基于随机与区间分析的状态方程不确定性比较

基于现代控制理论中状态方程的求解算法,对具有参数不确定性的控制系统采用非概率区间分析方法与随机控制理论进行研究。首先明确实际工程应用中不确定性的概念和影响,分别建立了区间值和随机过程2种描述方法,求解系统的响应区间,并分为与初始条件和输入相关的零输入和零状态两部分不确定量。根据区间数学中的区间函数扩张原理和概率统计理论中的切比雪夫不等式,从数学证明和数值计算2个方面,分别用非概率区间分析和概率统计方法求解不确定系统的响应,并对二者进行比较,分析其相容性。结果表明,在由概率统计信息得到不确定性变量的区间向量为系统输入的情况下,非概率区间分析方法得到的响应区间包含由随机控制理论得到的响应区间。     

Trajectory optimization of multiple asteroids exploration with asteroid 2010TK7 as main target

In this study, the Earth’s Trojan asteroid 2010 TK₇ is selected as the rendezvous target. The multiple flyby sequence of asteroid exploration was proposed by optimizing the probe’s orbit. Impulsive maneuvers and low-thrust propulsion were used respectively to design the trajectories of the multiple asteroids exploration mission. Under impulsive maneuvers, gravity assist technique was adopted to reduce fuel consumption. First a reference orbit with only 2010 TK₇ as the rendezvous target was designed. Then five asteroids near the reference orbit were selected as candidates. Finally, we obtained a multiple asteroids exploration sequence of three asteroids based on gravity assist technique and genetic algorithm, and an additional velocity impulse of 0.4?km/s was required. In the subsequent section, a sixth-degree inverse polynomial shape-based method is applied to the low-thrust trajectory design of 2010 TK₇, and the exploration sequence under the action of low-thrust propulsion was provided.     

定义在屏幕上显示汉字形文件形的函数

在工程图样中技术要求、标题拦与明细表等用汉字来说明。用户使用非汉化的ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ（英）２．１８版～１０．０版编辑图形，有时需要加汉字文本到图上。本文将介绍应用定义在屏幕上显示一个汉字形文件中各个形的函数，在输出的汉字表上可以准确检索出汉字的形名，便于汉字调用。     

降落伞开伞过程正交试验研究

降落伞开伞过程存在的偏差因素可能会导致开伞动压峰值及开伞力峰值出现极大值,从而对回收过程可靠性造成影响.文章以开伞动压峰值及开伞力峰值为试验指标,采用正交试验方法对比分析了不同水平数情况偏差因素对试验指标的影响度大小,得到了试验指标极值及对应的偏差因素取值条件,并分析了忽略系统初始偏航角、初始滚转角、初始角速度等次要偏...     

欧美军用直升机技术发展研究

首先简要介绍了第49届巴黎航展的基本情况,然后对欧美军用直升机的发展趋势和技术特点进行了较为深入的分析,阐述了军用直升机在海上多样化行动中的作用,最后给出了几点启示。     

多体复杂系统力学载荷识别方法

力学环境研究和试验条件制定需要获知船（星）箭组合体在上升段过程中经历的复杂的力学环境条件,然而目前没有针对发动机的推力脉动、跨声速抖振等外力函数的直接测量方法。针对该问题,文章提出了一种应用载荷识别方法反演运载火箭和卫星组合体在发射段力学载荷条件的新方法。运用Duhamel积分和模态叠加法,以二次多项式作为基函数,推导建立了多自由度振动系统动态载荷识别数学模型,并通过算例完成了与精细积分法的比较。结果表明新方法具有较好的抗干扰能力和很高的识别精度,且无误差积累问题存在,通过提高采样频率,减小计算步长,可获得更精确的识别结果,为工程应用提供技术支撑。     

Inter-satellite calibration of FengYun 3 medium energy electron fluxes with POES electron measurements

