腹下无隔道大偏距跨声速S弯进气道气动特性的实验研究(英文)

An investigation on the ventral diverterless high offset S-shaped inlet is carried out at Mach numbers from 0.600 to 1.534, angles of attack from -4° to 9.4°, and yaw angles from 0° to 8°. Results indicate： （1） a large region of low total pressure exists at the lower part of the inlet exit caused by the counter-rotating vortices in the S-shaped duct; （2） the performances of the inlet at Mach number 1.000 reach almost the highest, so the propulsion system could work efficiently in terms of aerodynamics; （3） the total pressure recovery increases slowly at first and then remains unvaried as the Mach number rises from 0.6 to 1.0, however, it does in an opposite manner in the conventional diverter-equipped S-shaped inlet; （4） the performances of the inlet are generally insensitive to angles of attack from -4° to 9.4° and yaw angles from 0° to 8° at Mach number 0.850, and angles of attack from -2° to 6° and yaw angles from 0° to 5° at Mach number 1.534.     

镍基单晶合金高温蠕变的θ映射模型

针对镍基单晶涡轮叶片蠕变的晶体方向性问题,运用θ映射法,在晶体滑移理论框架下,建立了能够描述镍基单晶合金各向异性蠕变的θ模型.利用文献中2种镍基单晶合金(DD3和CMSX-4)的蠕变数据,对所采用的方法进行了验证,并获得了2种材料各自对应的材料参数.理论预测值和试验数据基本吻合.结果表明:将θ映射法移植到晶体滑移理论中是可行的,能够用来模拟镍基单晶合金的各向异性蠕变行为.     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

航空发动机风扇转子叶片外物损伤I.鸟撞击试验研究(英文)

本文改进了叶片鸟撞击试验条件。对某型发动机风扇一级转子叶片进行了鸟撞击试验。通过对叶片的鸟撞击瞬态响应分析和撞击前后叶片叶型变化的分析,验证了风扇一级转子叶片的抗鸟撞击性能,为某型发动机风扇转子叶片的抗外物损伤设计提供了依据。     

一种通量加权型紧致格式

将通量加权的思想引入到紧致格式中,构造了一个传统方法与紧致格式混合组成的加权型差分格式.利用该格式与二阶TVD格式分别计算了一维方波、组合波问题和一些黎曼问题,如Sod问题和Shu问题,以及一维定常激波问题.计算结果的比较表明加权格式无论在捕捉各种间断,还是在分辨各种复杂波系上,都具有较大的优势,并与精确解非常吻合.      

静叶片时序效应对压气机叶片非定常气动负荷的影响

采用数值方法对两级低速压气机中径处的流场进行非定常模拟。研究第二排静叶在两个典型周向位置上的叶片气动负荷,分析各列叶栅气动负荷的非定常波动以及静叶时序效应对叶栅气动负荷的影响。对各列叶栅的非定常气动力和气动力矩进行频谱分析,探讨叶列间的非定常气动干扰。结果表明,时序效应对静叶片气动负荷的影响明显高于动叶片的。时序效应能够提高压气机的性能与叶片寿命.      

火箭发动机喷管辐射及壁温的计算研究

研究了火箭发动机复合喷管的耦合换热及瞬态壁温的计算方法,考虑了扩散控制的C/C喉衬的稳态烧蚀,建立了封闭腔-净辐射模型计算喷管内的辐射换热,改进了喷管辐射换热的计算方法.计算了两种复合喷管的壁温随时间的变化,并与有关文献的结果进行对比.研究表明:在火箭发动机喷管的入口段,高温燃气对壁面的辐射换热热流比对流换热热流强;采用封闭腔-净辐射法计算火箭发动机喷管的辐射精度较高.      

静态封严篦齿内部流动与换热的数值计算

建立二维篦齿模型,运用数值方法,从分析齿腔内流场和篦齿顶板换热的角度研究了篦齿的封严特性.通过多种工况的计算,探讨了雷诺数、齿顶宽和齿隙之比对篦齿腔内流动、压降损失以及齿腔顶板换热系数之间的关系.计算数据和实验数据进行比较,发现变化规律一致,误差较小.研究结果表明:雷诺数、齿顶宽和齿隙之比影响着齿腔内部流动和换热的状态,是最终成为决定篦齿封严效果的重要因素.      

湍流燃烧模型对氢燃料超燃室流场模拟的影响

采用化学平衡的假定概率密度函数(PDF)模型和火焰面模型计算了德国宇航研究中心的超燃室反应流,计算结果与有限速率反应模型的和实验的结果进行了对比.使用有限体积法离散Favre平均的N-S方程,湍流模型采用k-ε模型.研究表明:(1)有限速率反应模型在喷氢孔近场,化学平衡的假定PDF模型在喷氢孔远场不能准确捕捉流场的细致结构,而火焰面模型对全流场预测较好,后两种模型的计算时间较有限速率反应模型节省约38%;(2)超燃室内湍流和燃烧相互作用不可忽略,从预测精度和计算效率来看,火焰面模型有较好的工程应用前景.      

CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.