双三角翼俯仰振荡运动的流场特性数值模拟

 建立了适用于双三角翼大迎角非定常分离流场模拟的数值方法,研究双三角翼俯仰振荡时的动态流场特性,给出动态流场结构和气动力性能随迎角的变化规律,重点考察了减缩频率、转轴位置、平均迎角和振幅等参数对动态流场迟滞效应和气动力曲线迟滞环的影响。研究结果表明:俯仰振荡到相同大迎角时上仰和下俯的流场存在明显差异;减缩频率对气动力迟滞效应的影响相对大于转轴位置;平均迎角的变化导致双三角翼背风区流场结构呈现不同流态,而振幅的大小决定这些流态的数目,事实上俯仰运动时如果跨越的流态数目越多则流场结构的动态响应滞后现象就越显著。通过数值分析,有利于提高对双三角翼在俯仰振荡运动条件下的非定常特性和流场滞后效应等非线性现象的认识。     

太阳翼展开过程中锁定冲击载荷研究（英文）

针对一类典型太阳翼,采用NASTRAN和ADAMS软件建立了太阳翼展开锁定通用分析模型;提出了一种改进的铰链建模方法,能够考虑铰链的所有重要刚度系数;最后,研究了有限元模型导入柔性多体模型的模态数、计算步长、铰链刚度和模态阻尼等参数变化对锁定冲击载荷的影响。通过分析可知,计算时需选取足够多的模态数及足够小的计算步长,还要采用较小模态阻尼,以得到冲击载荷的保守设计值。此外,地面试验得到多组刚度测试结果时,应选取最大刚度试验值,以得到保守结果。研究表明,文章采用的太阳翼展开锁定模型能够得到更准确的冲击载荷结果,并易于实施。     

Aerodynamic design of tractor propeller for high-performance distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.     

飞翼布局飞行器等离子体激励滚转操控试验

飞翼布局飞行器采用多个气动舵面共同作用来控制飞行,常规气动舵面的结构复杂,在大迎角时由于流动分离,舵面操纵效率显著降低。等离子体激励器具有结构简单、重量轻和响应快等优势,常被用在流动控制上。本文利用激励器抑制单侧翼面流动分离产生不对称的气动力,对飞翼布局飞行器滚转通道的控制进行了试验研究,得出了激励器在飞行器上的最优布置位置和最佳控制参数,并和常规副翼舵面滚转操控效果进行了对比。结果表明:布置于内翼、中翼前缘的等离子体激励器能够获得最佳的滚转控制效果;激励器调制频率对飞行器滚转控制效果的影响较大,而激励电压对滚转控制效果的影响较小;与常规副翼相比,等离子体激励器在大迎角时对滚转通道的操控效果优于副翼。     

基于等效梁模型的长直机翼动力学与颤振分析

针对多自由度的复杂结构,建立简化的等效结构模型,可以快速、有效地进行结构分析.采用能量等效的方法,将多自由度、结构复杂的长直结构等效为空间梁,推导得出等效梁的刚度值和惯量值,利用有限元法得到总体刚度阵和质量阵.针对某机翼模型,得出了等效梁的刚度值和惯量值,进行了振动和颤振特性分析,并分别与有限元软件的计算结果作了对比.结果表明:该等效建模法大大降低了结构自由度,振动及颤振分析误差较小,而且其主要参数值方便修改,因此该方法可用于飞行器的初级设计或结构优化设计.     

飞行控制律对体自由度颤振特性影响试验

飞翼飞机易发生刚体短周期模态与机翼低阶弯曲模态耦合所致的体自由度颤振。飞行控制系统对飞机的短周期模态特性影响很大,因此考虑飞行控制系统的闭环体自由度颤振特性值得进一步研究。针对自主设计的颤振模型开发了相应的俯仰姿态保持控制律,综合运用风洞试验和仿真计算开展了相关研究,获得了不同刚体自由边界条件下的开环/闭环体自由度颤振特性,研究了闭环增益对体自由度颤振特性的影响规律,简要分析了影响机理。试验和仿真计算结果共同表明：俯仰姿态保持控制律明显地改变了俯仰模态阻尼的原有走势,闭环后的体自由度颤振特性变化明显。以开环颤振速度为基准,采用较小的比例回路增益K_P或较大的微分回路增益K_D,飞行控制律能增加飞行器俯仰阻尼,提高体自由度颤振速度,反之飞行控制律将导致颤振速度降低。就本文控制律而言,当K_P<0.07或K_D>0.2时俯仰姿态保持控制律能起到抑制体自由度颤振的作用。     

基于CFD的变后掠翼单速度最优后掠角预测模型

为延长飞行器续航时间,探索变后掠翼飞行器控制规律,根据新型变后掠翼飞行器模型,探究了通过飞行器速度及迎角来控制弹翼后掠角度,以达到最优气动性能,从而使该飞行器获得更长续航力.选取飞行马赫数为0.4～0.8、前缘后掠角度为15°～45°内的39个关键点,在迎角为0°～14°范围内进行CFD仿真,将仿真结果在不同数学模型下...     

Computational aerodynamic analysis on perimeter reinforced （PR）-compliant wing

Abstract Implementing the morphing technique on a micro air vehicle （MAV） wing is a very chal- lenging task, due to the MAWs wing size limitation and the complex morphing mechanism. As a result, understanding aerodynamic characteristics and flow configurations, subject to wing structure deformation of a morphing wing MAV has remained obstructed. Thus, this paper presents the investigation of structural deformation, aerodynamics performance and flow formation on a pro- posed twist morphing MAV wing design named perimeter reinforced （PR）-compliant wing. The numerical simulation of two-way fluid structure interaction （FSI） investigation consist of a quasi- static aeroelastic structural analysis coupled with 3D incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier- Stokes and shear-stress-transport （RANS-SST） solver utilized throughout this study. Verification of numerical method on a rigid rectangular wing achieves a good correlation with available exper- imental results. A comparative aeroelastic study between PR-compliant to PR and rigid wing per- formance is organized to elucidate the morphing wing performances. Structural deformation results show that PR-compliant wing is able to alter the wing＇s geometric twist characteristic, which has directly influenced both the overall aerodynamic performance and flow structure behavior. Despite the superior lift performance result, PR-compliant wing also suffers from massive drag penalty, which has consequently affected the wing efficiency in general. Based on vortices investigation, the results reveal the connection between these aerodynamic performances with vortices formation on PR-comoliant wing.     

非圆形截面复合材料机身屈曲优化设计研究

为了降低BWB机身弯曲应力、提高屈曲稳定性,在150座BWB民机复合材料三舱室机身结构的基础上,提出了改进的Y形和弧形加强三舱室机身设计模型;利用零阶参数优化算法,对3种机身结构进行了静力与线性屈曲优化分析,获得了较为合理的三舱室机身布局方案,为BWB民机机身设计提供了重要技术参考.     

多操纵面飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断方法

舵面故障会影响飞机的操纵性,为实现飞机的控制重构需在线诊断出舵面的故障信息.针对多操纵面飞翼构型飞机,提出了一种在线诊断其舵面故障的方法.飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断需辨识的操纵导数个数较多,直接使用最小二乘法难以精确辨识得到各操纵导数.基于限定记忆最小二乘法,采用分组辨识法对飞机的操纵导数进行辨识,减少了每次辨识操纵...