Initial nighttime ionospheric observations with advanced ionospheric probe onboard FORMOSAT-5

FORMOSAT-5 satellite was launched into a sun-synchronous orbit at 720 km altitude with 98.28° inclination on 25 August 2017. The onboard scientific payload, Advanced Ionospheric Probe (AIP) is capable of measuring topside ionospheric ion density, cross-track flow velocities, ion composition and temperature, and electron temperature. Initial observations of nighttime midlatitude ionospheric density and vertical flow velocity variations at 2230 LT sector during a few quiet magnetic days in December 2017 are studied here. Longitudinal density variations in the equatorward edge of midlatitude ionospheric trough (MIT) region are noticed. Accompanied with this density variation, the vertical flow velocities also behave differently. Although the density difference has been stated due to zonal wind effect related to the declination of the geomagnetic field lines, the vertical flow velocity variation seems to play the opposite role. All these density and vertical flow observations in the northern winter hemisphere can only be explained by the longitudinal differences in the diffusion velocity coming down from the protonsphere (plasmasphere). In addition, the hemispheric asymmetry in the vertical flow velocity can also be explained by the interaction between the topside ionosphere and the protonsphere. The observed vertical flow variations near MIT at different longitudes should present a new potential tool for the study of MIT formation.     

High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

工业CT检测技术在5 kN发动机研制中的应用

针对5 kN发动机结构焊缝和复合材料喷管不可检不可测的难题,开展了工业CT检测技术研究。分析了复杂结构焊缝和复合材料喷管的常规方法检测难点,利用工业CT检测技术穿透能力强、不受工件复杂结构影响的优势,对5 kN发动机产品中的电子束焊缝、氩弧焊焊缝、复合材料喷管等结构进行了检测试验,得到了良好的检测效果。结果表明,工业CT检测技术可以识别5 kN发动机产品中的气孔、未焊透、分层、裂纹等缺陷,并实现对缺陷的定位与测量,可为焊缝质量评估提供依据。     

铝合金剪切旋压残余应力分布规律

研究了剪切旋压加热温度、进给率和半锥角对残余应力分布的影响规律.试验结果表明:旋压进给比增大,残余压应力减小;适宜的旋压变形温度范围有利于降低工件表面残余应力;半锥角对工件表面残余应力的影响不显著,5A06铝合金旋压适宜采用30°～45°的半锥角.     

飞机座舱内饰视觉仿真方法研究

讨论了飞机座舱内饰视觉仿真的研究内容及方法,建立了飞机内饰视觉仿真方法框架模型。以CATIA为平台,依据GJB、HB等有关标准建立了飞机座舱模型,并根据视线追踪算法利用SPEOS CAA V5的LM模块对驾驶员的视线进行追踪仿真,在飞机设计阶段针对座舱眩光问题开展了虚拟分析并提出了解决方案。     

6156-T4铝合金焊接加筋薄壁结构剩余强度评估的CTOD方法

为保证飞机设计满足损伤容限性能要求,有必要对其进行剩余强度评估。针对6156-T4铝合金焊接连接薄壁结构进行了R曲线和剩余强度试验,判断了裂纹扩展经过筋条时的裂纹扩展路径,测量了母板和筋条两个方向的裂纹扩展速率,并采用不同的断裂准则和分析方法对单及双跨度多个初始裂纹长度焊接加筋薄板的剩余强度进行了预测。结果表明:裂纹扩展在经过筋条时,同时沿着母板和筋条继续扩展,筋条上的裂纹扩展方向垂直于母板且两个方向的裂纹扩展速率基本相同;采用净截面屈服准则进行剩余强度预测时会低估这种韧性较好的焊接连接薄壁结构的剩余强度;基于SINTAP-FITNET评价体系,以裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD-δ5)作为裂纹尖端弹塑性表征参量进行剩余强度预测时,预测结果比采用K曲线预测方法精度高。     

Nb/Nb5Si3微叠层材料及其制备技术

Nb/Nb5Si3合金是未来最具潜力的超高温结构材料,实现该材料的结构微叠层化是一种新颖的材料设计思路和制备方法.Nb/Nb5Si3微叠层材料是将Nb和Nb5Si3按一定的层间距及层厚比以ABABAB型交互重叠结构形成的多层材料,其几种典型的制备技术包括热压、等离子喷涂、磁控溅射和电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD).其中EB-PVD是一种最适合工程应用的Nb/Nb5Si3微叠层材料制备方法,结构和功能复合、纳米化叠层、高韧化工艺是EB-PVD技术制备Nb/Nb5Si3微叠层材料的发展方向.     

长杆弹侵彻新型复合装甲数值仿真及研究

应用有限元计算程序AUTODYN模拟了由爆炸反应装甲和陶瓷复合装甲组成的新型复合装甲在长杆弹斜侵彻作用下的侵彻过程。根据长杆弹与爆炸反应装甲和陶瓷复合装甲的作用现象,研究了长杆弹对新型复合装甲的侵彻机理以及两者在各时刻的作用规律。所得结论对进行其他复合装甲抗长杆弹侵彻的研究具有一定的参考价值。     

超声波铣床基于CATIA V5复合材料蜂窝件数控编程方法研究

本文针对超声五坐标数控加工设备的蜂窝数控加工方法及后处理特性进行分析,开展了在CATIAV5软件中相应编程方法和体系研究,开发了满足该设备数控编程需要的基于CATIAV5的资源库,制定了相应的编程方法规范。     

基于Red5和Flex的地面运行控制系统设计

根据南航北京分公司的地面生产情况,提出了一套完善的地面生产监控系统设计方案。地面生产监控系统主要用于监控飞机预落及在机坪上的生产活动,并采用事件机制协调SOC、CGS、货运及飞机维修厂的生产工作。该系统将对运行指挥部的地面航班监控提供强力支持,对保障航班正常性及延误原因调查具有重要意义。提出以网络在线游戏的设计理念和架构处理企业生产问题,从而满足一线运行单位对信息系统即时性、易用性和易部署性的强烈需求。