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排序方式: 共有531条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mats Holmström 《Space Science Reviews》2006,126(1-4):435-445
Observations and simulations show that Mars' atmosphere has large seasonal variations. Total atmospheric density can have
an order of magnitude latitudinal variation at exobase heights. By numerical simulations we show that these latitude variations
in exobase parameters induce asymmetries in the hydrogen exosphere that propagate to large distances from the planet. We show
that these asymmetries in the exosphere produce asymmetries in the fluxes of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) and soft X-rays
produced by charge exchange between the solar wind and exospheric hydrogen. This could be an explanation for asymmetries that
have been observed in ENA and X-ray fluxes at Mars. 相似文献
2.
Steven D. Howe 《Space Policy》2001,17(4):275-283
The potential benefits to humankind of space exploration are tremendous. Space is not only the final frontier but is also the next marketplace. The orbital space above Earth offers tremendous opportunities for both strategic assets and commercial development. The critical obstacle retarding the use of the space around the Earth is the lack of low cost access to orbit. Further out, the next giant leap for mankind will be the human exploration of Mars. Almost certainly within the next 30 years, a human crew will brave the isolation, the radiation, and the lack of gravity to walk on and explore the Red planet. Both of these missions will change the outlook and perspective of every human being on the planet. However, these missions are expensive and extremely difficult. Chemical propulsion has demonstrated an inability to achieve orbit cheaply and is a very high-risk option to accomplish the Mars mission. An alternative solution is to develop a high performance propulsion system. Nuclear propulsion has the potential to be such a system. The question will be whether humanity is willing to take on the challenge. 相似文献
3.
Several automated optical telescopes have been setup at appropriate longitudes around the globe to study earthshine variations
and asteroseismology. The first telescope has been setup at Teide Observatory, Tenerife, Spain in October 2004. The intensity
of earthshine relates to the average of Earth’s albedo, and in turn relates to the global temperature of the Earth. A global
network is necessary because each site can measure the earthshine reflected from only a part of the Earth. The network will
also be used for asteroseismology study. It can measure photometric variations of pulsating stars. The long-term and continuous
measurements allow the accurate determination of mode frequencies of stellar pulsations, which provides information on the
properties of stellar interior. 相似文献
4.
文章主要介绍了美国火星探测用降落伞研制过程以及在研制过程中的一些主要试验,并同时指出了试验中的一些特点。 相似文献
5.
L. J. Gray S. A. Crooks M. A. Palmer C. L. Pascoe S. Sparrow 《Space Science Reviews》2006,125(1-4):357-370
Observational evidence of the 11-year solar cycle (SC) modulation of stratosphere temperatures and winds from the ERA-40 dataset
is reviewed, with emphasis on the Northern winter hemisphere. A frequency modulation of sudden warming events is noted, with
warmings occurring earlier in solar minimum periods than in solar maximum periods. The observed interaction between the influence
of the SC and the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the frequency of sudden warmings is noted as a possible clue for understanding
their mechanism of influence. A possible transfer route for the 11-year solar cycle from the equatorial stratopause region
to the lowest part of the stratosphere is proposed, via an influence on sudden warming events and the associated induced meridional
circulation. SC and QBO composites of zonal wind anomalies show anomalous wind distributions in the subtropical upper stratosphere
in early winter. Mechanistic model experiments are reviewed that demonstrate a sensitivity of sudden warmings to small wind
anomalies in this region. Various diagnostics from these experiments are shown, including EP fluxes and their divergence and
also the synoptic evolution of the polar vortex, in order to understand the mechanism of the influence. Some recent GCM experiments
to investigate the SC/QBO interaction are also described. They simulate reasonably well the observed SC/QBO interaction of
sudden warming events and appear to support the hypothesis that tropical/subtropical upper stratospheric wind anomalies are
an important influence on the timing of sudden warmings. 相似文献
6.
Y. Futaana S. Barabash A. Grigoriev D. Winningham R. Frahm M. Yamauchi R. Lundin 《Space Science Reviews》2006,126(1-4):315-332
As a part of the global plasma environment study of Mars and its response to the solar wind, we have analyzed a peculiar case
of the subsolar energetic neutral atom (ENA) jet observed on June 7, 2004 by the Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) on board
the Mars Express satellite. The “subsolar ENA jet” is generated by the interaction between the solar wind and the Martian
exosphere, and is one of the most intense sources of ENA flux observed in the vicinity of Mars. On June 7, 2004 (orbit 485
of Mars Express), the NPD observed a very intense subsolar ENA jet, which then abruptly decreased within ∼10 sec followed
by quasi-periodic (∼1 min) flux variations. Simultaneously, the plasma sensors detected a solar wind structure, which was
most likely an interplanetary shock surface. The abrupt decrease of the ENA flux and the quasi-periodic flux variations can
be understood in the framework of the global response of the Martian plasma obstacle to the interplanetary shock. The generation
region of the subsolar ENA jet was pushed towards the planet by the interplanetary shock; and therefore, Mars Express went
out of the ENA jet region. Associated global vibrations of the Martian plasma obstacle may have been the cause of the quasi-periodic
flux variations of the ENA flux at the spacecraft location. 相似文献
7.
8.
张爱国 《沈阳航空工业学院学报》2007,24(4):89-90,94
控制汽车尾气量的增加,是减少汽车废气污染改善人类生活环境的重要措施。汽车尾气分析仪主要是通过检测汽车尾气中不同气体的含量,以达到合理控制的目的。在对气体浓度的检测中,大气压力的影响不能忽视。本文围绕这个问题,详细讨论了大气压力影响的补偿方法。 相似文献
9.
非标准大气条件下航空发动机地面起动性能 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
为了得到非标准大气条件对航空发动机地面起动性能的影响,对非标准大气条件下空气涡轮起动机输出功率特性、标准大气条件下理想起动过程的影响因素进行了分析.研究了非标准大气条件对航空发动机地面起动性能影响,分析了大气温度对起动点火时间、起动时间、起动过程排气温度的影响.应用均匀加速原理,对某型涡扇发动机起动时间进行估算.基于地面台架起动试验条件,对试验数据统计分析:大气温度增加或降低,将增加起动点火及脱开时间.对大气温度在293.15K以上的开车次的平均起动时间与293.15K以下的平均起动时间进行对比,热天起动时间比冷天要短约3s,试验结果符合理论分析. 相似文献
10.
大气紊流环境下的纵向飞行参数响应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了大气紊流环境下飞机纵向飞行参数的计算与匹配方法.由于紊流的随机性特征,飞行参数响应分析采用时域与频域相结合的方式,对某型飞机紊流环境下的纵向飞行参数进行了计算分析.采用所介绍的方法,可以获得比较合理的飞行情况来指导型号设计工作. 相似文献