We perform an L-shell dependent inter-satellite calibration of FengYun 3 medium energy electron measurements with POES measurements based on rough orbital conjunctions within 5?min?×?0.1?L?×?0.5 MLT. By comparing electron flux data between the U.S. Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES) and Chinese sun-synchronous satellites including FY-3B and FY-3C for a whole year of 2014, we attempt to remove less reliable data and evaluate systematic uncertainties associated with the FY-3B and FY-3C datasets, expecting to quantify the inter-satellite calibration factors for the 150–350?keV energy channel at L?=?2–7. Compared to the POES data, the FY-3B and FY-3C data generally exhibit a similar trend of electron flux variations but more or less underestimate them within a factor of 5 for the medium electron energy 150–350?keV channel. Good consistency in the flux conjunctions after the inter-calibration procedures gives us certain confidence to generalize our method to calibrate electron flux measurements from various satellite instruments.     

水下复杂环境下基于SINS/USBL/DVL多源信息融合的组合导航算法

针对复杂水下声场环境下高精度、长航时导航与定位的需求,构建了捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)/超短基线(USBL)相对测量信息的观测方程和SINS/声学多普勒测速仪(DVL)的观测方程,提出了一种融合SINS/USBL/DVL多源信息的组合定位算法.为解决声学量测信息不确定引起的导航性能下降的问题,充分考虑水声野值所导致的...     

The effect of collisions in ionogram inversion

The results of this paper demonstrate that the effect of collisions on the group refraction index is small, when the ordinary ray is considered. If, however, in order to improve the performance of a system for automatic interpretation of ionograms, the information contained in ordinary and extraordinary traces is combined, the effect of collisions between the electrons and neutral molecules should be taken into account for the extraordinary ray. The magnitude of these differences is generally very small and must be compared with the resolution in the virtual vertical height of the ionosonde, resolution which is typically of the order of few kilometers.     

Pressure,O2, and CO2, in aquatic Closed Ecological Systems

Pressure increased during net photosynthetic O₂ production in the light and decreased during respiratory O₂ uptake during the dark in aquatic Closed Ecological Systems (CESs) with small head gas volumes. Because most CO₂ will be in the liquid phase as bicarbonate and carbonate anions, and CO₂ is more soluble than O₂, volumes of gaseous CO₂ and gaseous O₂ will not change in a compensatory manner, leading to the development of pressure. Pressure increases were greatest with nutrient rich medium with NaHCO₃ as the carbon source. With more dilute media, pressure was greatest with NaHCO₃, and less with cellulose or no-added carbon. Without adequate turbulence, pressure measurements lagged dissolved O₂ concentrations by several hours and dark respiration would have been especially underestimated in our systems (250–1000 ml). With adequate turbulence (rotary shaker), pressure measurements and dissolved O₂ concentrations generally agreed during lights on/off cycles, but O₂ measurements provided more detail. At 20 °C, 29.9 times as much O₂ will distribute into the gas phase as in the liquid, per unit volume, as a result of the limited solubility of O₂ in water and according to Henry’s Law. Thus even a small head gas volume can contain more O₂ than a larger volume of water. When both dissolved and gaseous O₂ and CO₂ are summed, the changes in Total O₂ and CO₂ are in relatively close agreement when NaHCO₃ is the carbon source. These findings disprove an assumption made in some of Taub’s earlier research that aquatic CESs would remain at approximately atmospheric pressure because approximately equal molar quantities of O₂ and CO₂ would exchange during photosynthesis and respiration; this assumption neglected the distribution of O₂ between water and gas phases. High pressures can occur when NaHCO₃ is the carbon source in nutrient rich media and if head-gas volumes are small relative to the liquid volume; e.g., one “worse case” condition developed 800 mm Hg above atmospheric pressure and broke the glass container. Plastic screw cap closures are likely to leak at high pressures and should not be assumed to seal unless tested at appropriate pressures. Pressure can be reduced by having larger head-gas volumes and using less concentrated nutrient solutions. It is important that pressure changes be considered for both safety and closure, and if total O₂ is used as the measure of net photosynthesis and respiration, the O₂ in the gas phase must be added to the dissolved O₂.