Aerodynamic performance of hovering micro revolving wings in ground and ceiling effects at low Reynolds number

Numerous investigations have been conducted to understand the wall effects on rotors. The purpose of this study is to further investigate the aerodynamic performance of revolving wings, especially when it is very close to the ground and ceiling (i.e., less than half the wingspan) at low Reynolds numbers. Hence, the ground and ceiling effect for hovering micro revolving wings at low Reynolds numbers are investigated by improving the theoretical models. The theoretical model for the ground effect is established based on the wall-jet assumption, and that for the ceiling effect is improved by considering the uneven spanwise distribution of induced velocity. These two models are validated by comparing the results of experiments and CFD simulations with the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM). Both ground and ceiling effects are found helpful to enhance the thrust, especially with small wing-wall distances, by making a difference to the induced velocity and the pressure distribution. By comparing the thrust generation and aerodynamic efficiency between the ground and ceiling effects, the former is found more helpful to the thrust augmentation, and the latter is more beneficial for the aerodynamic efficiency promotion.     

复合式高速直升机旋翼下洗流对机翼的气动影响分析

对复合式高速直升机的旋翼两侧不同强度下洗流对机翼的气动干扰分析,可以为类似构型直升机的气动外形设计及优化提供一定的参考。采用动量源方法对复合式高速直升机悬停及前飞状态的流场进行数值模拟,分析旋翼两侧不同强度的下洗流对机翼的气动影响,研究改变旋翼桨盘高度和机翼展弦比对气动特性的影响。结果表明：复合式高速直升机前飞时,随着旋翼桨盘的增高,两侧机翼升力差峰值减小,且峰值落在更小速度处;随着机翼展弦比的增大,两侧机翼升力差峰值减小,且在峰值后同一速度下,机翼越细长两侧升力差越小。     

深海载人平台舵翼结构疲劳可靠性分析

对深海载人平台舵翼结构疲劳可靠性问题进行了研究,分析了舵翼结构的主要疲劳载荷和结构热点,提出了舵翼结构疲劳可靠性定量指标。以升降舵结构为例,建立了舵结构疲劳可靠性分析模型,给出模型中各参数的建议取值,并进行疲劳可靠性系数与疲劳寿命计算,计算表明:深海载人平台升降舵结构疲劳破坏几乎全部由水面砰击载荷导致,且采用 1.5倍强度安全系数进行设计不能满足长期服役的疲劳可靠性要求。最后,研究给出满足疲劳可靠性要求的安全系数与寿命的关系曲线,可供设计人员参考。     

导弹翼面结构一次二阶矩法可靠性设计研究

给出了导弹翼面结构可靠性预测与可靠性设计的随机有限元一次二阶矩法的运算公式；提出了翼面壁板厚度与加强肋宽度作可靠性设计的思路；编制了用于微机的计算程序。试验证明：本文的方法适用于常用导弹翼面结构的可靠性预测与可靠性设计     

Transonic wing stall of a blended flying wing common research model based on DDES method

Numerical simulation of wing stall of a blended flying wing configuration at transonic speed was conducted using both delayed detached eddy simulation(DDES) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS) equations methods based on the shear stress transport(SST) turbulence model for a free-stream Mach number 0.9 and a Reynolds number 9.6 × 10~6. A joint time step/grid density study is performed based on power spectrum density(PSD) analysis of the frequency content of forces or moments, and medium mesh and the normalized time scale0.010 were suggested for this simulation. The simulation results show that the DDES methods perform more precisely than the URANS method and the aerodynamic coefficient results from DDES method compare very well with the experiment data. The angle of attack of nonlinear vortex lift and abrupt wing stall of DDES results compare well with the experimental data. The flow structure of the DDES computation shows that the wing stall is caused mainly by the leeward vortex breakdown which occurred at x/x_(cr)= 0.6 at angle of attack of 14°. The DDES methods show advantage in the simulation problem with separation flow. The computed result shows that a shock/vortex interaction is responsible for the wing stall caused by the vortex breakdown. The balance of the vortex strength and axial flow, and the shock strength, is examined to provide an explanation of the sensitivity of the breakdown location. Wing body thickness has a great influence on shock and shock/vortex interactions, which can make a significant difference to the vortex breakdown behavior and stall characteristic of the blended flying wing configuration.     

