Rats in a transparent morris water maze use elemental and configural geometry of landmarks as well as distance to the pool wall

The aim of this study is to evaluate whatare the dimensions of a panorama of discretelandmarks that a rodent will store in order toreturn to a previously visited target. Ratswere trained to locate a hidden platform in acircular pool of clouded water set within aquasi-spherical enclosure. In order to find theplatform, they had to learn the geometricrelations between the platform and asurrounding set of three discrete landmarks,highly visible through the transparent wall ofthe pool. In test trials without a platform,the array of landmarks was so manipulated as todissociate the effect of actual distance to thelandmarks, of their angular separation, and oftheir apparent dimension. Animals were shown torely equally on angular separation and apparentdimension. The role of actual distance couldnot be definitely ascertained, as animals wereshown to additionally rely on the distance tothe pool wall in order to locate theplatform.     

Function,geometry and spatial prepositions: Three experiments

In this paper the results of three experiments are reported whichaddress the issue of the relative extent to which functionalrelations versus geometric relations affect spatial language. Theexperiments examine the role of a discourse context on the useand rating of the preposition in to describe a visual scenewhere the constraint of spatial containment between figure(object located) and ground (reference object) does not hold. Allthree experiments demonstrate that in is used more andrated to be significantly more appropriate in a functionalcontext than in a no context condition. The implications of thesestudies for spatial language and spatial representation arediscussed.     

Representing a stable environment by egocentric updating and invariant representations

To represent a stable environment despite the experience of changes during self movements, one can either develop an invariant allocentric representation, or update the egocentric representations as one moves. Using a disorientation paradigm, three sets of studies investigated these mechanisms in human navigation and scene recognition. Accuracy in the configuration of multiple object localization is impaired by disorientation, an effect not due to artifacts such as memory deterioration over time, intervening physical activities, uncertainty in self position and orientation, etc., suggesting one can locate objects primarily by updating their egocentric positions as she or he moves. Disorientation also impaired the judgment of changes to a scene after viewer movements, suggesting a similar egocentric updating process. On the contrary, representation of the shape of the surroundings is invariant and persists through disorientation. The coexistence of multiple mechanisms may increase the flexibility and robustness of the system.     

自适应DBF与空间谱估计

讨论了自适应数字波束形成(DBF)技术和超分辨空间谱估计技术,并提出了一种基于信号协方差矩阵特征分解的时-空二维信号高分辨谱估计算法。以上技术应用于相控阵雷达系统,可以精确获得多个运动目标的方位信息和多普勒信息。文章最后给出了计算机模拟结果。     

数字化技术在叶轮研制中的应用

本文通过分析归纳建立了一种叶轮数字化建模方法，并利用该方法成功实现了某型叶轮三维模型创建，同时也根据该数字化模型实现了模具数字化设计及其数控加工。     

Modeling visuospatial reasoning

I apply my proposed modification of Soar/Spatial/Visual System and Kosslyn’s (1983) computational operations on images to problems within a 2 × 2 taxonomy that classifies research according to whether the coding involves static or dynamic relations within an object or between objects (Newcombe & Shipley, 2015). I then repeat this analysis for problems that are included in mathematics and science curricula. Because many of these problems involve reasoning from diagrams Hegarty’s (2011) framework for reasoning from visual-spatial displays provides additional support for organizing this topic. Two more relevant frameworks specify reasoning at different levels of abstraction (Reed, 2016) and with different combinations of actions and objects (Reed, 2018). The article concludes with suggestions for future directions.     

大跨度空间结构典型形体风压分布风洞试验研究现状

随着科学技术的发展和施工工艺的进步,各种外形美观、结构新颖的大跨度空间结构得到了广泛的应用。这类结构往往对风荷载十分敏感,其屋面几何形状对表面风压分布有着重大影响。不同形式的屋面,表面风压分布有很大区别;即使屋面整体形式相同,但由于其矢跨比(f/D)、长跨比(L/D)等几何参数的不同,也会使屋面风压分布发生较大变化。对此,目前尚无详细规范可依。本文回顾了几类典型空间结构的风洞试验,总结了这几类结构的屋面几何形状与风压分布之间的变化规律,为大跨空间结构风压分布规律确定及气动优化设计研究提供参考。     

空域滤波器组对雷达阵列合成距离像的影响分析

为了简化雷达系统硬件设计和降低成本,可以使用多个窄带成分来合成宽带信号,从而获得满足实际需要的合成距离像。针对合成宽带信号和雷达阵列的特点,详细分析了结合合成宽带信号及传统空域滤波器组情况下所合成距离像的失真原因,指出合成距离像的失真由形状变形和位置平移两部分组成,且这两种失真分别由各个空域滤波器输出幅度和相位的波动所引起。同时,推导出计算对应相位和幅度失真度的理论公式,并由此给出了当合成距离像存在可接受失真时阵列的临界条件。计算机数值仿真结果验证了以上结论。