Fault mode probability factor based fault-tolerant control for dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper presents a Fault Mode Probability Factor (FMPF) based Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for multiple faults of Dissimilar Redundant Actuation System (DRAS) composed of Hydraulic Actuator (HA) and Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA). The long-term service and severe working conditions can result in multiple gradual faults which can ultimately degrade the system performance, resulting in the system model drift into the fault state characterized with parameter uncertainty. The paper proposes to address this problem by using the historical statistics of the multiple gradual faults and the proposed FMPF to amend the system model with parameter uncertainty. To balance the system model precision and computation time, a Moving Window (MW) method is used to determine the applied historical statistics. The FMPF based FTC strategy is developed for the amended system model where the system estimation and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) are updated at the end of system sampling period. The simulations of DRAS system subjected to multiple faults have been performed and the results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

压电智能结构传感器/作动器位置优化研究

研究压电主动结构振动控制当中传感器／作动器的位置优化问题。从系统的状态空间方程出发，在系统可控性、可观性Grammian矩阵特征值的基础上来描述性能指标，以控制能量最小化和传感能量最大化作为优化目标，利用遗传算法（GE）进行优化计算，计算过程中对传感器／作动器的位置采用二进制编码加以描述。通过对一压电板结构的仿真计算对该方法进行了验证，优化计算结果与枚举法结果完全相符，从而证明了方法的有效性。     

采用共位配置的分布式压电敏感器和致动器的挠性结构振动控制

研究采用共位配置的分布式压电敏感器和致动器的挠性悬臂梁的振动控制问题，其中敏感器由压电聚乙二烯氟化物薄膜（PVDF）制成，致动器由压电陶瓷（PZT）或PVDF制成。本文首先建立系统的模型，设计了一种线性反馈控制方案，并应用无穷维空间的LaSalle不变原理，证明了相应闭环系统的渐近稳定性。     

智能结构及其控制系统集成优化设计

将智能结构的振动控制性能指标和集成结构的质量为目标函数，结构尺寸参数和控制系统的控制参数同时作为独立的设计变量，并施加约束条件，从而将智能结构及其控制系统集成优化设计问题转化为多目标数学规化问题，数值结果表明，利用本文方法设计出的智能结构及其控制系统，能极大地抑制系统的振动。     

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

Multi-level virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuation system for more electric aircraft

Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safety-critical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design. Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model’s structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use (or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness.     

基于H∞方法的控制系统作动器最优控制仿真研究

在设计控制系统模型时,首先引入了有限差分法(FDM)离散化后的波动方程,然后基于H∞最优控制原理,检查闭环控制系统的稳定性和可探测性,对控制系统传感器和作动器的位置进行优化配置.通过计算闭环反馈系统的范数,最终得到了控制系统的最优控制算法.仿真结果表明,利用波动方程来优化控制系统传感器和作动器位置的算法是可行的,可广泛应用于飞控系统的设计中.     

基于卫星和星敏感器的冗余激光惯组在轨标定

采用高精度卫星导航速度、位置信息以及星敏感器提供的姿态信息设计十表冗余捷联惯组的标定模型,包含陀螺和加速度计的零次项和标度因数,对卫星和星敏感器辅助的冗余激光陀螺捷联惯组进行实时在轨标定.利用标准Kalman滤波和Sage-Husa自适应滤波作为估计算法,对十表冗余捷联惯组参数进行在线估计.数值仿真结果表明:参数标定精度均在7％以内,是一种实时的在轨标定方法,满足误差补偿要求.冗余惯组在轨标定方法为航天器高精度定姿和定轨提供了一种理论参考.     

基于快速非奇异终端滑模的姿态控制技术

针对存在执行器故障与外部干扰的刚体飞行器姿态控制系统,提出一种基于快速非奇异终端滑模(NSFTSM)的姿态容错控制方法.控制方法不仅保证姿态机动过程的快速性,而且避免了传统的终端滑模面所带来的奇异性问题.采用二阶鲁棒精确微分器估计执行器故障与外部干扰,采用快速非奇异终端滑模技术设计姿态容错控制律,根据Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了方法的稳定性.稳定性分析表明,通过引入新型快速非奇异终端滑模,控制器使得闭环系统能够快速收敛到滑模面的微小邻域内,进而收敛到系统平衡点的微小邻域内,并且系统对外部干扰具有较强的鲁棒性.数值仿真结果验证了方法在姿态跟踪控制中的有效性.     

基于滑模变结构和扩张状态观测器的电动舵机复合控制方法

为提高电动舵机伺服系统的鲁棒性,同时解决实际工作中电动舵机不确定负载引起的跟踪精度低的问题,提出了一种采用指数趋近率的滑模变结构控制率结合扩张状态观测器对负载扰动进行实时估计的电动舵机的伺服控制方法,给出了控制器设计方法和试验验证。仿真和试验结果表明,与常规的滑模控制器相比,采用扩张状态观测器的变结构控制能有效提高电动舵机的跟踪性能。