集成式伺服作动器压力损失特性及其影响因素

针对集成式伺服作动器液压回路的特点和选择切换功能，分析了能源切换原理、选择活门的压力损失规律及其对作动器活塞运动速度的影响。电磁阀通过控制选择活门阀芯的位置以实现不同能源的切换。分析了选择活门压力损失的成因分布与特征。由分析可知，流道结构突变处的局部损失占比最大，沿程损失可忽略不计，选择活门压力损失与流入流量的平方呈比例关系。同时，拟合出了活塞伸出运动和收缩运动时的压力损失经验系数。建立了作动器左右腔流量、压力和活塞动力学模型，发现某型选择活门压力损失使作动器活塞伸出速度下降了4.9%，收缩速度下降了5.2%。由于活塞受力情况一致，选择活门的压力损失不影响负载力与活塞速度的关系，速度下降比例与负载力无关；阀芯开度直接影响着流经系统流量，系统流量影响着流体与流道的撞击强度和频率，进而影响了选择活门的压力损失程度，速度下降百分比随阀芯开度增大而增大。分析结果可为高可靠性、高精度航空作动器伺服控制系统的设计提供技术支持。     

基于声波传播时间估计的气流速度测量方法

 为实现对亚声速和超声速气流速度的统一测量,提出了一种基于声传感器的新型测量方法。首先,根据声波在亚声速和超声速气流中的传播特性,利用特定的测量装置建立了声波传播时间与气流速度之间的数学模型,从而将气流速度的测量问题转化为声波传播时间的测量问题。然后,在此基础上,利用计时法和最大似然估计(MLE)方法来估计声波传播时间;其中,计时法在实时性上优势明显,而MLE方法则在可靠性上优于前者。最后,分别从阵元位置扰动性、计时误差和克拉美-罗界(CRB)3个方面对所提算法的性能进行了分析与仿真验证。结果表明,该算法能够实现对亚声速和超声速气流速度的精确测量。     

Tangent-impulse transfer from elliptic orbit to an excess velocity vector

The two-body orbital transfer problem from an elliptic parking orbit to an excess veloc-ity vector with the tangent impulse is studied. The direction of the impulse is constrained to be aligned with the velocity vector, then speed changes are enough to nullify the relative velocity. First, if one tangent impulse is used, the transfer orbit is obtained by solving a single-variable function about the true anomaly of the initial orbit. For the initial circular orbit, the closed-form solution is derived. For the initial elliptic orbit, the discontinuous point is solved, then the initial true anomaly is obtained by a numerical iterative approach; moreover, an alternative method is proposed to avoid the singularity. There is only one solution for one-tangent-impulse escape trajectory. Then, based on the one-tangent-impulse solution, the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is obtained by a numerical optimization algorithm, e.g., the genetic method. Finally, several examples are provided to validate the proposed method. The numerical results show that the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is the same as the one-tangent-impulse trajectory.     

Experimental study of partially-cured Z-pins reinforced foam core composites：K-Cor sandwich structures

This paper presents an experimental study of a novel K-Cor sandwich structure rein- forced with partially-cured Z-pins. The influence of pultrusion processing parameters on Z-pins characteristics was studied and the effect of Z-pins on mechanical properties was disclosed. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and optical microscopy （OM） methods were employed to determine the curing degree of as-prepared Z-pins and observe the implanted Z-pins in the K-Cor structure. These partially-cured Z-pins were treated with a stronger bonding link between face sheets and the foam core by means of a hot-press process, thereby decreasing burrs and cracking defects when the Z-pins were implanted into the Rohacell foam core. The results of the out-of-plane tensile tests and the climbing drum peel （CDP） tests showed that K-Cor structures exhibited superior mechanical performance as compared to X-Cor and blank foam core. The observed results of failure modes revealed that an effective bonding link between the foam core and face sheets that was provided from partially-cured Z-pins contributed to the enhanced mechan- ical performances of K-Cor sandwich structures.     

基于激光吸收光谱技术的超声速气流测量研究

为研究可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱测量技术在工业环境中的应用,采用波长调制光谱测量方法,对超燃直连式试验台隔离段内的超声速气流进行了测量研究。通过对7185.60cm-1和7454.45cm-12条H2O吸收谱线的频率标定和多普勒频移测量,实现了高速气流速度的实时在线测量,测量值相对于预测值的偏差在3%以内。基于2条H2O吸收谱线的光谱参数和激光调制参数,建立了基于实验环境的仿真数据库。采用频分复用方法,通过迭代求解了隔离段内的温度和组分浓度,其结果相对于预测值的偏差分别在4%和12%以内。该方法不仅能够实现不同谱线的同步实时测量,而且验证了在恶劣环境下的应用效果。     

六毫米内径管道中的单次爆震实验研究

为研究微尺度下的爆震波传播特性,用乙烯和氧气为燃料和氧化剂,在6mm内径的管道内进行了爆震实验研究。实验表明,气体混合物在该尺度下可以产生稳定的爆震波,且爆震强度和火焰传播模式等受当量比影响较大。实验在不同当量比下得到了缓燃转爆震的距离,其中当量比1.4时距离最短,当量比大于2.2时爆震不稳定。用高速摄像机拍摄了当量比0.8,1.4和2.2下的火焰传播过程,发现了多种火焰形态并分析了形成原因;测量了三种当量比下的爆震速度和压力,发现当量比2.2时的爆震压力和速度最大,0.8时最小。实验值与C-J爆震理论值吻合较好。     

重装空投中出舱速度对货物翻转的影响分析

为了明确出舱速度对货物翻转的影响程度,构建了货物翻转运动轨迹模型,并通过实例在不同出舱速度的条件下对货物最大翻转角进行计算分析,拟合出货物翻转角随出舱速度的变化曲线,实现了货物出舱速度对货物最大翻转角影响的状态可视化。该计算模型可为控制合理的出舱速度范围以提升飞机空投安全提供参考。     

基于智能机械臂的任意扫描曲面天线测试系统

传统的天线测试技术已趋成熟,这些系统主要由扫描架与转台构成,体量大且造价相对高昂.而随着人工智能技术和制造水平的巨幅提升,机械臂产业已得到广泛应用,利用高精度机械臂代替扫描架与伺服控制,加之数据后处理算法,开创了天线测试领域的新纪元.研究的基于智能机械臂的任意曲面天线测试系统为国内天线测试领域的首例实践,可实现任意扫描...     

二维Delaunay网格的一个约束边恢复算法

针对二维约束Delaunay网格生成中约束边恢复问题,提出了一个基于平面扫描策略的约束边恢复算法,证明其收敛性。给出了算法的计算复杂度,说明了算法能有效减少＂相交测试＂的次数。实现算法并用复杂算例验证了所得结论。