Topology optimization in lightweight design of a 3D-printed flapping-wing micro aerial vehicle

Topology optimization is an effective method to obtain a lightweight structure that meets the requirements of structural strength. Whether the optimization results meet the actual needs mainly depends on the accuracy of the material properties and the boundary conditions, especially for a tiny Flapping-wing Micro Aerial Vehicle (FMAV) transmission system manufactured by 3D printing. In this paper, experimental and numerical computation efforts were undertaken to gain a reliable topology optimization method for the bottom of the transmission system. First, the constitutive behavior of the ultraviolet (UV) curable resin used in fabrication was evaluated. Second, a numerical computation model describing further verified via experiments. Topology optimization modeling considering nonlinear factors, e.g. contact, friction and collision, was presented, and the optimization results were verified by both dynamic simulation and experiments. Finally, detailed discussions on different load cases and constraints were presented to clarify their effect on the optimization. Our methods and results presented in this paper may shed light on the lightweight design of a FMAV.     

利用热源温度场迭加法诊断持续点热源的强度及位置

可重复使用运载器的防热瓦故障会使航天器的局部结构产牛热源，并在结构中形成温度场。应用热源温度场迭加法的解函数，解得结构温度历程，然后据此温度的变化率趋势判断出热源位置，在此基础上依据多点测最值构造出辨识参数用于热强度识别，通过对一薄壁结构模型算例的计算仿真，证明了本文所提方法的有效性。论文工作为进一步开展热源诊断技术研究，提供了可资工程实践应用的数值算法体系以及有益的数值计算结论。     

型号设计中的安全性设计分析

通过对“长征三号”运载火箭的一些安全性设计实例帕的分析来建立安全性设计的概念，论述安全性设计在型号设计中的重要作用和地位。分析认为，安全性设计应以总体、系统设计师为主，并从设计初期抓起。     

飞行器振动智能分析与诊断

本文通过综合多个领域知识，引进功能特征描述概念，运用证据理论，提出了对飞行器等复杂系统进行分析诊断的一个新方法并初步完成了专家系统原型，通过具体实例，再现了故障现象     

应答式目标旋转运动对雷达速度测量的影响

携带应答机的飞行目标,若除了沿其某一轨道运动外,还作自旋运动,应答机天线辐射相位空间分布的不均匀性会使应答机转发信号产生附加的相位调制,因而导致多卜勒测量雷达的测量误差。本文分析了对称安装三天线园柱形应答式目标回波的多卜勒频率调制。得出了附加多卜勒频率及其各阶导数的解析式。研究了目标旋转速度、方向角(目标旋转轴线与雷达视线的夹角)和回波谱线宽度的关系,以及对雷达多卜勒测量精度的影响,它对于研究自旋再入体测量问题具有实用价值。文章给出了一个典型的三天线园锥目标模拟旋转试验结果。试验中在不同目标转速下由相参雷达跟踪测量目标回波,同时记录中频信号、多卜勒跟踪回路鉴频器输出等有用信息。对试验数据的分析得出了明确的结论:目标旋转使回波信号的谱线展宽、测速误差增大,谱线宽度与目标转速成正比,同时谱线宽度随目标方向角增大而加宽,方向角为90°时旋转影响最大。理论分析得出了与试验相同的结果。虽然试验是在静态下进行的,但问题的分析对质心运动的目标也同样适用。     

导弹发射车主机发电时带外供电的方法

对某型导弹发射车主机发电的供电体制进行了简要分析 ,提出了增加外供电体制的措施和方法。外供电方案的实施 ,不仅为部队的平时训练提供了方便 ,而且为提高导弹发射车的可靠性和生存力提供了必要条件 ,增强了整个武器系统的战斗力。     

Future spacelift projections

In 1996 the NASA Advisory Council asked for a comprehensive look at future launch projections out to the year 2030 and beyond. In response to this request NASA sponsored a study at The Aerospace Corporation to develop long-range space transportation models for future commercial and government applications, and to analyze the design considerations and desired characteristics for future space transportation systems. Follow-ons to present space missions as well as a wide array of potential new space applications are considered in the study. This paper summarizes the space transportation system characteristics required to enable various classes of future missions. High reliability and the ability to achieve high flight rates per vehicle are shown to be key attributes for achieving more economical launch systems. Technical, economic and policy implications are also discussed.     

飞行器姿态系统变结构控制的研究

对于具有纯延迟、惯性和由开关控制的非线性飞行器姿态系统，本文提出了采用解耦变结构控制的方法。计算机仿真结果表明，本方法行之有效，具有优良的鲁棒性，设计方法简单和易于实现数字控制等优点     

乌克兰的航天工业

乌克兰在运载火箭总体和控制系统方面的研制经验是比较丰富的。乌克兰虽已制定了自己的航天工业发展计划,但近几年内还形不成较完整的体系,需要依靠与俄罗斯的合作。简要介绍“天顶号”和“旋风号”运载火箭的研制情况。     

返回舱和着陆系统设计的新理念

文章描述了美俄合作提出的一种低成本和低风险的载人返回舱概念。方案采用已有的硬件和技术，由美国负责电子设备和软件，充分利用俄罗斯在返回舱方面的技术和低成本。提出的这种返回舱概念是把联盟-TN按比例增大到可以容纳8位乘员，而且着陆系统增加了气囊，对伤病航天员的着陆具有更好的缓冲作用。