CCAR 25.113条款解析及审查要点研究

CCAR 25.113是民用运输机起飞距离和起飞滑跑距离的适航条款.起飞距离和起飞滑跑距离是反映民用运输机起飞性能的关键因素,其合理制定是保障飞机起飞安全的重要环节.通过开展CCAR 25.113起飞距离和起飞滑跑距离适航条款的研究,本文梳理了条款的发展历程,解析了条款的技术要求和安全意图,提出了民用运输机起飞距离和起...     

中纬电离层暴负相开始时间与磁暴主相开始时间的对应关系

本文假设在磁暴主相期间,由于极光椭圆带处的空气被加热上升,从而使高纬高空出现富含分子的气体。这些气体由于扩散及与中性风的相互作用会向中低纬移动,其所到之处电子消失系数增加,从而导致负相电离层暴的发生。计算给出了全球中纬电离层暴负相的开始时间与磁暴主相开始时间之间的关系,并讨论了负相电离层暴发生的"时间禁区"问题。结果与有关统计结果符合得很好。      

双级径向旋流器对燃烧性能的影响

为保证航空发动机燃烧室具有良好的气动雾化性能并实现稳定、高效地燃烧,设计6种带有旋向相反的双级径向旋流器方案的单头部燃烧室,通过双级径向旋流器设计参数对燃烧性能影响的数值计算,得到不同主、副旋流器旋流数对燃烧室性能的影响规律,并进行试验验证。结果表明:数值计算与试验结果基本吻合。双级径向旋流燃烧室的燃烧效率超过99.9%,双级径向旋流器存在最佳的匹配方案,该方案使得燃烧室形成合适的回流区,并得到均匀的出口温度场。     

Design and analysis of a hypersonic inlet with an integrated bump/forebody

Numerical simulations and experiments showed that bump inlet had a remarkable effect on boundary layer diversion of supersonic flow.However, the design and analysis of bump in hypersonic flow was still few.In this paper, the mechanism of a supersonic bump inlet is introduced to the design of hypersonic forebody.A hypersonic inlet with an integrated bump/forebody is obtained by the Method Of Characteristics(MOC) based on a chin inlet.Numerical simulations show that the modified inlet achieves diversion of low-speed flow.Besides, the integrated bump/-forebody is also beneficial to inlet start.During the starting process, the shape of the separation zone is rebuilt by the modified forebody surface which makes spillage much easier.This new design leads to a reduction of the self-start Mach number by 0.95.     

第36届COSPAR会议空间碎片专题综述

第36届世界空间科学大会（COSPAR）下设空间碎片专题交流分会。为便于了解当前国际上空间碎片研究的动向,文章首先介绍了该专题会议的概况,然后将会议交流的26篇文章分为空间碎片观测与预警、空间碎片探测与数据库、空间碎片防护、空间碎片减缓4个部分进行了简要总结和综述。     

航天国际合作项目的特点和管理模式

随着经济全球化趋势的不断加强,航天方面的国际承包项目、国际合作必然会越来越多,提高我国航天国际合作项目的管理水平迫在眉睫。文章整合了国际上常见的一些工程项目管理模式,从融资和建设角度出发,对这些模式的特点、实施方式作出了详细分析,尤其对各种模式在应用中存在的优势及特点以及适用范围进行了研究,对于发展适合中国航天领域的国际合作项目管理模式提供了参考。     

Comparative study of the influence of natural convection on directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si alloys

We present numerical simulations of thermosolutal convection for directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si. Numerical results predict that fragmentation of dendrite arms resulting from dissolution could be favored in Al–7 wt% Si, but not in Al–3.5 wt% Ni. Corresponding experiments are in qualitative agreement with the numerical predictions. Distinguishing the two fragmentation mechanisms, namely dissolution and remelting, is critical during experiments on earth, when fluid flow is dominant.     

空间环境效应评价与防护技术研究现状与发展设想

文章从建立我国自主的空间环境保障体系出发,指出开展我国空间环境效应评价与防护技术研究的重要性。基于我国在此领域的现状,提出未来发展的设想,包括建立航天器材料空间环境效应评价技术方法体系,研究航天器材料空间环境效应模拟的新技术、新方法,发展航天器材料空间环境效应仿真分析技术,以及航天器材料空间环境效应在轨监测及试验验证技术等。     

中国载人航天技术的历史性跨越

论述了发展载人航天工程对于增强综合国力和民族凝聚力、充分利用空间环境资源、明显降低空间飞行器的成本和风险、促进科技进步和高技术产业发展的重要意义;还论述了飞船研制返回再入升力控制技术、环境控制与生命保障技术、仪表与照明技术、人工运动控制技术、着陆缓冲技术、应急救生技术、回收着陆技术、再入防热技术取得的重大科技创新成果。     

Novel method for reconstruction of hyperspectral resolution images from multispectral data for complex coastal and inland waters

Hyperspectral resolution image products of a synthetic sensor featuring the high spatial resolution of the space-borne sensor can offer cost-effective means for enhancing our current capabilities in terms of providing an array of images in lieu of designing an expensive system for image acquisition, which can serve the expanding needs of the scientific and user communities for various critical water color applications. Despite several studies on enhancing the capability of land remote sensing sensors, full spectrum reconstruction of water color images with varying spectral bands is hampered by the lack of methods and accurate atmospheric correction procedures. In the present work, a novel method is developed for reconstruction of hyperspectral resolution images from high spatial-resolution Sentinel 2 Multispectral Instrument (MSI) data representative of many complex waters in coastal and inland zones. This method uses a deep neural network (DNN) with multiple blocks of deconvolution and dense layers. The spectral reconstruction of hyperspectral resolution images from multispectral data was based on rigorous training data from the atmospherically-corrected and validated HICO normalized water-leaving radiance products (with spectral resolution 438-868 nm sampled at 5.7 nm) of diverse water types. The generalizability and versatility of the DNN method was tested and evaluated systematically by means of various qualitative and quantitative analyses using concurrent space-borne (MSI and HICO) and in-situ measurements from different regional waters. Reconstructed hyperspectral resolution radiances obtained from the MSI images closely matched with independent HICO and MSI measurements within the desired accuracy. Successful reconstruction and validation of the hyperspectral radiances indicate that the proposed state-of-the-art method provides possible future directions for enhancing our current capabilities of space-borne sensors for various research purposes and societal applications at local, regional and global scales.