Dynamic characteristics analysis and flight control design for oblique wing aircraft

The movement characteristics and control response of oblique wing aircraft (OWA) are highly coupled between the longitudinal and lateral-directional axes and present obvious nonlinear-ity. Only with the implementation of flight control systems can flying qualities be satisfied. This arti-cle investigates the dynamic modeling of an OWA and analyzes its dynamic characteristics. Furthermore, a flight control law based on model-reference dynamic inversion is designed and ver-ified. Calculations and simulations show that OWA can be trimmed by rolling a bank angle and deflecting the triaxial control surfaces in a coordinated way. The oblique wing greatly affects lon-gitudinal motion. The short-period mode is highly coupled between longitudinal and lateral motion, and the bank angle also occurs in phugoid mode. However, the effects of an oblique wing on lateral mode shape are relatively small. For inherent control characteristics, symmetric deflection of the horizontal tail will generate not only longitudinal motion but also a large rolling rate. Rolling moment and pitching moment caused by aileron deflection will reinforce motion coupling, but rud-der deflection has relatively little effect on longitudinal motion. Closed-loop simulations demon-strate that the flight control law can achieve decoupling control for OWA and guarantee a satisfactory dynamic performance.     

小型折叠翼多用途无人机折叠方案及其展开机构设计

随着现代战争模式的发展,小型折叠翼多用途无人机成为研究热点。在对折叠翼气动布局方案进行分析的基础上提出了一种Z字型气动布局的折叠方案,并且设计了一种可以自锁的滑块摆杆机构作为展开机构,得到了一种折叠翼多用途无人机机械系统结构。对采用Z字型气动布局的折叠翼无人机模型进行了多次试飞,发现该模型具有良好的便携性,展开机构运行可靠,Z字型气动布局飞行平稳、操控性好。     

前掠翼气动布局中鸭翼高度影响的实验

基于前掠翼-鸭式前翼布局的风洞测力实验,分析了距离主机翼较远的鸭翼相对于主机翼的高度对布局纵向气动性能的影响.基于主机翼根弦长的雷诺数约为1.44×10⁵.实验结果表明,较大的主机翼前掠角与较低的鸭翼配合,产生的升力系数增量比较显著.低于主机翼的鸭翼将加强前掠翼布局的缓失速特性.鸭翼增大升力的同时也增大了阻力;大攻角时,鸭翼带来的阻力增量较大.高于主机翼的鸭翼对最大升阻比的改善较多,但也不宜过高.主机翼前掠角较小时,鸭翼改善和提高升阻比的效果比较明显.     

双三角翼外翼前缘钝度对气动特性的影响

笔者对75°/60°双三角翼模型进行了水洞流态观测实验、低速风洞测压实验、空间流场测量实验,研究了双三角翼外翼前缘钝度对气动特性影响,包括对涡态的影响。这里发表的是第一期实验的初步结果。结果表明,外翼前缘钝化使内翼涡涡核推迟破裂,外翼前缘钝化主要影响双三角翼前缘折点后的后半翼上表面的C_p分布,特别是在涡发生破裂后,其影响较大。     

超声速和高超声速机翼俯仰导数—当地流活塞理论解法

本文给出计算超声速和高超声速尖前缘三维机翼俯仰导数的一个近似解析方法。该方法是根据当地流活塞理论和片条理论导得的。在激波附着于机翼前缘情况下,本方法可用于计算任意迎角,颇为一般的平面形状、尖前缘剖面机翼的俯仰导数。中小平均迎角的数值结果与有限的试验数据和其它理论作了比较,示例表明本方法的结果令人满意。