氧-乙炔烧蚀试验中热流密度的计算

通过氧-乙炔烧蚀试验中改变氧气与乙炔气流量比值的一系列试验,研究了热流密度随其变化的规律,并利用一元线性回归方法,分区间拟合得到了热流密度与两种气体流量比值的数学关系式,经检验该关系式适用性较好,为防热复合材料在氧-乙炔烧蚀试验中热流密度的变化提供了可靠的计算依据.     

A topside investigation over a mid-latitude digisonde station in Cyprus

We examine the systematic differences between topside electron density measurements recorded by different techniques over the low-middle latitude operating European station in Nicosia, Cyprus (geographical coordinates: 35.14^oN, 33.2^oE), (magnetic coordinates 31.86^oN, 111.83 ^oE). These techniques include space-based in-situ data by Langmuir probes on board.European Space Agency (ESA) Swarm satellites, radio occultation measurements on board low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission and ground-based extrapolated topside electron density profiles from manually scaled ionograms. The measurements are also compared with International Reference Ionosphere Model (IRI-2016) topside estimations and IRI-corrected NeQuick topside formulation (method proposed by Pezzopane and Pignalberi (2019)). The comparison of Swarm and COSMIC observations with digisonde and IRI estimations verifies that in the majority of cases digisonde underestimates while IRI overestimates Swarm observations but in general, IRI provides a better topside representation than the digisonde. For COSMIC and digisonde profiles matched at the F layer peak the digisonde systematically underestimates topside COSMIC electron density values and the relative difference between COSMIC and digisonde increases with altitude (above hmF2), while IRI overestimates the topside COSMIC electron density but after a certain altitude (~150 km above hmF2) this overestimation starts to decrease with altitude. The IRI-corrected NeQuick underestimates the majority of topside COSMIC electron density profiles and relative difference is lower up to approximately 100 km (above the hmF2) and then it increases. The overall performance of IRI-corrected NeQuick improves with respect to IRI and digisonde.     

Bass模型参数估计方法研究综述

详细介绍了新产品扩散Bass模型及其各种参数估计方法.模型的参数估计是影响模型准确性的一个重要方面,不同的参数估计方法,会使模型拟含结果相差很大,本文在对以往Bass模型参数估计方法进行分析评述的基础上,介绍了一种新的模型参数估计方法一蚁群算法,通过比较分析,认为蚁群算法将是一种更好的Bass模型参数估计方法.     

使用Trimble Geomatics Office等商业随机软件应注意的几个问题

通过对Trimble Geomatics Office等随机软件的实际应用,提出一些数据质量控制措施.根据随机软件网平差功能的特点,通过对所有基线网和独立基线网的对比分析,得出选择独立基线网平差更合理、测量结果更可靠的结论.     

Electron density profile calculation technique for Autoscala ionogram analysis

An electron density profile model with free parameters is introduced. Initially the parameters are calculated on the basis of the ionospheric characteristics automatically obtained from the ionograms by Autoscala and considering the helio-geophysical conditions. The technique used to adjust the free parameters to the particular ionograms recorded is presented.     

Midday bottomside electron density profiles during moderate solar activity and comparison with IRI-2001

Bottomside electron density (Ne-h) profiles during midday (10–14 h) are analyzed using modern digital ionosonde observations at a low-middle latitude station, New Delhi (28.6N, 77.2E, dip 42.4N), for the period from January 2003 to December 2003, pertaining to moderate solar activity (MSA). Each individual profile is normalized with respect to the peak height and density (hmF2, NmF2) of the F2-region. These profiles are compared with those obtained from the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2001) model. Bilitza [Bilitza, D. International Reference Ionosphere 2000. Radio Sci. 36 (2), 261–275, 2001] using both the options namely: Gulyaeva’s model [Gulyaeva, T.L. Progress in ionospheric informatics based on electron density profile analysis of ionograms. Adv. Space Res. 7 (6) 39–48, 1987] and B0 Tab. option [Bilitza, D., Radicella, S.M., Reinisch, B.W., Adeniyi, J.O., Mosert Gonzalez, M.E., Zhang, S.R., Obrou, O. New B0 and B1 models for IRI. Adv. Space Res. 25 (1), 89–95, 2000]. The study reveals that during summer and equinox, the IRI model with B0 Tab. option in general, produces better agreement with the observed median profiles, while the IRI predictions using Gulyaeva’s option, overestimate the electron density distribution at all the heights below the F2-peak. However, during winter, in general, the IRI model, using both the options, reveals shows fairly good agreement with the observations.     

