CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.     

基于S1000D的飞机系统原理图册编制方法研究

飞机系统原理图册(SSM)是辅助飞机排故及培训的重要手册,目前,传统纸质版SSM包含信息多,结构化程度低,查阅不变,理解困难,交互性差。为此,本文通过分析传统飞机系统原理图册的数据需求、生成过程及使用场景,基于S1000D标准结构化的思想,提出了飞机系统原理图册结构化教据存储方式及交互式编制使用方法。该方法应用S1000D的标准化信息分类及数据架构,将系统原理图册相关信息元素进行结构化转化,明确其逻辑关联关系及使用模式,一方面可以用于军民用飞机原理图册交互式电子技术手册(IETM)的研制,另一方面也为IETM拓展为综合保障信息系统提供参考。     

一种减少失速保护虚警率的混合滤波方法

针对飞机失速保护设计过程中易出现虚警的情况,提出一种基于FIR和传统滤波器相结合的混合滤波方法。结合飞机本体的运动特征,对参与失速保护逻辑运算的两个重要参数,即侧向加速度和迎角信号进行频率分析,基于信号的特征设计混合滤波器,然后采用Simulink滤波工具箱设计滤波器对信号进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明该方法能够减少虚警率的发生,特别是大背景噪声下的虚警率能够得到较好抑制,验证了滤波器设计正确性,从而提高失速保护功能对适航条款符合性。该滤波器设计方法,不但可以有效解决本文提到的问题,对于其他涉及信号处理的系统设计同样具有借鉴意义。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

基于微观结构分析的CMDB推进剂动态断裂韧性加载率敏感性研究

为研究改性双基推进剂(CMDB)的动态断裂特性,利用霍普金森实验技术(SHPB)对CMDB推进剂进行了冲击实验,并对实验数据的可靠性进行了校验;通过数值仿真的方法进一步验证了实验数据的有效性,获得了CMDB推进剂的动态断裂韧性;利用电镜扫描技术对试件断面进行了微观表征和分析。结果表明:CMDB推进剂在加载率58906~100056MPa·m1/2·s-1范围内,表现出明显的加载率敏感性;加载率达到105000 MPa·m1/2·s-1左右时,断裂韧性不再继续增大,反而出现下降趋势;电镜分析结果表明,CMDB推进剂加载率敏感性与其内部高氯酸铵(AP)颗粒的微观破坏机理直接相关。     

考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用的指尖密封瞬态性能分析

针对已有指尖密封性能分析工作中未考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用使得指尖密封的理论分析与工程实际有较明显差距的问题,建立了考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能分析模型,对是否考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能差异进行了比较分析.研究结果表明:指尖密封性能分析工作需要考虑泄漏间隙有压流体的作用.考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用指尖密封的泄漏率较不考虑有压流体作用的泄漏率最大增加了234.7%,且有压流体作用使指尖密封泄漏率随转速增加的趋势更加显著.      

高超声速飞行体亚密湍流尾迹RCS特性的相似规律研究

再入或临近空间高超声速飞行器在大气层中飞行时,会形成等离子体绕流和尾迹,将严重影响飞行器的电磁散射特性,从而使得临近空间高超声速飞行器表现出与大气层内常规飞行器和大气层外轨道飞行器在电磁散射特性上的明显不同,对飞行器的探测、跟踪带来新的挑战。弹道靶是高超声速飞行器尾迹电磁散射特性研究的重要设备,为了由弹道靶试验结果外推出真实飞行条件下亚密湍流尾迹的RCS,本文从高超声速流场模拟的双缩尺率和亚密湍流尾迹RCS模拟的Born近似出发,推导出真实飞行条件下和地面弹道靶试验之间亚密湍流尾迹RCS模拟的一种相似规律,推导结果显示当D1/D2=η,V∞1=V∞2,ρ∞1/ρ∞2=1/η,ω1/ω2=λ2/λ1=1/η时,雷达散射截面服从σ1/σ2=η4的相似规律。推导出的相似规律可以为超高速飞行器亚密湍流尾迹RCS研究提供技术支持。     

绕圆头回转体通气空化流型的实验研究

为了深入了解通气空化流动现象,利用高速全流场显示技术,对绕圆头回转体通气空化流型进行实验研究。结果表明,重力效应和通气量对通气空化的多相流流型起主要作用。定义了弗洛德数和通气率两个无量纲数,将绕圆头回转体通气空化分为5种多相流流型,即透明空泡、透明气弹、透明分层、水气混合以及半透明水气混合。流动参数对流型的影响分为2个阶段,即重力起主要作用阶段和重力效应不明显阶段。在重力起主要作用阶段,通气率一定时,随着弗洛德数的增大,附着弹体的空泡倾斜程度变小,弹体上表面的断裂空泡转变为贴着弹体壁面的稳定空泡;弗洛德数一定时,随着通气率的增大弹体上表面断裂空泡的尺度不断增大。在重力效应不明显阶段,通气率一定时,随着弗洛德数的增大,雷诺数变大,流场的湍流强度增大,空泡尾流区域水气交换的程度加剧;弗洛德数一定时,随着通气率的增大,通气空化数减小,绕弹体的云雾状空泡逐渐转变为透明空泡。最后,进一步分析了重力影响下透明空泡脱落的非定常过程,以及反向射流作用下云雾状空泡交替脱落的非定常过程。     

基于概率统计的DS/FH系统干扰检测算法

基于时频分布的干扰检测算法是DS/FH（Direct Sequence/Frequency Hopping,直接序列扩频/跳频扩频）系统干扰检测的传统手段,针对其运算量大、实时性差,以及无法检测某些特殊干扰信号等问题,提出一种基于概率统计的干扰检测算法.通过统计DS/FH系统频谱图中各频率的幅值出现位置,以DS/FH信号与干扰信号频谱分布规律的差别为判决依据,完成DS/FH系统中干扰信号的检测.分析和仿真结果表明：该检测算法能够有效识别DS/FH系统中的典型干扰信号,与传统基于时频分布的检测算法相比,能够实现某些特殊干扰信号的有效检测;同时,由于该算法不需要进行复杂的时频联合分析,其运算复杂度大大降低,能够实现DS/FH系统干扰信号的快速检测.