oxidized at 1 200 °C for less than 50 h, but, for more than 50 h, their oxidation resistance deteriorates.     

镍铬-镍硅热电偶特性分析与应用研究

以镍铬-镍硅热电偶在火箭发动机试验中的应用为研究对象。对其特性和影响测量的主要因素进行了论述。对镍铬-镍硅热电偶在使用中的劣化问题进行了研究和探讨,结果表明重复使用后的镍铬-镍硅热电偶的劣化是不可避免的,其劣化程度随封装形式、使用温度、直径及使用时间的不同而异,并根据多次试验数据的积累,总结出了相应的处理方法。     

Dominant Factors of Metal Jet Breakup in Micro Droplet Deposition Manufacturing Technique

For the solutions of random variations of metal jet breakup and difficulties in controlling and predicting the process parameters (e.g. jet length) in micro droplet deposition manufacturing technique, experimental methods combining with theoretical analyses have been developed. The jet formation, jet length and their dominant factors (oxygen concentration and disturbance frequency, etc.) are discussed. The statistical law of jet length is found that the probability density function (PDF) of jet length is a log-normal distribution. The results show that the formation and size accuracy of metal jet breakup are improved by adjusting the gas pressure and optimizing the disturbance frequency. Under this circumstance, the jet length and morphological deviation can be minimized, which provides a stable droplet stream for the subsequent manufacturing process.     

Effect of Rhenium Addition on Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Tribaloy T-800 Alloy

The effects of 4 wt% rhenium (Re) addition on isothermal oxidation behavior of Tribaloy T-800 alloy have been studied at 800 °C and 1 000 °C in air. At 800 °C, T-800 shows nonuniform oxidation between dendritic and eutectic areas. Re addition clearly promotes the nonuniform oxidation, leading to considerably higher mass gains than that of T-800 at this temperature. At 1 000 °C exposure, the thickness of scale on T-800 increases significantly, accompanied by severe scale spallation during cooling to room temperature. On the contrary, T-800Re shows a marked decrease of oxide growth rate compared to the linear one of T-800 at 1 000 °C. The scale adhesion is also improved with Re addition at this higher temperature. Therefore, the role of Re depends on the exposure temperature. Re addition gives high oxidation rate at 800 °C, however, the excellent oxidation resistance is obtained by the addition of Re at a higher temperature of 1 000 °C.     

内氧化制备A1_2O_3/Cu复合材料载流条件下表面磨损形貌和摩擦学性能研究(英文)

Two Al2O3/Cu composites containing 0.24 wt.% Al2O3 and 0.60 wt.% Al2O3 separately are prepared by internal oxidation. Effects of sliding speed and pressure on the frictional characteristics of the composites and copper against brass are investigated and compared. The changes in morphology of the sliding surface and subsurface are examined with scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum （EDS）. The results show that the wear resistance of the Al2O3/Cu composites is superior to that of copper under the same conditions, Under a given electrical current, the wear rate of Al2O3/Cu composites decreases as the Al2O3-content increases, However, the wear rates of the Al2O3/Cu composites and copper increase as the sliding speed and pressure increase under dry sliding condition. The main wear mechanisms for Al2O3/Cu composites are of abrasion and adhesion; for copper, it is adhesion, although wear by oxidation and electrical erosion can also be observed as the speed and pressure rise.     

新型多元铌合金的高温氧化行为

文摘研究了Nb-15Ti-11Al和Nb-15Ti-11Al-10Si两种多元铌合金在1 100和1 300℃高温下的氧化行为,建立了合金高温氧化动力学模型。结果表明:粉末冶金方法制备的铌合金微观组织细小,大大降低了氧的短路扩散;合金中的钛降低了氧在基体中的固溶度并降低了氧的扩散速率;合金中的硅在高温时形成熔融态的SiO2可有效地抑制Nb2O5的生长,从而保证了氧化膜表面均匀平整。     

3-D C/SiC复合材料的氧化行为

研究了３－ＤＣ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化行为。在航空发动机燃气环境中的实验结果表明,Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化失重与材料内部的大量孔隙以及涂层和基体中的微裂纹有关,其中基体内部的孔隙起着主要作用。在燃气中氧化后,Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料力学性能的降低幅度比在干燥空气中的小,这是由于燃气中的氧分压较低。     

表面处理对热障涂层界面微结构的影响

采用真空电弧离子镀技术在单晶高温合金DD32上制备HY5金属粘结层,通过振动光饰、吹砂2种不同的表面处理方法改变粘结层表面状态,再在粘结层表面利用电子束物理气相沉积技术制备陶瓷层。研究了不同处理方法对粘结层表面状态的影响;测试了不同表面处理方法下制备的热障涂层的高温氧化性能并对比分析了它们的变化规律。此外,探讨了不同表面处理方法对界面元素成分及失效特征的影响。研究结果表明,通过表面处理可以去除粘结层表面较大的凸起,提高表面平整度,提高热障涂层抗氧化性能。与粗糙界面相比,光滑界面形成的TGO层均匀致密,Al含量高。经长时间的高温氧化后,粗糙界面的TGO层出现明显皱曲现象,陶瓷层开裂剥落。     

AZ91D镁合金低压交流氧化成膜机制

基于一种低的交流电压条件(10 V),在NaOH和Na₂SiO₃的混合溶液体系中,对AZ91D镁合金进行电化学阳极氧化处理.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电化学测试技术等手段研究了AZ91D镁合金表面阳极氧化的成膜过程、膜层生长的特点以及氧化工艺参数对膜层性能的影响规律.试验结果表明:在10 V这样低的交流电压下,在镁合金表面获得的氧化膜层表面均匀,为无孔洞的平层状膜层,其生长过程呈叠加式特点;获得的氧化膜层的主要成分为Mg₂SiO₄;在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中,经过电化学阳极氧化的镁合金的耐蚀性优于未经处理的镁合金.      

压力对航空煤油RP-3结焦的影响

实验研究航空煤油RP-3在流动状态下的结焦分布情况,并分析了压力对于氧化结焦的影响.实验中采用恒定热流的方式将流经长2 m的单通道不锈钢管(Ф2.2×0.2,1Cr18N i9Ti)中的航空煤油由127℃加热到427℃,质量流量4 g/s,并利用"称重法"获得RP-3结焦数据.通过改变系统压力3,4,5,6,7MPa,研究了压力对RP-3壁面结焦速率的影响规律.实验结果表明,压力的提高,对管壁的结焦有一定的抑制作用,结焦峰值位置也有沿实验段往下游移动的趋势,不同压力情况下的管壁结焦速率分布曲线的形状大致相当.