Comparison of topside electron density computed by ionospheric models and plasma density observed by DMSP satellites

Electron density obtained by IRI (topside options NeQuick and IRI-Corr) and NeQuick models in their standard versions have been compared with plasma density values measured by F13 and F15 DMSP satellites for years of different solar activities. A statistical study of the differences between modeled and experimental data has been carried out to investigate each model performance.     

Simultaneous spacecraft attitude and orbit estimation using magnetic field vector measurements

Based on magnetometer measurements only, three-axis attitude, rate, and orbit estimation are successfully achieved. A single Augmented Dynamics Extended Kalman Filter (ADEKF) is configured by combining the spacecraft nonlinear attitude dynamics and quaternion kinematics with orbital mechanics. The filter design is adopted for three-axis stabilized spacecraft in low Earth orbits where the aerodynamic drag is the dominant source of disturbances in addition to the spacecraft magnetic residuals. To reduce the computational burden, another Interlaced Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) is developed to uncouple the attitude/rate from the orbit dynamics. Both filters are implemented using the magnetometer measurements and their corresponding time derivatives. As a part of EgyptSat-1 flight scenario, detumbling and standby modes are used for performance testing of the ADEKF. The concept of local observability is applied to the basic filter and the stability is investigated by incorporating extensive Monte Carlo simulations with uniformly distributed initial conditions. The filter shows the capability of estimating the attitude better than 5 deg and rate of order 0.03 deg/s in each axis. In orbit estimation, the filter is capable of estimating the position with accuracy less than 8 km and velocity upto 5 m/s in each axis.     

无人机机载导弹落角和时间控制导引律研究

改进了一种能同时控制命中角和命中时间的修正比例导引律,将其用到无人机机载空对地导弹中,将其中的剩余时间估计加入了命中角约束的影响,旨在保证无人机机载导弹垂直命中目标的同时,使命中时间更为准确.通过对此导引律和一种仅考虑垂直命中角约束的修正比例导引律以及和改进前导引律的比较,仿真表明,此导引律使无人机机载导弹能在保证垂直...     

Global empirical models of the density peak height and of the equivalent scale height for quiet conditions

Monthly average electron density profiles have been calculated from hourly electron density N(h) recorded in 26 digisonde stations distributed worldwide encompassing the time interval 1998–2006. The ionospheric electron density peak height of the F2 region, hmF2, and the effective scale height at the hmF2, Hm, deduced from average profiles have been analyzed to obtain the quiet-time behavior and have been analytically modeled by the spherical harmonic analysis (SH) technique using the modip latitude as the coordinate of the reference system. The coefficients of the SH models of hmF2 and Hm are bounded to the solar activity, and the temporal and seasonal variations are considered by Fourier expansion of the coefficients. The SH models provide a tool to predict hmF2 and Hm located anywhere in the range of latitudes between of 70°N and 70°S and at any time. The SH analytical model for hmF2 improves the fit to the observations by 10% in average compared to the IRI prediction, and it might improve the IRI prediction of hmF2 by more than 30% at high and low latitudes. The analytical model for Hm predicts the quiet behavior of the effective scale height with accuracy better than 15% in average which enables to obtain a good estimation of vertical profiles. These results could be useful to estimate information for the topside profile formulation.