羊毛精纺织物服用性能优选的多属性模糊决策

本文应用多属性目标决策的方法,评判不同规格毛织面料的"满意度",客观地提供一个重要的优选辅助依据。     

MONITORING OF ENERGETIC PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT INSIDE THE CHINA-BRAZIL EARTH RESOURCE SATELLITE

On 14 October 1999, the Chinese-Brazil earth resource satellite (CBERS-1) was launched in China. On board of the satellite there was an instrument designed at Peking University to detect the energetic particle radiation inside the satellite so the radiation fluxes of energetic particles in the cabin can be monitored continuously. Inside a satellite cabin, radiation environment consists of ether penetrated energetic particles or secondary radiation from satellite materials due to the interactions with primary cosmic rays.Purpose of the detectors are twofold, to monitor the particle radiation in the cabin and also to study the space radiation environment The data can be used to study the radiation environment and their effects on the electronics inside the satelhte cabin. On the other hand, the data are useful in study of geo-space energetic particle events such as solar proton events, particle precipitation and variations of the radiation belt since there should be some correlation between the radiation situation inside and outside the satellite.The instrument consists of two semi-conductor detectors for protons and electrons respectively. Each detector has two channels of energy ranges. They are 0.5-2MeV and ≥2MeV for electrons and 5-30MeV and 30-60MeV for protons. Counting rate for all channels are up to 104/(cm2@s)and power consumption is about 2.5 W. There are also the additional functions of CMOS TID (total integrated dose) effect and direct SEU monitoring. The data of CBMC was first sent back on Oct. 17 1999 and it's almost three years from then on. The detector has been working normally and the quality of data is good.The preliminary results of data analysis of CBMC not only reveal the effects of polar particle precipitation and radiation belt on radiation environment inside a satellite, but also show some important features of the geo-space energetic particle radiation.As one of the most important parameters of space weather, the energetic charged particles have great influences on space activities and ground tech nology. CBMC is perhaps the first long-term on-board special equipment to monitor the energetic particle radiation environment inside the satellite and the data it accnmulated are very useful in both satellite designing and space research.     

Acceleration of interplanetary pick-up ions and anomalous cosmic rays

It may not be doubted anymore that anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) are produced in the heliosphere from interplanetary pick-up ions through their acceleration at the solar wind termination shock. However, there is no general agreement in the community of heliospheric researchers concerning the mechanism of injection of the pick-up ions into the shock acceleration. We discuss here three possible ways for pick-up ions to be involved into the acceleration process at the termination shock: (1) preacceleration of pick-up ions in the whole region from the Sun up to the termination shock by solar wind turbulences and interplanetary shock waves, (2) local preacceleration of pick-up ions in a vicinity of the termination shock by shock surfing, and (3) formation of high-velocity tails in pick-up ion spectra consisting of secondary pick-up ions which are produced in the supersonic solar wind due to ionization of energetic neutral atoms entering from the inner heliosheath.     

基于复杂型面薄壁零件成形的电铸试验研究

 在航空、航天领域存在诸如风洞喷管、波导元件和叶片电极等异型薄壁零件,采用常规加工方法对这些薄壁零件进行加工时存在着难加工的问题,利用一种新型的电铸技术——阴极平动式游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术对其进行直接成形加工。在电铸过程中,阴阳极之间添加不导电的游离粒子,随着阴极的不断运动,游离粒子能够周期性地对电沉积层产生磨擦、抛光、挤压作用,以此来提高表面质量,强化电铸层。与传统电铸技术所制备的电铸镍层进行了对比试验,试验结果表明：游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术能够获得表面光亮、平整电铸层;电铸层（200）晶面的衍射强度明显降低,（111）和（220）晶面的衍射强度显著提高;电铸层的机械性能也得到了明显的改善,显微硬度和抗拉强度比传统电铸工艺提高了一倍左右。以此为基础,成功制备了复杂型面叶片阴极,其显微硬度和表面粗糙度都得到了明显改善。     

刀具声发射信号混沌特征提取及趋势分析

旨在建立一种基于多混沌特征演化分析的刀具磨损状态监测方法,通过计算刀具声发射信号的混沌特性参数分析其磨损趋势。建立首先基于混沌理论分析和描述刀具不同磨损阶段声发射信号的混沌特性,包括：定性描述,即重构相空间的奇异吸引子轨迹和庞加莱截面;定量描述,计算不同时间段声发射信号的关联维数、最大Lyapunov指数等。其次,采用最小二乘回归方法对所计算的混沌参数进行趋势分析。结果表明,声发射信号具有混沌特性,而且关联维数和最大Lyapunov指数演化趋势与刀具的磨损状态具有一定的关联,从而为刀具磨损状态的在线监测和预测提供了新思路。     

EMD和SVM在刀具故障诊断中的应用

与传统方法相比,声发射传感器在刀具故障诊断方面有很大的优势。将声发射传感器应用于刀具切削过程中,提出了基于经验模态分解（EMD）和支持向量机（SVM）的刀具故障诊断方法。该方法首先对标准化的声发射信号进行经验模态分解,将分解后的有限个固有模态函数（IMF）通过一定的削减算法增强故障类型特征,把每个IMF和残余项的能量以及整个信号的削减比作为特征向量,最后将特征向量输入支持向量机进行训练和测试,判断刀具的故障类型。通过对某一刀具的故障诊断结果进行分析,验证了该方法的实用性和有效性。     

离子束辅助沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜的摩擦性能

采用ZDH-100型号离子束复合沉积设备沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜,基材为轴承钢和单晶硅(100).采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、XRD衍射仪,检测复合薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构.采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机,对复合薄膜在大气环境中的摩擦性能进行了研究.结果表明:采用离子束辅助沉积技术制备的WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜是非晶态薄膜;并且随法向载荷的增加,复合薄膜的摩擦因数减小,摩擦状态越稳定,耐磨寿命越短.     

微生物对航空煤油影响的实验研究

微生物活动会造成航空煤油变质、过滤器阻塞、设备腐蚀、仪表失灵等严重后果,影响航空安全。将采集的污染航空煤油试样,与纯净油品在实验室进行富集培养,研究了微生物油品污染前后的密度、粘度、总酸值、固体颗粒、冰点等指标的变化情况。指出了现有航空油料管理规定在微生物检测方面所存在的不足,提出了增加部分检测指标的建议,以尽早发现微生物的活动。     

激波与固体颗粒群相互作用实验研究

为了研究FAE武器、温压武器中燃料抛撒问题,在垂直激波管里进行了气-固两相流的实验研究。主要研究激波（Ma=1．96）与3种不同堆密度的石英砂颗粒群相互作用,用高速摄影仪对颗粒在抛撒过程进行图像捕捉,得到颗粒在抛撒阶段的速度。研究颗粒群在超声速气流下的运动规律以及激波对颗粒群加速的影响规律,分析激波通过颗粒群时气-固两相流中的动力学过程。定量分析颗粒堆密度对激波的影响,得出了固体颗粒群受到激波作用后抛撒过程中纵向和横向颗粒云团体积增加,颗粒云团平均浓度减少;颗粒群的堆密度与颗粒粒径、抛撒初速度、反射激波的强度都成反相关关系。